高考英语一轮复习 语法专题复习——现在进行时.doc
高考英语语法专题复习现在进行时1.现在进行时的概念现在进行时表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。2. 现在进行时的动词现在分词的变化规则(1) 动词若以-e结尾,分两种:以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词要去掉 e 再加 ing。如:useusing,dancedancing,havehaving,loveloving, makemaking, rideriding ,datedating, skate skating ,guideguiding,write writing ; 如果字母e 发音的情况则不去seeseeing。(2) 在以ie结尾的动词后,改ie为y,再加-ing。如:gie-gying,hie-hying, pie-pying, vie lielying, diedying, tietying. (3) 一般在动词后加-ing。如:gogoing , standstanding , sleepsleeping,eateating , singsinging ,drinkdrinking, saysaying, playplaying, studystudying, teach teaching, blowblowing, buildbuilding. (4) 在以-ck 结尾的动词后加-king。如:picnicpicnicking, panicpanicking. (5) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing。如:putputting , run running ,stopstopping ,swimswimming , shopshopping, jogjogging,sit sitting ,getgetting, beginbeginning, regretregretting, planplanning.3.现在进行时的句型结构(1)现在进行时由“am / is / are + 现在分词”构成, 表示说话时正在进行的动作,常和now,this week,at the moment,right now等时间状语连用,有时和动词如look,listen等连用,表示“现在”这一概念:如: I'm going to bed. 我要睡觉了。I'm working at junior school. 我在小学工作。 He is eating on the table. 他在桌上吃饭。 Now they are producing throwaway razors. 他们正在生产一次性剃须刀。 They are having a physical relationship. 他们有着性关系。 Apparently they are getting divorced soon. 看样子,他们很快就要离婚。 They are looking at the Great Wall. 他们正在观看长城。 (2)现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。现阶段正在进行着的动作,不一定指说话时正在进行着的动作,而是某个大的范围时间。常和at present(目前),this week(本周),these days(这几天)等时间状语连用,现在进行时的构成是:主语+be动词(am /is /are)+动词ing形式现在分词 :At present we're gleaning information from all sources. 目前我们正从所有渠道慢慢收集信息。 What are you doing this week? 你这个星期都在做些什么? They are watching television these days. 这些日子他们一直看电视。 (3)表示当前的动向和状况People are getting less tolerant of mouse these days.如今人们对老鼠较为难以容忍了。Foods are costing more these days.如今食物越来越贵了。4.现在进行时的被动语态(1)有些动词进行时的主动形式就可以表示被动的意思,常见的这些动词有: print, cook, fry, bake, burn, hang.如:The book is in its sixth printing. 这本书是第六次被印刷了。 The cake is baking. 蛋糕正在被烘焙中。 The bag is burning.这个包被烧了。The dinner is cooking.晚餐正在被烹饪中。A picture is hanging on the wall. 一幅画被挂在墙上。 (2)在be + under / in/on +n. 的结构可以表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。The situation is under control. 局面得到了控制。 = The situation is being controlled .His position as leader is under threat. =His position as leader is being threated. 他的领导职位受到威胁。 The project is under discussion now. = The project is being discussed now.这个计划正在被讨论中。5.重复的动作副词always(表示屡次),repeatedly(再三地),forever(老是、不断地)等可与进行时连用,表示不断重复的动作:Girls are always chasing him. 姑娘们总是在追求他。 That phone's always ringing. 那个电话总是响个不停。 He's always cutting class. 他总是旷课。 He's always paying me compliments. 他总是夸奖我。 They're forever bitching about everybody else. 他们总是在埋怨其他的每个人。 She's forever going on about how poor they are. 她老是没完没了地讲他们有多穷。 6.肯定句和否定句的形式肯定句:主语+be动词(am /is /are)+动词ing+其他。 否定句:主语+be动词(am /is /are)+not+动词ing+其他。 We're not taking on any new clients at present. 目前我们不接收新客户。 And we're not talking about losing just a few species. 我们并不只是在讨论某些物种。 We're going to Yin Dong swimming pool. 我们去银洞游泳池。 We're going away in the summer. 夏天我们要外出。 We're taking a trip to Montana. 我们要去一趟蒙大拿州。 7.be动词的现在进行时being,be动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为对方所做的行为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、伪装的。The movie is being shown now. 这部影片目前正在上映。 The new drug is being used experimentally on some patients. 这种新药正由某些病人试用。 My son is being bullied at school. 我儿子在学校里受欺负。 The band is being tipped for the top. 人们说这支乐队将位居榜首。 Extensive repair work is being carried out. 大规模的修缮工作正在进行。 A new bypass around the city is being built. 一条绕城而过的新旁路正在修建之中。