2023年高三英语知识点必修一：名词性从句.docx

2023年高三英语知识点必修一：名词性从句 【导语】你正以凌厉的步伐迈进这段特殊的岁月中。这是一段青涩而又平淡的日子，每个人都隐身于高考，而平淡之中的张力却只有真正的勇士才可以破译。 以下是免费学习网高中频道为每一位高三的莘莘学子预备的高三英语学问点必修一：名词性从句助你榜上出名！ 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有改变。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 1 It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 特别荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 2 it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 惊奇的是 3 it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that 好像 It happened that 碰巧 4 it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 3. 主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况。 1 if 引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。 2 It is said ， reported 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. right That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. wrong 3 It happens， It occurs 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. right That he failed in the examination occurred to him. wrong 4 It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不行提前。 例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. right Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. wrong 5 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不行提前。 例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening？ right Is that will rain in the evening likely？ wrong 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分。 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不然。 例如： 1 What you said yesterday is right. 2 That she is still alive is a consolation. 二.宾语从句 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语。 1 由that引导的宾语从句that 通常可以省略 例如： I heard that be joined the army. 2 由what， whether if 引导的宾语从句 例如： 1 She did not know what had happened. 2 I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句 例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation. 2. 作介词的宾语。 例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语。 例如： I am afraid that Ive made a mistake. That 引导的从句常跟在以下形容词后作宾语： Anxious， aware， certain， confident， convinced， determined， glad， proud， surprised， worried， sorry， thankful， ashamed， disappointed， annoyed， pleased， hurt， satisfied， content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作缘由状语从句。 4. It 可以作为形式宾语。 It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特殊是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month. 5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词。 这类动词有Allow， refuse， let， like， cause， force， admire， condemn， celebrate， dislike， love， help， take， forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不行以用that引导的宾语从句。 例如： I admire their winning the match. right I admire that they won the match. wrong 6. 不行用that从句作直接宾语的动词。 有些动词不行用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy， order， accuse， refuse， impress， forgive， blame， denounce， advise， congratulate等。 例如： He impressed the manager as an honest man. right He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. wrong 7. 否认的转移 若主句谓语动词为Think， consider， wuppose， believe， expect， fancy， guess， imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否认意义，一般要把否认词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用确定式。 例如： I dont think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 三.表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be， look， remain， seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。 例如： 1 The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2 This is why we cant get the support of the people 3 But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4 The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 四.同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 1. 同位语从句的功能。 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。 例如： 1 The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2 The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置。 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分。 1 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分主语或宾语，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 2 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如： 1 The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告知我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语 2The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分 。 PREV ARTICLE高三英语学问点必修二：since从句的用法NEXT ARTICLE高三英语语法专题复习说课稿：情态动词