《自然拼读》PPT课件.ppt

小学英小学英语自然拼自然拼读1、学习兴趣：入学时：兴趣100%毕业时：兴趣？60%2、语言技能：听？说？读？写？3、英语思维习惯养成了吗？一、小学一、小学阶段英段英语教学的出教学的出发点和最点和最终目目标最终目标：Read to Learn!小学目标：Learn to Read!小学：1、语言知识：（背单词、练句子、话题）2、语言技能：听？说？读？写？二、我二、我们们的教学的教学现现状是怎状是怎样样的呢？的呢？1、Phonics 2、Sight words.3、Reading三、三、Learn to read Learn to read 包括那几包括那几项项基本技基本技能！能！What are Sight Words?What are Sight Words?SightSight WordsWords are words that appear in texts with high frequency.are words that appear in texts with high frequency.They must be read fluently and automatically at first sight.They must be read fluently and automatically at first sight.Sight Words are critical to reading not only because they areSight Words are critical to reading not only because they are used so frequently,but also because many of them cannot used so frequently,but also because many of them cannot easily be sounded out or illustrated.easily be sounded out or illustrated.1、美国学者在二次世界大战之前，针对英语儿童读物做了分析，统计后，所整理出最常被使用的220个字，在孩子早期阅读的书本中就占了50%75%，被称为DolchSightWords。2、包含了不少抽象意义的介词和代词，例如：for、to、he、it 等。3、还有一些较不符合字母拼读法发音规则，如down.4、中文解释较困，混杂文法变化，如：do,have,up 等。Sight words（60%-70%熟练掌握见字能读）Phonics（30%-40%解码拼读）Reading+=Sight words教学切莫翻译，词不离句 Phonics is a method of teaching beginners to read and pronounce words by learning to associate letters or letter groups with the sounds they represent.Phonics 已经在欧美国家流行百年，是自然形成的一种发音规律，主要教授英文字母与语音之间的对应关系，不用借助字典和音标就可以顺利读出初级英语中70%左右的单词了。What is Phonics?（什么是自然拼读法？）（什么是自然拼读法？）Page Page 8 8学习使用学习使用学习使用学习使用PhonicsPhonics 和没有接触过和没有接触过和没有接触过和没有接触过PhonicsPhonics的有什么差呢？的有什么差呢？的有什么差呢？的有什么差呢？学过学过Phonics没有用没有用Phonics23岁之前可以掌握岁之前可以掌握10万个单词万个单词 掌握掌握10万个单词万个单词需要需要173岁岁小学生掌握并且运用小学生掌握并且运用180条规则就可以大量阅读条规则就可以大量阅读靠记忆背单词，很难靠记忆背单词，很难超过超过600个个/年年8岁以后词汇正常增长岁以后词汇正常增长速度为速度为29104850个单词个单词/年年不会有自然增长。不会有自然增长。Phonics-直观，字母与声音对应关系稳定，见词能读国际音标-抽象，需要查字典，一般的书不注音标，需 要 死记硬背Phonics国际音标PhonicsPhonics与国与国际际音音标标 的区的区别别？Page Page 1010PhonicsPhonicsPhonicsPhonics教学法三要素：教学法三要素：教学法三要素：教学法三要素：Letter（字母）Sound（音）Blending（拼读）。英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法：第一阶：建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。第二阶：能够成功拼读元音+辅音（辅音+元音）。如：c-a ca a-t at第三阶：能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-gdog第四阶：能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-ersweater第五阶：能够听音辨字，即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。第六阶：单词量大量扩充，能够阅读英语文章。a_e cake capenametapelakegamemaketakehatee_e these Japanese Chinesei_e bite five nine kitemineniceridesideo_e rosenose ropenoteposehomerodethoseu_e tubecube June cute huge元辅e结构ai:tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee:reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea:seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey:donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:tiepieliedieigh:rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa:roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow:rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui:suitjuicefruit双元音1：aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiueou:houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouseow:cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi:coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy:oysterboycowboysoytoyau:augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw:pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo:moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo:bookcookgoodfootlookhookea:headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather双元音1：ouowoioyauawooooeach:beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherrysh:sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwh:whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperph:photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetth:brotherfeatherleatherfathermotherth:thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkn:knobkneeknifeknockknitwr:wristwrinklewrapwreathwritemb:thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb双辅音：chshwhphththknwrbl:blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpl:planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantcl:clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngl:gloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr:brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr:crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr:graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr:prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr:frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr:dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink双辅音：blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdrsm:smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn:snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl:slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw:switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp:spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst:stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc:scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk:skunkskisskirtskatesall:calltallfallballwallew:dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaperYy:skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby 双辅音或三辅音：smsnslswspstscskallewy单音节词，以元音结尾，这个元音发字母音如：me,hi,go等等ar(car),ay(hay,may,say),igh(high,night,might),ew(new),er(sister,brother),ur(burn,hurt),ir(girl,fir,firm),or(horn),eigh(eight),oi(oil,boil),oy(boy),ow等有其特别的发音c和k在一起时，发一个音:quick,black等.特殊读法Irregular:Phonemic Awareness1、Hear and say!(单词无论长、短，难、易！)2、Rhyme！3、Syllable clap!专家举例4、Segmenting!5、Blending!6、Alliteration!7、Letter Blending!8、Sound Substitution!9、Tap it out!(Dictation)自然拼读法教学的几种形式和组织技巧 1、顺口溜Tonguetwister：（例：Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.）2、Chant（歌谣举例）3、绘本故事（故事举例）创编故事4、游戏顺口溜Tonguetwister1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.9.AtnoonItookagoodbook，andsatbythepoolinthewood.Isoontookoffmyboot.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh!Howcool,howcool.10.Thehunterandhishugehorsehidebehindinhouse.自然拼读法教学需要遵循的理念Whole Language先见林，后见树Sight WordsPhonicsSight words、phonics、reading如何与我们的教学整合a and away big can come funny go help here it is jump little my play I the to you blue down find for in look make me not one red run said see Three two up we where yellowDolch sight word level 1 Dolch sight word level 1 all am ate are but did do eat four get have like must no new now please say so soon this that want what who yes at be black brown came good he into on out our pretty ran ride saw she there they too under was well went white withDolch sight word level 2 Dolch sight word level 2 an as ask could fly give her how just know let live may of put take thank then think walk after again any by every form old going had has him his once open over round some stop them were when Dolch sight words level 3 Dolch sight words level 3 always around because been before best both call cold does dont fast first goes its off many made pull very why upon buy found gave green or read right sleep sing sit these those tell their us wash which wish Work would write yourDolch sight words level 4 Dolch sight words level 4 about better bring clean cut done draw drink far full grow hurt laugh myself never own pick shall show start together carry eight fall got hold hot if keep kind light long much nine only seven six small ten today try warmDolch sight word level 5 Dolch sight word level 5 一、一、Sight wordsSight words学学习进度：度：每节课5分钟sight words 时间。每节课学习五个（对于高年级学生都是认识的单词，只是巩固操练。）每周4节课，可巩固20个。220个Sight words大约需要11周，即三个月内时间。如何将如何将Sight words Sight words 和和PhonicsPhonics的的学学习纳习纳入到日常教学中去？（入到日常教学中去？（针对针对五六年五六年级级）低年级可以慢慢来，一学期或一学年一个级别，每个级别大约40到50个左右。也可以根据教材中出现顺序来教。二、二、Sight words Sight words学学习要点：要点：1、记忆规律：听6次，说8次，读6次，写4次，用2次。2、放在在课前热身环节，利用单词卡片、多种游戏、竞赛、练习等形式灵活有趣地进行。3、坚持每节课将所有学过的重复、循环复习。4、See and Say.绝不翻译，词不离句，每一个词配上一个典型应用的句子。还要让学生举一反三造句子。如：I see a 图片.教具示范如何将如何将Sight words Sight words 和和PhonicsPhonics的的学学习纳习纳入到日常教学中去？（入到日常教学中去？（针对针对五六年五六年级级三、Phonics学习进度：1、每节课5分钟学习Phonics.2、每节课1、2个字母，可学几个复习一次，可打乱顺序，依据对比原则或相似原则，16节课学完26个字母的发音，约4周。每学完一个字母，课下都要在学过的所有字母表里找含有这个字母的单词，系统的复习巩固一遍小学单词表。3、More Vowel Rules双元音用7课时学完。4、Letter Blends每节课练习4-5个，用16课时学完。Phonics 约10周，三个月内学完。如何将如何将Sight words Sight words 和和PhonicsPhonics的学的学习纳习纳入到日常教学中去？（入到日常教学中去？（针对针对五五六年六年级级）四、Phonics学习要点：1、绝对不讲音标。只学习字母与声音的关系。建立起学生对音素的敏感性，即培养音素意识。2、采用多种语音游戏进行练习，如同文字游戏一样让学生乐在其中。（举例示范）多尝试让学生见字能读，听词能写。3、Phonics的学习离不开大量的泛读做基础，这个泛读一是指大量的原版书阅读，绘本和分级都需要，只有多学科的增大孩子的英文阅读量，才能更加丰富孩子的阅读视野，这是孩子学习Phonics千万不能舍本求末的基础。4、学习Phonics 需要长期坚持，不能一蹴而就，要贯穿在平常教学中不断强化拼读技能。如何将如何将Sight words Sight words 和和PhonicsPhonics的的学学习纳习纳入到日常教学中去？（入到日常教学中去？（针对针对五六年五六年级级）每节课5分钟学习sight words导入。每节课5分钟学习Phonics.每节课主教材教学25分钟。按全语言理念创造性备课。每节课阅读推荐与分享展示课外阅读5分钟。（可循序渐进得开展）小小结结：Read to learn Read to learn 的目的目标标是我是我们们每一个英每一个英语语教育者教育者应该应该有大有大视视野。野。Thank you!Thank you!