闭式液压系统介绍及使用.pdf

DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10液压技术座谈会液压技术座谈会（闭式液压系统介绍及使用）闭式液压系统介绍及使用）Zhang Xin（张新）DCCN-SVH/PkDec.13th.2010Zhang Xin（张新）DCCN-SVH/PkDec.13th.20102 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10座谈内容闭式液压系统构成A4VG180EP泵介绍A6VM160EP马达介绍管路安装系统清洁度保证A4VG180EP泵常见故障的诊断及排除A6VM160EP马达常见故障的诊断及排除问题讨论3 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍何谓闭式液压系统何谓闭式液压系统工作介质（液压油或其他）从执行机构直接回到泵工作介质（液压油或其他）从执行机构直接回到泵4 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍液压系统都需要安全保护元件液压系统都需要安全保护元件安全阀安全阀5 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍任何液压泵和马达工作时都有漏损（散热，润滑）任何液压泵和马达工作时都有漏损（散热，润滑）增加泄油管路增加泄油管路6 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍因为漏损且为保证执行机构连续平稳运转，系统需要补油因为漏损且为保证执行机构连续平稳运转，系统需要补油增加补油泵和补油阀增加补油泵和补油阀7 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍增加变量机构以实现泵的排量和输出方向的变化增加变量机构以实现泵的排量和输出方向的变化增加变量控制阀及变量活塞增加变量控制阀及变量活塞8 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍闭式系统易发热，故对于大排量泵和马达构成的闭式系统，常常会增加冲洗油路以加速热交换闭式系统易发热，故对于大排量泵和马达构成的闭式系统，常常会增加冲洗油路以加速热交换增加冲洗阀增加冲洗阀9 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍10 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10闭式液压系统介绍方向控制阀：规格小=仅进行先导控制；（开式系统中的规格大）过滤器和散热器：规格小=只需与补油泵的流量匹配；液压油箱：小尺寸=只需与补油泵流量匹配；运转速度：补油泵限制=补油泵的结构及连轴套上的平键安装位置：任意位置驱动：可逆的=泵马达工况可逆，可实现静压制动闭式系统的特点闭式系统的特点11 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180EPD泵介绍轴向柱塞泵工作原理轴向柱塞泵工作原理容积泵一种容积泵一种密封容腔密封容腔容腔体积可变容腔体积可变12 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180EPD泵介绍轴向柱塞泵工作原理轴向柱塞泵工作原理13 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180EPD泵介绍A4G180EP泵工作原理泵工作原理2 EP控制阀1主泵4 变量活塞5 高压溢流阀（带补油阀）6 低压溢流阀/补油阀3 压力切断阀过滤器带冷启动阀及指示器23456X1，X2RPsMA，MBTG14 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180EPD泵介绍轴端无应力安装轴端无应力安装=安装时不可以敲击轴端，放置时不可以轴端着地；安装时不可以敲击轴端，放置时不可以轴端着地；检查泵的旋向：与电机（发动机）一致检查泵的旋向：与电机（发动机）一致保证油液清洁度保证油液清洁度清洁度等级：清洁度等级：至少至少ISO4406 20/18/15油液温度较高时（油液温度较高时（90度度115度）：度）：至少至少ISO4406 19/17/14A4G180EP泵使用要求泵使用要求保证同轴度保证同轴度=联轴器安装时，要根据生产厂家的要求保证同轴度；联轴器安装时，要根据生产厂家的要求保证同轴度；吸油压力：吸油压力：不能低于不能低于0.8bar（绝对压力），表测压力不低于（绝对压力），表测压力不低于-0.2bar；壳体压力：壳体压力：不能高于不能高于3bar（绝对压力），表测压力不高于（绝对压力），表测压力不高于2bar15 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180EPD泵介绍壳体加油，排气：向壳体内加满干净的液压油，从高处的油口排气（第一次试车、长时间不用或更换油管后，启机前）壳体加油，排气：向壳体内加满干净的液压油，从高处的油口排气（第一次试车、长时间不用或更换油管后，启机前）泄油管连接：泄油管连接：接在泵壳体上方的T口，直接回油箱；接在泵壳体上方的T口，直接回油箱；接头要符合欧洲标准的超轻型系列接头要符合欧洲标准的超轻型系列油管选用单层钢丝的低压油管油管选用单层钢丝的低压油管吸油过滤：尽可能不要采用吸油过滤；如果要用吸油过滤，过滤器精度要大于100U，通流量大于补油泵流量的2.5倍；吸油过滤：尽可能不要采用吸油过滤；如果要用吸油过滤，过滤器精度要大于100U，通流量大于补油泵流量的2.5倍；有关清洁度的保证措施，后面专门论述有关清洁度的保证措施，后面专门论述A4G180EP泵保证措施泵保证措施16 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A6VM160EP马达介绍轴向柱塞马达工作原理轴向柱塞马达工作原理17 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A6VM160EP马达介绍轴向柱塞马达工作原理轴向柱塞马达工作原理18 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A6VM160EP马达介绍A6VM160EP马达工作原理马达工作原理带冲洗阀19 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A6VM160EP马达介绍轴端无应力安装轴端无应力安装=安装时不可以敲击轴端，放置时不可以轴端着地；防止顶轴安装时不可以敲击轴端，放置时不可以轴端着地；防止顶轴保证油液清洁度保证油液清洁度清洁度等级：清洁度等级：至少至少ISO4406 20/18/15油液温度较高时（油液温度较高时（90度度115度）：度）：至少至少ISO4406 19/17/14A6VM160EP马达使用要求马达使用要求保证同轴度保证同轴度=联轴器安装时，要根据生产厂家的要求保证同轴度；联轴器安装时，要根据生产厂家的要求保证同轴度；壳体压力：壳体压力：不能高于不能高于3bar（绝对压力），表测压力不高于（绝对压力），表测压力不高于2bar20 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A6VM160EP马达介绍A6VM160EP马达使用要求马达使用要求壳体加油：试车时壳体内要加满干净的液压油，将马达壳体内气排净壳体加油：试车时壳体内要加满干净的液压油，将马达壳体内气排净泄油管：要求同前面泵的要求泄油管：要求同前面泵的要求21 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10A4VG180泵与泵与A6VM160马达组成的闭式液压系统马达组成的闭式液压系统旁通阀2barX1X2 变量活塞控制油测量口R壳体压力测量口B测高压溢流阀机械零位调整杆A测高压溢流阀G补油压力测量口A测高压测量B侧高压测量低压溢流阀泵上各油口尺寸各测量口用压力表量程22 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装管路准备及安装时一般性要求管路准备及安装时一般性要求在储存、运输的过程中，油管开口要用干净的塑料堵等密封保护；在储存、运输的过程中，油管开口要用干净的塑料堵等密封保护；最好使用没有经过涂敷的无氧化皮的；最好使用没有经过涂敷的无氧化皮的；锯完后，应仔细去除毛刺；锯完后，应仔细去除毛刺；冷态折弯冷态折弯尽可能避免焊接接头。若无法避免，在焊接时要考虑焊杂的易处理；尽可能避免焊接接头。若无法避免，在焊接时要考虑焊杂的易处理；不要使用棉纱和废布清理管路，最好使用稠缎；不要使用棉纱和废布清理管路，最好使用稠缎；对于液压油箱，一定要认真处理掉焊渣，并用面沾干净油箱的内部对于液压油箱，一定要认真处理掉焊渣，并用面沾干净油箱的内部23 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油、泄油和回油管路安装的具体要求吸油、泄油和回油管路安装的具体要求任何时候，吸油和泄油管都要在液面下至少任何时候，吸油和泄油管都要在液面下至少2.5倍的管子直径；但不能小于倍的管子直径；但不能小于100mm；（防止起泡）（防止起泡）泄油管（或回油管）要高于吸油管，并注意：回油不可以直接被吸走泄油管（或回油管）要高于吸油管，并注意：回油不可以直接被吸走吸油管，回油管和泄油管的油口间的距离要大于吸油管，回油管和泄油管的油口间的距离要大于200mm；ABEmin 2.5倍管径（100mm）Amin 200mmBmin 200mm24 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油管的不良安装吸油管的不良安装最少有2.5倍油管直徑的距離隔板必須安裝吸油区的油液不可以急速流动紊流区長而平放的吸油管（考虑支架）平切口的油管（45度切口）产生气泡（考虑直管）Psuction25 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油管的不良安装吸油管的不良安装Psuction吸油區內油液不可急速流動calm oil in suction chamber紊流區turbulent zoneAllg.090.10 VST1/VST6 09.AA必須安裝隔板必須安裝隔板baffle absolutelynecessary最少有最少有2.5倍油管直徑的距離倍油管直徑的距離at least 2.5 pipe i.d.minimal distance26 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油管的不良安装吸油管的不良安装例一、只接在油箱壁例一、只接在油箱壁case 1 onlygrommet例二、油管太短例二、油管太短case 2 pipetoo short例三、太接近吸油管口例三、太接近吸油管口case 3 too close to the suction inlet 液位液位oil level液位變化液位變化swinging level注意！回油管必須經常低於最底液位注意！回油管必須經常低於最底液位ATTENTION!Return line must always end under the minimum oil levelAllg.090.11 VST1/VST6 06.AA27 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油管喉箍设计吸油管喉箍设计兩個喉碼為兩個喉碼為90分隔開分隔開2 hose clamps 90offset尖角會損壞軟管尖角會損壞軟管sharp chamter can damage hose型成氣泡型成氣泡(扰流形成气泡扰流形成气泡）creation of air pocket有利流向的最佳設計有利流向的最佳設計optimised design for every flow圓角圓角round chamterAllg.090.6 VST1/VST6 06.AA28 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装吸油管喉箍设计吸油管喉箍设计氣谷氣谷longitudinal airgap使用兩個喉碼時必須分開安裝使用兩個喉碼時必須分開安裝When using two hose clamps,mounting needs to be offset安裝一對喉碼須以安裝一對喉碼須以90分隔開分隔開Hose clamps have to be assembled with a set of 9029 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统管路及油箱的安装系统管路及油箱的安装无应力安装无应力安装折弯半径3倍于管径30 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制保证系统油液清洁度的重要性保证系统油液清洁度的重要性油液污染元件磨损元件堵塞吸空元件损坏系统性能下降/动作失灵油液污染油液污染系统吸空系统吸空液压系统两大天敌液压系统两大天敌31 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制液压系统污染的来源液压系统污染的来源1.外部污染2.装配时造成污染3.启动系统时造成的污染4.内部污染5.磨损6.新的油液7.维修造成的污染32 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制10um的颗粒放大的颗粒放大100倍倍10um的颗粒与人头发放大100倍图像人头发直径约10um的颗粒与人头发放大100倍图像人头发直径约75um热热人肉眼可分辨的最小尺寸为人肉眼可分辨的最小尺寸为40um33 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制常用液压件间隙尺寸常用液压件间隙尺寸34 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制两种尺寸的颗粒危害最大两种尺寸的颗粒危害最大两两5um 元件堵塞元件堵塞15um 元件磨损元件磨损35 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制不同清洁度液压油比较不同清洁度液压油比较油桶里新的液压油ISO4406 22/20/18 级（NAS12级）新安装系统内的污染ISO4406 23/22/20 （大于NAS12级）油桶里新的液压油ISO4406 22/20/18 级（NAS12级）新安装系统内的污染ISO4406 23/22/20 （大于NAS12级）新油液是不干净的新油液是不干净的热热热热36 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制不同清洁度液压油比较不同清洁度液压油比较经常规过滤器过滤的液压油ISO4406 20/18/16（NAS 9级）经过经常规过滤器过滤的液压油ISO4406 20/18/16（NAS 9级）经过3200的精过滤器过滤的油液ISO4406 14/13/11 （NAS4级）200的精过滤器过滤的油液ISO4406 14/13/11 （NAS4级）柱塞泵和马达的最低要求柱塞泵和马达的最低要求热热热热37 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制衡量过滤器的三大指标衡量过滤器的三大指标过滤精度过滤精度压差特性压差特性纳污能力纳污能力38 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole power of disposal,including all rights relating to copying,transmission and dissemination.DCCN/SVH-001-PR-F15Edition:1 2009-12-10系统油液清洁度的控制系统油液清洁度的控制国际通用的过滤精度表示方法国际通用的过滤精度表示方法x=75 的的X值值过滤精度过滤精度反应的是过滤器对不同直径颗粒的过滤能力反应的是过滤器对不同直径颗粒的过滤能力为检验其性能，人为规定的指标；是在特定的条件下通过试验测得的；为检验其性能，人为规定的指标；是在特定的条件下通过试验测得的；这一指标越高，其过滤能力越强；但它无法表征出过滤器在系统中的真实净化能力（受多种因素影响）这一指标越高，其过滤能力越强；但它无法表征出过滤器在系统中的真实净化能力（受多种因素影响）39 All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG,even and especially in cases of proprietary rights applications.We also retain sole