nonfinitive非谓语动词.ppt

Nonfinite Nonfinite VerbsVerbs(非谓语动词非谓语动词)过去分词过去分词不定式不定式V.-ing V.-ing 形式形式非非谓谓语语动动词词高考题高考题不定式不定式例例1NMET2000Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmyjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expectsB该题考查疑问词该题考查疑问词+不定式在句中做宾语不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词其后可以跟的用法。英语中有一些动词其后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tell,discuss,know,show,learn,decide,wonder,explain不定式的不定式的作用作用解析：解析：例例2NMET1999Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,_itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake.B不定式不定式因为主语是因为主语是the purposethe purpose，在（在（purpose,purpose,wish,promise,planwish,promise,plan）后常跟不定式，故后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，表语要用不定式，toto不能省略，因此构成不能省略，因此构成the purpose is to do not to dothe purpose is to do not to do句型。句型。不定式的不定式的作用作用解析：解析：例例3 2002 上海上海Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystate-runcompaniesarestriving_theirproductsmorecompetitive.A.tomakeB.makingB.C.TohavemadeD.havingmadeA不定式不定式该题考查动词不定式做目的状语。该题考查动词不定式做目的状语。解析：解析：He woke up to find everyone gone.We laughed to hear the news.结果状语结果状语原因状语原因状语不定式的不定式的作用作用例例41999上海上海Therearefivepairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy?A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosingB不定式不定式该题考查该题考查动词不定式作定语。有动词不定式作定语。有5 5双可供选双可供选择，而不是选择择，而不是选择5 5双，故用双，故用choose fromchoose from表示表示“从从中选择中选择”。不定式的不定式的作用作用解析：解析：例例52004北京北京Myadvisorencouraged_asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotakeD不定式不定式该题考查该题考查动词不定式作宾补。动词不定式作宾补。“encourage sb.to do sth.”encourage sb.to do sth.”不定式的不定式的作用作用解析：解析：例例6_somethingaboutEnglishisonething;toknowEnglishisquiteanother.A.KnowingB.ToknowC.KnownD.TohavingknownB不定式不定式该题考查该题考查动词不定式作主语。动词不定式作主语。动名词作主语表经常性的，抽象的动作，而不定动名词作主语表经常性的，抽象的动作，而不定式作主语则表示特指，一次性的，具体的动作。式作主语则表示特指，一次性的，具体的动作。不定式的不定式的作用作用解析：解析：例例7 NMET 1997Iwouldlove_tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneB.C.goingD.tohavegoneD不定式不定式该题考查动词不定式做宾语的该题考查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。用法。would would love(like)to love(like)to 是固定搭配，因此是固定搭配，因此B B、C C、不合题不合题意。意。Would love+Would love+不定式一般式，表示不定式一般式，表示“想，希想，希望望”，而接不定式完成式则表示，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望而未原本希望而未曾实现曾实现”的意思。的意思。解析：解析：不定式的不定式的时态和语态时态和语态例例8 NMET 2002Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seenIt was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers.The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult.B不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关系修饰的词的逻辑关系,被动关系用被动被动关系用被动.解析：解析：不定式不定式不定式的不定式的时态和语态时态和语态不定式不定式例例9 NMET 1996年年 The patient was warned _ oily food after the The patient was warned _ oily food after the operationoperation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eatA.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eatC 该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意warn后跟词方式，后跟词方式，warnsb.nottodosth.warnsb.againstdoingsth.该题应该该题应该用结构用结构，另外，另外，not应放在应放在to之前。之前。在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少数动词（五看数动词（五看see,watch,notice,observe,lookat；二听二听listento,hear；一感觉；一感觉feel；三使役；三使役make,let,have;等）须接不带等）须接不带to的不定式做宾补。的不定式做宾补。解析：解析：不定式的不定式的否定形式否定形式过去分词过去分词1.作状语作状语例例1 NMET1996_inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC1.1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-inging或或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是句子主语句子主语。2.“2.“陷入深思陷入深思”有两种表达法，有两种表达法，A.Lose A.Lose oneself in thought B.be lost in oneself in thought B.be lost in thought,thought,按句子提供的语境可用结构按句子提供的语境可用结构B.B.解析：解析：过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语的用法。过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语的用法。过去分词过去分词2.作定语作定语例例2 NMET1997TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA 过去过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。所以所以A是正确的。是正确的。Firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.解析：解析：They have paid the house to be built next year.They have paid the house being built now.They have paid the house built years ago.作定语作定语过去分词过去分词3.作表语作表语例例3 NMET1998Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget_bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayC该题考查分词作表语的用法。该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.解析：解析：过去分词过去分词4.作补语作补语该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。theplan与与carryout的关系是被动关系。的关系是被动关系。seesth.done这结构常见的还有这结构常见的还有watch(notice,observe,have和和make)sth.done.例例4 NMET2000Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutB.C.carriedoutD.tocarryoutC解析：解析：V.-ing形式形式例例 1 NMET1998 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeAv.-ing形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法Makingitthepopularsportintheworld为为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面，常放在句子的后面，ing表示顺其自然的结表示顺其自然的结果，不定式表示突然，出乎意料的结果。果，不定式表示突然，出乎意料的结果。解析：解析：Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.HerushedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosedV.-ing形式形式例例 2 NMET 2001 _suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.SufferedAv.-ing形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法解这类题的关键是弄清非谓语动词与句子主语的解这类题的关键是弄清非谓语动词与句子主语的逻辑关系，句子主语是该动作的执行者还是承受逻辑关系，句子主语是该动作的执行者还是承受者？句子主语若是动作的执行者则需用现在分词；者？句子主语若是动作的执行者则需用现在分词；若是承受着，则需用过去分词或其他形式的被动若是承受着，则需用过去分词或其他形式的被动式。接着考虑分词的动作与谓语动词动作的先后式。接着考虑分词的动作与谓语动词动作的先后关系来决定具体词形。关系来决定具体词形。解析：解析：非谓语动词用法比较详析非谓语动词用法比较详析 .Unless_tospeak，youshouldremainsilentattheconference(03上海春上海春)AinvitedBinvitingCbeinginvitedDhavinginvited.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole_inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive(03上海春上海春)AtohaveplayedBtoplayCtobeplayedDtobeplayingAB .Friendshipislikemoney：easiermadethan_(03上海春上海春)AkeptBtobekeptCkeepingDbeingkept ._themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement(03上海春上海春)AThepresidentwillattendBThepresidenttoattendCThepresidentattendedDThepresidentsattendingAD5.You were silly not _ your car.(04(04湖南湖南)A.to lock B.to have locked C.locking D.having lockedB6.I dont know whether you happen _,but Im going to study in the U.S.A.this September.（04辽宁）辽宁）A.to be heard B.to be hearing C.to hear D.to have heardD7.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.（0202上海）上海）A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settledC8.Do let your mother know the truth.She appears _ everything.（0101上海）上海）A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been toldDAccording to a recent U.S.survey,children spent up to 25 hours a week _ TV.（04上海）上海）A.to watch B.to watching C.watching D.watchC1010.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.（NMET2003）A.smoke B.smoking C.to smoke D.smoked1111 The discovery of new evidence led to _.（03 上海）上海）A.the thief having caught B.catch the thiefC.the thief being caught D.the thief to be caughtC12.Mr.Smith,_ of the _speech,started to read a novel.（03 03 北京春）北京春）北京春）北京春）A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring1.-Let me tell you something about the journalists.-Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday?（99上海）A.told B.telling C.to tell D.to have told.When _,the museum will be open to the public next year.（02 上海）上海）A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completedA1.What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.（98上海上海）A.his not allowing B.his not being allowedC.his being not allowedD.having not been allowedB1.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand in the pocket of a passenger.（04 北京）北京）A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting17._ in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.（04 北京）北京）A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waitedC18._ time,hell make a first-class tennis player.（03 北京）北京）A.Having given B.To give C.Giving D.GivenD19.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.（02 上海）上海）A.to solving,making B.to solving,madeC.to solve make D.to solve,madeB20.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.（NMET 02）A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begunD巩固练习：巩固练习：1（MET90）Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa Ainvited Bto invited Cbeing invited Dhas been invited A2（上海春（上海春2002）When _，the museum willbe open to the public next year Acompleted Bcompleting Cbeing completed Dto becompleted 3._the earth to be flat,many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge.A.To believe B.Believing C.Believed D.Being believedAB4.We can t go out in this weather,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having lookedA5.He entered college at the age of fifteen,_four years later at the head of his class.A.graduated B.to have graduated C.graduating D.to graduate 6._ delicious,the noodles _by the old man sell well.A.Tasting;making B.To taste;made C.Tasted;made D.Tasting;made CD20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：（全国（全国I卷）卷）26.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_.A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheB.C.breathingD.beingbreathed（安徽卷）（安徽卷）30._inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked（福建卷）（福建卷）22._inthequeenforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedbehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.AWaitingB.TowaitB.C.HavingWaitedD.Tohavewaited20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：（福建卷）（福建卷）33.Canthose_atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat（湖南卷）（湖南卷）26.Thetrees_inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown（湖南卷）（湖南卷）30._theprojectasplanned,wellhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：（江苏卷）（江苏卷）34.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_asmuchaswecan.A.speak.B.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak（山东卷）山东卷）35.Lucysnewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade_intherestaurant.A.workingB.workB.C.toworkD.worked（江西卷）江西卷）24.IheartheyvepromotedTom,buthedidntmention_whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：(四川卷四川卷)14.Wehadananxiouscoupleofweeks_fortheresultsoftheexperiment.A.waitB.tobewaitingC.waitedD.waiting（浙江卷）（浙江卷）10._thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized（浙江卷）（浙江卷）13.Itisoneofthefunniestthings_ontheInternetsofarthisyear.A.findingB.beingfoundC.tofindD.found20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：（北京卷）（北京卷）24._thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshedlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen（北京卷）（北京卷）31.Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?Yes.But_it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding（北京卷）（北京卷）32.Ifeelitgreatlyhonored_intotheirsociety.A.towelcomeB.welcomingC.tobewelcomedD.welcomed20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：（天津卷）（天津卷）4._theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.A.TothrowB.ThrownC.ThrowingD.Beingthrown（重庆卷）重庆卷）29._toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed(上海卷上海卷)30.Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle_tobalanceit.A.havingtriedB.tryingC.totryD.tried20082008年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：年全国各地高考卷非谓语动词考点：(上海卷上海卷)33.Ifthereisalotofwork_,Imhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A.todoB.tobedoingC.doneD.doing(上海卷上海卷)35.Somethingassimpleas_somecoldwatermayclearyourmindandrelivepressure.A.todrinkB.drinkingC.tobedrinkingD.drunk(上海卷上海卷)37.Ideally_forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests.A.locatingB.beinglocatedC.havingbeenlocatedD.located