高考英语3500词汇表达 阅读训练 (DAY 14) 含答案解析.doc

2022高考英语3500词汇表达+阅读训练（DAY 14）目录内容Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达Section B阅读理解强化训练Section C七选五综合练习Section A高频词汇讲解以及短语表达1. medal n. 勋章，奖章 vi. 获奖章；vt. 授予奖章常用短语：gold medal 金牌silver medal 银牌bronze medal 铜牌2. magical adj. 魔术的；有魔力的3. replace vt. 取代，更换；归还；把放回原处常用短语：replace with 替换为；以代替replace by 取代；以代替4. gymnastic adj. 体操的，体育的5. host n. 主人；主持人；许多 vt. 主持；当主人招待 vi. 群集；做主人常用短语：a host of 许多，一大群；众多，大量host country 东道国；主办国；所在国host family 寄宿家庭；接待留学生的家庭play host to 招待6. responsibility n. 责任，职责；义务常用短语：sense of responsibility 责任感，责任心take responsibility for 对负责bear responsibility for 对负有责任相关词汇：responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的responsibly adv. 负责地，可信赖地respond v. 回答；作出反应；承担责任 n. 应答；唱和7. advertise vt. 通知；为做广告；使突出 vi. 做广告，登广告；作宣传常用短语：advertise sth. 为（产品）做广告;宣传advertise for 登广告招募，登广告征求8. poster n. 海报，广告；招贴9. stadium n.运动场； 体育场10. regular adj. 定期的；有规律的；合格的；整齐的；普通的 n. 常客；正式队员；中坚分子 adv. 定期地；经常地常用短语：regular bus 班车11. physical adj. 物理的；身体的；物质的；根据自然规律的 n. 体格检查常用短语：physical education 体育课physical quality 身体素质physically and mentally 身心12. gymnasium n. 体育馆；健身房13. one after another 接连地；一个接一个地14. bargain n. 交易；便宜货；契约 v. 讨价还价；议价；(谈价钱后)卖常用短语：bargain with 讨价还价；与讨价还价bargain for 指望；想以廉价买bargain on 成交；商定；指望in the bargain 此外；外加bargain over the price 讲价；讨价还价bargain away 廉价脱手；议价出售15. volunteer n. 志愿者 adj. 志愿的vi. /vt. 自愿常用短语：volunteer to do 自愿做16. in charge 负责，主管；在看管下17. foolish adj. 愚蠢的；傻的词语辨析：silly “傻”，着重头脑简单，不懂事，有单纯，糊涂的意味stupid 着重生理迟钝，反应迟钝foolish “蠢”，着重缺乏智力或判断力18. admit vt. 承认；准许进入；可容纳 vi. 承认；容许常用短语：admit of 容许有 ; 容许 ; 有的余地 ; 有余地admit into 接受 ; 收容 ; 准许进入19. compete vi. 竞争；比赛；对抗常用短语：compete with sb. for sth. （与）争夺（以获取）词语辨析：contend 指为战胜或击败对手进行不懈努力，强调拼搏。也可指口头上进行有对立情绪或严重分歧的争论rival 指在两方或多方的竞争或比赛中，谁都想战胜或比得上对手contest 指为争夺土地、阵地、权力或荣誉等而展开的竞争compete 普通用词，含义广泛。既可指体育活动等活动中争取优胜的相互竞争，也可指为了自己的利益与他人竞争19. fine adj. 好的；优良的；细小的，精美的；健康的；晴朗的 n. 罚款 vt. 罚款；澄清 adv. 很好地；精巧地常用短语：in fine 最后；总而言之fine for 因而罚款20. as well 也， 还有Section B阅读理解强化训练Passage 1Two books have been developed to help designers,developers and homeowners make it easier and safer for the blind to find their way to,into and through buildings and large public spaces.The books were created by the Cooperative Research Centre for Construction Innovation (建筑创新),a programme which helps solve the problem of finding ways around buildings and public spaces.Construction Innovation CEO Keith Hampson says any wayfinding system is more than just signs.“It includes buildings,inside design and lighting,” Keith says.He says people having problems with their eyesight use these communicative signs to make moving around spaces easier.For example,a good sign may include tactile (可感触到的) lettering Braille and a tactile ground surface.The project won the 2007 Disability Action Week Award for Building Accessible Housing and Environments.“The project has received increased national attention since the award last year,” Keith says.“Most importantly however,we have helped to raise the awareness and need for a wayfinding system across the building and construction industry.”The Department of Public Works was a key member in the project.Team leader Ron Apelt says people with eyesight problems are often forgotten in the planning and design of buildings and public open spaces.“Our books are mainly for new buildings and the immediate spaces surrounding these buildings,” Ron says.“However,the books can also be used for any plans for old buildings and improving wayfinding around places such as universities,hospitals and schools.”“They can also be used in busy spaces like shopping centres as the design ideas remain unchanged no matter what the spaces and places are like.”1.What are the books mentioned in the text about?A.How to improve eyesight.B.How to build high-quality houses.C.How to make buildings blind-friendly.D.How to develop a good sense of direction.2.What does the wayfinding system include according to Keith?A.A flat ground surface.B.Signs that can be touched.C.Spaces that are wide enough.D.Lighting thats not too strong.3.What has happened since the project won the award?A.More blind people are getting help.B.More people are trying to win the award.C.More people are realising the systems importance.D.More people are interested in the construction industry.4.What does Ron think of the books?A.They are of little real use.B.They will never be forgotten.C.They came as no surprise to the public.D.They will make a good guide for builders.Passage 2In 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages;the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors,often with something like “By a lady.”Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age,from 1837 to 1901;today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social,political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it is possibleand important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress . A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.Section C七选五综合练习Passage 3Apologizing the Right Way to a FriendWhy are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most difficult thing you do. But we all make mistakes, so you'll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize. Perhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly. _1_. Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation._2_. First, you acknowledge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives your sincerity as a friend. _3_， but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize.Now, what are elements of a proper apology? _4_， depending on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the following: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “I'm sorry” or “I apologize”. Here are things never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you don't think you did. _5_， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across. You'll really need to selfreflect so you can see things from your friend's point of view.AWhen you make your apology in personBIf you really believe you did nothing wrongCApologies benefit friendships in a variety of waysDThe way you apologize is going to be slightly differentEOr maybe you just didn't show support when you needed toFApologizing the right way, however, may take a little practiceGSometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong参考答案Passage 11.C由第一段中的“make it easier and safer for the blind to find their way to,into and through buildings and large public spaces”可知,这两本书指导人们如何将建筑物建造得方便盲人出入。2.B由第三段中的“For example,a good sign may include tactile lettering Braille”可知,这个系统包括可触摸的标识。3.C由第四段中的“Most importantly however,we have helped to raise the awareness and need for a way finding system across the building and construction industry.”可知,获奖使得更多人意识到这一系统的重要性。4.D由最后两段中提到的这两本书在不同地方的可参考性可以推断,Ron认为这两本书是很好的指南类书籍。Passage 21.根据文章第一段的最后一句“Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.”可知,在当时,小说被认为是愚蠢的、不道德的或极坏的。也就是说,是毫无价值的。故选C项。2.根据文章第二段的倒数第二句“Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.”可知,狄更斯的伟大是毋庸置疑的。下文与Mona Lisa做比较,正是为了强调其在文学史上的重要地位。故选D项。3.根据文章最后一段的最后一句“But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches.how he made himself a lasting one.”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念伟大的作家狄更斯,故选A项。Passage 31E根据空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。2C空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。3G根据空后的“but that doesn't mean we still shouldn't apologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。4D根据空后的“depending on. who you are apologizing to”可知，D项“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。5B根据空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。