高考英语一轮复习常考副词考点分析讲义.docx

高考英语词法精讲：常考副词考点分析一、学习疑问副词必须掌握的三个要点1.疑问副词的用法特点疑问副词有when,where,why, how 等，用于引出特殊疑问句。如:Where did you hide the can opener? 你把开罐器藏哪儿了?When did the world come into being? 世界是何时开始存在的?Why did you choose that one in particular? 你为什么特别挑选了那一个?How did you get to be captain? 你是怎样当上船长的?2.两类易混句型的区别请看以下两句:Where do you think he has gone? 你认为他去什么地方了?Do you know when he will come? 你知道他什么时候来吗?上面第-句为特殊疑问句，第二句为一般疑问句，它们不能倒过来说成D you think where he has gone? When do you know he will come其又别是:可以用yes 或 n0 回答者，用一般疑问句的形式(疑河词放在句中，即句之后)，适合这类向型的主句动词通常know.hear ask.tel等;不能用yes 或 0 回答者，用特殊疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句首)，适合这类句型的主句动词通常有 think,suppose, guess 等。(参见“疑问代词”的有关内容)3.使用疑问副词的注意点(1)疑问副词用于引导特殊疑问句，通常位于句首，但有时也不一定:Without friends where are we? 没有朋友我们会怎样?(2)疑问副词引导特殊疑问句时，其后应接一般疑问句，但有时可有所省略:Why argue with him?为什么要与跟他争吵?Why not ask the teacher? / Why don't you ask the teacher? 为什么不问问老师呢?注:Why 或Why not后接动词原形，不接带to不定式，主要用于现在或将来，不用于过去，如不说 why not tel me yesterday!应改为Why didn't you tell me yesterday?(昨天为什么不告诉我?)(3)有时两个疑问副词连用:When and where were you born? 你牛于何时何地?二、程度副词very, much, very much的用法区别三者均可表示“很”、“非常”，区别如下：1. very 主要修饰形容词或副词。如：The dictionary is very useful. 这本词典很有用。He drove very fast. 他的车开得很快。注：修饰副词 too，要用 much。如：It is much too expensive. 这太贵了。2. much 主要修饰动词。如：She doesnt like him much. 她不太喜欢他。Does she much like him? / Does she like him much? 她很喜欢他吗？注意：much 修饰动词时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句 (见上例)，而不能用于肯定陈述句，除非其前有 very, too, so 等之类的修饰语。如：误：He likes the film much.正：He likes the film very much. 他很喜欢这部电影。单个的 much (即没有修饰语)有时也可能在肯定句修饰动词，但这只限于 regret, admire, prefer, appreciate 等少数动词，且此时的 much 应置于句中，而不是句末。如：We much appreciate your invitation. 我们非常感激你的邀请。3. much 除修饰动词外，还可修饰比较级和最高级以及介词短语等。如：He is much better today. 他今天好多了。This is much the most difficult. 这是最最困难的。Much to my surprise, he was a thief. 使我大为吃惊的是，他是个贼。注：very 有时也可修饰最高级 (注意在句中的位置)。如：This is the very lowest price. 这是最低最低的价格。4. 修饰过去分词，通常用 much，不用 very。但修饰已经转化成形容词的过去分词，或形容词性质较强的过去分词 (如过去分词作定语时)，则可用 very。如：I was much surprised at the news. 听到这个消息我非常吃惊。Her face wore a very surprised expression. 她脸上露出很吃惊的表情。5. very much 是 much 的强调说法，从理论上说，可用 much 的地方，原则上也可 very much。三、高考英语必须掌握的10个连接副词l. besidesbesides用作副词主要表示补充说明，意思是“此外”“而且”。如:I don't want to go shopping. Besides, I haven't got any money. 我不想去购物，再说，我也没有钱。She won't mind your being late -besides, it's hardly your fault. 她不介意你迟到一一况且这也不能说是你的错。2. howeverhowever主要用于转折或对比，意思是“然而”“可是”“但是”。如:Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well 有些粮食作物长得不好，但棉花长得很不错。3. insteadinstead主要表示取而代之，大意是“相对”“而是”，有时需根据具体语境来翻译。如:It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机去吧。4. neverthelessnevertheless 主要表示对比或转折，意思是“尽管如此”“不过”“仍然”。如:There was no news; nevertheless we went on hoping.尽管毫无消息，我们仍抱着希望。5. meanwhile(1)表示时间，意思是“其间”“同时”“在此期间”。如:The fight will be announced soon.Meanwhile please remain seated.航班很快就要广播登机，在此期间请维续坐在座位上。(2) 表示对比，意思是“相比之下”“然而”“而”。如:Stress can be extremely damaging to your health. Exercise, meanwhile, can reduce its effects.乐力会严重损害你的健康，够炼则可以减少这影响。6. moreovermoreover主要表示补充说明，意思是“此外”“而且”，与besides大致同义。如:The firm did the work very well. Moreover, the cost was not too high.这家公司做得十分出色，而目费用也不太高.7.otherwiseotherwise主要表示否定的条件，意思是“否则”“要不然”。如:You'l1 have to go now otherwise you'll miss your bus.你现在得走了，不然你会赶不上公共汽车了。I'd better write it down, otherwise I”l forget it.我最好把它写下来，要不然我会忘记的。8. therefore therefore主要表示结果，意思是“因此”“所以”。如:We were unable to get funding and therefore had to abandon the project. 我们无法筹到资金，因此不得不放弃计划。9. thusthus主要表示结果，意思是“因此”“所以”。如:No decision had been made. and thus the situation remained unclear, 中于没有作出决定，所以事杰并不明朗9. anyway的用法比较复杂，同学们在备考时主要应注意以下五种用法:(1) 表示“尽管如此”“无论如何”，含有despite something else 的意味。如:This idea probably won't work, but let's try it anyway 这个办法可能行不通，不过我们还是试试吧。Her parents were opposed to her giving p her course, but she did it anyway.她父母反对她放弃学业,但她还是没有听。(2) 对前面所说的话起补充作用，或使其听起来无关紧要，意思是“反正”“话又说回来”。如:0f course I don t mind taking you home-I'm going that way anyway.我当然可以把你送回家-反正我也是顺路。(3)用于谈话中表示改变话题，回到原来说的话题或者即将谈到最有趣的话题，意思是“对了”“好吧”“不管怎么说”“无论如何”“再说”。如:I dont have time to go and anyway its too expensive.我没有时间去，而目也太贵了.Anyway, let's leave that for the moment and look at this month's profit figures.好吧，让我们把那个问题放一放，我们来看看本月的利润额(4)用于表示略去一些细节转到下一个主要话题，意思是“总之”。如:I went to college anyway, as a part-time student, paying my own way. 总之我上7大学，半工半读，自食其力。(5)用于限制或纠正前面所说过的话，以使其更准确符合事实，意思是“至少”。如:It's something I cant tell you-not just now,anyway. 这事我不能告诉你，至少现在不行。There seems to have been a technical problem-anyway, that's what they told me. 好像出7个技术故障，至少他们是这么跟我说.学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司