人教版中考英语专题复习——宾语从句 学案.doc

中考英语专题复习宾语从句（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句连词宾语从句（主语谓语）”句式。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：I reckon (that) I'm going to get that job. 我认为我会得到那份工作。He became more aware of the things that started that tension off. 他对造成那些紧张气氛的因素更加清楚了。I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon. 我说过那天下午我要去买东西。He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想待在家里。I'm surprised that you of all people should say that. 所有人当中你竟然那么说，真让我吃惊！She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.她不知道她病得很严重。I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon. 我说过那天下午我要去买东西。I am sure (that) he will succeed.我确定他会成功。2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：You know who I'm referring to. 你知道我指的是谁。I'm not certain who was there. 我无法确定谁当时在场。Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?你知道他在等谁吗？He asked where I lived. 他问我住在哪里。We couldn't think where you'd gone. 我们猜想不出来你到哪里去了。Can you guess where I've been? 你能猜出我去什么地方了吗？He asked whose handwriting was the best.他问谁的书法最好。Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?你能告诉我在哪里做第三路车吗？Explain why you didn't telephone. 解释一下你为什么不打电话。I'm baffled why she hasn't called. 我不明白她为什么没打电话。I dont know why the train is late.我不知道为什么火车来晚了。3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：You can go if you want.如果你想走就走吧。I'll help you if you're stuck. 你要是难住了，我来帮你。You may come if you wish. 如果你愿意可以来。I want to know if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住在那里。I can't work if I'm cold. 我要是觉得冷就干不了活。I'm damned if I'll apologize! 我决不道歉！I asked whether they could change my ticket. 我问他们是否可以给我换票。I'm going whether you like it or not. 不管你愿意不愿意，我都要走了。It remains to be seen whether his project will fly. 他的计划能否成功尚需拭目以待。All she's worried about is whether he is all right. 她所担心的只有他是否都好。He asked me whether (if) I could help him.他问我是否可以帮助他。（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：People eat when they're depressed. 人们会在沮丧时吃东西。Time flies when you're having fun. 当你开心的时候，时光飞逝。Describe how you did it. 谈谈你是怎样做这事的。I'm learning how to budget. 我正在学习怎样编制预算。I hear (that) physics isnt easy. 我听说物理并不容易学。I think (that) you will like this school soon.我想你会喜欢上这所学校。Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?你能告诉我如何去去动物园吗？Please tell me when well have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会。（三）宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。I dont think (that) you are right.我不认为你是对的I think (that) you are wrong.我认为你是错的。I think (that) you are very beautiful我觉得你很漂亮。Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪里。He'll go loopy when he hears! 他听了会气坏的！Call me when you've finished. 你完成后就打电话给我。Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what time it was.他问我几点了。He once told me that he won the Olympic championship.他曾告诉我他得过奥运冠军。He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.他告诉我他在准备运动会。He asked if you had written to Peter.他问你是否给皮特写信了。He thought he had been recognized by everyone for a long time.他原以为他早就获得了大家的认可。He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.他那时候说他将要回美国了。3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：The textbook mentions that the sun is a star in the Milky way.教科书中提到太阳是银河系中的一颗恒星。The geography teacher said that the moon is a satellite of the earth.地理老师说月球是地球的一颗卫星。Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们的老师说一月是一年中的第一个月。Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 科学家已经证实地球围绕太阳旋转。Dad told me that tides are caused by the gravity of the moon.爸爸告诉我潮汐现象是由月球引力引起的。注意：运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require;坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气：（should）+v（原形） 例句： They advise that a passport should be carried with you at all times. 他们建议护照要随时带在身边。I suggest you should see a doctor as soon as possible.我建议你应该尽快去看看医生。I suggested that you（should）study hard 我建议你应该努力学习。The teacher asked you to go to school early to report, otherwise the time will be delayed.老师要求你早点去上学报到，不然时间就耽误了。He ordered that we (should )go out at once 他命令我们立即出去。【专题训练】1. Do you know _ now?A. where is Tom working B. where did Tom workC. where Tom is working D. where Tom worked2.Could you please tell me_ the tent last week?Sorry , Ive no idea.A. how much did she spend on B. how much did she pay forC. how much she spent on D. how much she pay for3.Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space Museum? -Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. whereB. howC. ifD. why4. Let me explain _ I did it.A. whatB. whenC. whyD. where5. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. Its about _.A. how did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terror（恐怖统治）B. what did Alice end the Red Queens reign of terrorC. how Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terrorD. what Alice ended the Red Queens reign of terror6. People matter because of _ they are, not what they have. A. whenB. howC. whereD. what7.What did your parents thank about your decision? They always let me do _I think I should.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what8. I want to know _.A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9. Would you please tell me _? At 10:00 this evening. A. when will the movie start B . when the movie will start C. when does the movie start D . where the movie will start 10.Could you tell me_? Fill in this form and I will give you a card.A. how to reserve a room B. where reserve a roomC. when to reserve a room D. go to reserve a room答案：1-5 CCBCC 6-10 DDABA