中考英语专题复习--祈使句考点汇总.docx
中考英语专题复习-祈使句考点汇总一、祈使句的类型1.Do型:动词原形.;Dont+动词原形.。如:Stop playing football. Dont play football.2.Be型:Be+表语.;Dont+ be+表语.。如:Be careful. Dont be afraid.3.Let型:Let+宾语+宾语补足语.;Dont + let+宾语+宾语补足语;Let sb. not do sth.。如:Let me go home.Dont let him go.Let him not go.肯定祈使句的常见句型结构:Do型:动词原形+宾语+其他.如:Open the door, please.Be型:Be+表语.如:Be a good boy!Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. (或:Lets+动词原形+其他.)如:Let me help you.Lets play tennis.否定祈使句的常见句型结构:Do型和Be型的否定式:Dont+动词原形 / be+其他.如:Dont forget me.又如:Dont be late.Let型的否定式:Dont+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.(或:Lets+not+动词原形+其他)如:Dont let him go back.Lets not go swimming.警示语:No+名词 / 动词-ing形式.如:No talking.二、祈使句的运用“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”是一种很常见的句型,其中的并列连词有and(then)或or else,otherwise等,但比较常用的是and和or。例如:1. Work hard and you will pass the examination2. Hurry up or(else) youll be late该句型中的祈使句相当于一个条件,而陈述句则相当于一个结果,也就是说,这种句型转换成一个含有条件从句的主从复合句。例如以上两个句子可以改写为:3. If you work hard,you will pass the examination4. If you dont hurry up,youll be late这种句型还有一种变式:名词词组+并列连词+陈述句。例如:5. A bit more effort and the problem will be worked out三、常考的四个考点“祈使句+并列连词十陈述句”不仅是一种很常见的句型,也是高考试题中的一个测试热点。对该句型的测试通常表现为下列几个方面:A、考查并列连词的选用1. Read this story, _ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.2Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, _ you could have problems分析:答案1. and2. or 。在“祈使句(或名词词组)+并列连词+陈述句”句型中,如陈述句表示的是说话者所希望果时,就用and(then);如陈述句表示的是说话者所不希望的后果时,就用or(else)或otherwise。在这种句型中,通常不得使用其他的并列连词(如so,therefore或but等)。B、考查陈述句中动词的时态3. Close the door of fear behind you,and you _(see)the door of faith open before you4. Ten minutes earlier,and they _ (catch )the plane分析:答案3. will see4. would have caught 。一般来说,在“祈使句(或名词词组)+并列连词+陈述句”句型中,陈述句中的谓语动词常用一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。但当该句型中的“祈使句(或名词词组)”表示非真实条件时,陈述句中的动词则需要用“wouldshouldcouldmight+动词原形或动词完成式”。C、考查句型之首的祈使句的运用5(2016全国卷) whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.6Cheer up! _ (take)things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life分析:答案5. make6. Take。此两题貌似测试非谓语动词的用法。但仔细地阅读题干后,你就会发现此两题的目的都是考查句型“祈使句(或名词词组)+并列连词+陈述句”。D、与其他句式混合测试7_and the housing problems for low-income families in this area could be settledAIf we double our efforts BUnless we make every effortCMake more efforts DMaking greater efforts8_,I believe,and you will find the boy is very outgoingAHaving a talk with the student BOne talk with the studentCGiven a talk with the student DIf you have a talk with the student分析:答案7. C8. B。由于“祈使句(或名词词组)+并列连词+陈述句”句型中的“祈使句或名词词组”部分位于该句型之首,因此为了测试考生识别、理解和运用该句型的能力,命题人就会故意增加题干的长度(如在题干中加进插人语或加入其他从句等)或在选项中出现诸如非谓语动词、状语从句甚至完整的句子等形式,以“混淆视听”,从而达到迷惑考生的目的。“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”句型本身是由“祈使句”、“并列连词”、“陈述句”三部分构成,算得上是一个较为复杂的结构,再加上“祈使句”部分又可以变换成“名词词组”,就使得该句型的测试变得更加多样化。稍不留神,考生就会出错。因此,在平时的练习中,练习者要认真审题,认真分析句子结构,并根据上下文语境,作出正确判断。学科网(北京)股份有限公司