Unit 1 Wish you were here Grammar and usage 语法讲解学案-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册.docx

选择性必修三 Unit1 Wish you were here语法讲解Teaching objectives1.知识目标：学生能够掌握非限制性定语从句的基本含义2.技能目标：学生能够掌握非限制性定语从句的基本运用3.情感目标：学生能够更有信心学习英语Key points, Difficult points1.掌握非限制性定语从句的基本含义2.掌握非限制性定语从句的基本含义Teaching procedures：课前检测1._ adj. 开花的，盛开的，风华正茂的，bloom的现在分词2._ vt. & vi. 展开，打开，展现，开花 (反义词：fold 折叠，裹) 3._ n. 领土，领地，版图，领域，范围，地区，区域 4._ n. 山谷，溪谷，流域 5._ n. 冰川 6._ adj. 城市的，城镇的，城市里的，居住在城市的 7._ n. 少数，少数民族，少数群体，少数派，未成年 8._ n. 烹饪，烹饪术，烹调法，菜肴，饭菜，风味 9._ adj. 精力充沛的，富有创新思想的，活跃的，动力的 10._ vt. 品尝，试尝，体验，抽样检验 n. 样品，货样，取样，样本11._ adj. 凯尔特人的，凯尔特语的 n. 凯尔特语 12._ n. 深度，深，深刻，深厚，最深处，深奥 13._ n. 郊区，城外，城郊 14._ adj. 植物学的，植物的 15._ adj. 克拉维斯的 n. 克拉维斯 16._ n. 毛毯，厚层，床毯，覆盖物，覆盖层 vt. 覆盖，笼罩 17._ n. 曲棍球，冰球运动，冰球，冰上曲棍球 18._ n. 侄女，外甥女 19._ n. 福祉，安康，幸福，康乐，福利，福利事业 20._ adj. 围绕的，环绕的，周围的，附近的 21._ n. 和谐，协调，融洽，部分与整体之间或各部分之间的和谐有序22._ n. 教堂，礼拜，敬拜 23._ n. 规则，法规，道德准则，行为规范，密码，电码，代码 24._ n. 雕像，塑像，雕塑 25._ n. 纪念品，纪念物 26._ n. 古董，古物，古玩 adj. 古董的，古玩的，古老的 27._ n. 花瓶，装饰瓶 28._ n. 由风吹积而成的沙丘 29._ n. 谷粒，谷物，粮食，谷类作物 30._ n. 户外烧烤，烤架，烤炉，烧烤， 烤肉 vt. 烤 31._ n. 泥；烂泥；泥浆，淤泥 32._ n. 边界，边疆，国界，边缘，界限 vi. & vt. 毗连，接壤，与.接壤33._ n. 停车，停车位，停车处 adj. 停车的 34._ n. 砖，砖块，砖材，积木，砖块状物，可靠的人 35._ vt. 星星点点地布满，点缀，打点 n.点，小圆点，小数点 36._ n. 火腿，火腿肉 37._ n. 香肠，腊肠，香肠状物 38._ n. 串，束，捆，大量39._ n. 徒步旅行，远足，提高 vi. & vt. 徒步旅行，远足，去徒步旅行，提高40._ n. 液体，液态物 adj. 液体的，液态的，流质的 41._ adj. 北极的，北极区的，极冷的，寒冷的 42._ n. 狐，狐狸，狡猾的人43._ adj. 极地的，完全相反的44._ n. 羊羔，羔羊，羔羊肉，温顺的人 45.free sample_ 46.off the beaten track_ e as no surprise_ e down to._ 49.make ones way to._ 50.beat down_ 51.consist in._ 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句就是不起限制性作用的定语从句。它和限制性作用的定语从句的区分在书写的形式上表现为：非限制性定语从句和它修饰的名词、代词或句子用逗号隔开。如：The boys reached an island separated from the outside world, where they believed lots of treasure was hidden somewhere.We all know clearly the immediate future, beyond which, however, it is hard to tell what lies.Our friendship was hatched back in 1995, since when we have kept in touch with each other.More and more people go jogging in the morning, whose benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen.The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17% in just one year. He is addicted to computer games, which are harmful to his studies.He was seriously ill when he was young, which made him lose his sight.As is known to all of us, the Great Wall is a pride to the Chinese people.Most people in China play pingpong, which makes it popular in China. 非限制性定语从句不起限制性作用，对它所修饰的名词、代词或句子进行补充和说明，相当于一个并列句或两个简单句，但非限制性定语从句让整个句子显得简洁。如：Peter, whose cooking interests people from far and wide, was once young Chef of the Year.=Peter was once young Chef of the Year. His cooking interests people from far and wide.=Peter was once young Chef of the Year, and his cooking interests people from far and wide.Most people get up late in the morning on weekends, when the cleaners still have much work to do.=Most people get up late in the morning on weekends and the cleaners still have much work to do then.=Most people get up late in the morning on weekends. The cleaners still have much work to do then.对比：I cant afford a house that/which has a big garden.(我买不起有大花园的房子。)He bought a house, which has a big garden.(我买了台房子。这房子有个大花园。)由于非限制性定语从句不起限制性作用，对它所修饰的名词、代词或句子进行补充和说明，所以在whom,which前有介词或有some/many/all of等修饰表示整体的部分或所有时，就常用非限制性定语从句。My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.Lao Wang has three sons, two of whom are working in Beijing.Mark Twain wrote many novels, one of which is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.要注意这种非限制性定语从句和独立主格结构、并列句及语段的区分：Lao Wang has three sons, two of whom are working in Beijing.=Lao Wang has three sons, two of them working in Beijing.= Lao Wang has three sons; two of them are working in Beijing.= Lao Wang has three sons. Two of them are working in Beijing.Mark Twain wrote many novels, one of which is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.=Mark Twain wrote many novels, one of them being The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.=Mark Twain wrote many novels; one of them is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.=Mark Twain wrote many novels. One of them is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.这种非限制性定语从句也可能出现“介词关系代词化的关系副词” 引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句的实际运用中还会出现像“in which case, during which time, since when, in whose”等具体语境的类似“介词关系代词化的关系副词”的短语引导非限制性定语从句。如：(1) She hid herself behind the door, from where she could see the girl clearly.这里的where相当于behind the door。如果把where换成which，就变成从门上看，意义上就错误了。英语中没有双介词加关系代词引导非限制性定语从句的现象。(2) New bamboo shoots appear from around the roots of the old ones, from where they grow higher and higher.(3) He may win the match tonight, in which case he may be admitted to the national team. = He may win the match tonight. In that case he may be admitted to the national team.(4) With the development of agriculture, the people, in whose village he taught English ten years ago, have led a happy life.(5) He studied in Nantong University between 1994 and 1998, during which time he made many friends.= He studied in Nantong University between 1994 and 1998. During the time he made many friends.(6)I came to Nantong in 1983, since when great changes have taken place here. = I came to Nantong in 1983. Since then great changes have taken place here.以上六句话是非限制定语从句中常出现的难句。在进行了以上对比分析后，难句不难。英语中，不是所有的关系代词和关系副词都可用来引导非限制定语从句。关系代词that和关系副词why不可用来引导非限制定语从句。关系代词用来引导非限制定语从句即使作宾语也不能省略。The girl, who loves sports, is a student.He bought a new bike, which was very nice.The students, who/whom a teacher treats as his or her own children, always learn quickly.在学习和使用非限制定语从句时要注意which和as的区别。as引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后, 也可放在主句中间，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect等。As I expected, he got the first place again in this midterm examination.Pingchao is a beautiful town, as we all know.which和as一样，也可以修饰整个句子，但有区别：当非限制性定语从句为否定句时，常用which引导。Tom drinks a lot everyday, which his wife doesnt like at all.which引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句只能放在句尾，而as引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句尾或句中。Li Ping is good at English, as we all know.As is known to all of us, the Great Wall is a pride to the Chinese people.Most people in China play pingpong, which makes it popular in China. which在引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句中一般作行为动词的主语。Mr. Lee teaches English in a lively and interesting way, which benefits his students greatly.在很多情况下，which引导的修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句可以用现在分词来改写，变化成结果状语。Mr. Lee teaches English in a lively and interesting way, which benefits his students greatly.=Mr. Lee teaches English in a lively and interesting way, benefiting his students greatly.He was seriously ill when he was young, which made him lose his sight.=He was seriously ill when he was young, making him lose his sight.根据句境用正确词填空，每空一词。Xiangyang, (1)_ lies in the heart of Sunshine Town, is the best place for a holiday. And the Ruiying Hotel, (2)_ is the only hotel in Xiangyang, is the best place to stay at.The street, (3)_ the hotel lies, is quiet and clean. Most people get up late in the morning on weekends, (4)_ the cleaners still have much work to do. The cleaners keep the street clean and beautiful.Ruiying, (5)_ bought this small hotel three years ago, has already won a lot of praise for excellence. The guests, (6)_ Ruiying treats as members of her family always come here for meals. Some of (7)_ once stayed at the hotel and said it was “great”. (8)_ visitors come to Sunshine Town, Xiangyang and its Ruiying Hotel will not disappoint them.答案课前检测：1.blooming 2.unfold 3.territory 4.valley 5.glacier6.urban 7.minority 8.cuisine 9.dynamic 10.sample11.Celtic 12.depth 13.suburb 14.botanical 15.Clovis 16.blanket 17.hockey 18.niece 19.welfare 20.surrounding21.harmony 22.church 23.code 24.statue 25.souvenir26.antique 27.vase 28.dune 29.grain 30.barbecue31.mud 32.border 33.parking 34.brick 35.dot36.ham 37.sausage 38.bunch 39.hike 40.liquid41.Arctic 42.fox 43.polar 44.lamb 45.免费样品46.人迹罕至，罕见，打破常规，不落俗套，远离闹市 47.没什么好惊讶的，不足为奇，毫不奇怪 48.归结为，可归纳为. 49.去.，前往. 50.阳光强烈照射，曝晒，击倒 51.存在于非谓语动词：1.which 2.which 3.where 4.when 5.who 6.whom/who 7.them 8.When/If5学科网（北京）股份有限公司