英语中考题型之语法填空讲解及练习 .docx

语法填空特点：语篇型题（语篇以情感故事为主体，适当有其他的文体），10题，10分。给出150-200字的一段短文或对话，段落中给出10个填空，一部分填空是给出单词提示，填写它的正确词形；一部分填空是结合上下文直接填词。首句不挖空，保持第一句的完整性。每空填写单词的数量以一个为主，不多于3个单词。考察 阅读理解语篇，分析句子结构，熟练运用语法，正确拼写单词的能力解题思路：1.学会分析句法结构 2.熟练运用语法知识方法：1. 纯空格试题首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。具体分析方法有：缺主语或宾语，填人称代词。 例 When we arrived, _ got dark. (it)名词或“形容词+名词”前是空格，填冠词、形容词性物主代词或some，any，other(s)，another等限定词。 例 I found a lady whose house fell down. _ son was missing and many people around her said there was no chance that he was alive. (Her)名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。例 I met a young boy _ a serious illness. (with)关联词当空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词例 She asked _he needed some flowers. (if)2. 有提示词类句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。例She _(see) wars, earthquakes and death. But she has never seen courage, hope and happiness. (has seen)当句中已经有谓语动词又没有并列连词，应该用非谓语动词（doing,to do,done等形式）。非谓语动词的形式要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。例 But she went on _（drive）fast. (driving)3. 词类转换题根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。例 He couldnt walk to the_(near) hotel, so he took a taxi. (nearest)例 Put the juice and milk together. It tastes_(great). (great)作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。例 Jack always makes _(mistake) in grammar. (mistakes)在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。例 They talked about the _(safe) and the color of the school bus. (safety)例 He made a huge _ (different) to peoples lives. (difference)修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。例 The man ran away with her handbag as_(quick) as they could. (quickly)解题技巧：1. 根据语法知识进行填充2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充3. 根据语篇标志进行填充如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示逻辑关系的有because, so，although等；表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系很有帮助。4. 根据固定词组进行填充熟练掌握一些常见的词组，如 be proud of, by the way, come from, take care of等，对解题很有帮助。 5. 根据句型搭配进行填,就是根据一些常用的句型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to do sth.等来解题。6. 根据词汇知识进行填充7. 指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记：只能接词的-ing形式作宾语的动词，只能接to do作宾语的动词，接to do作补语的动词，接do作补语的动词，接doing或done作补语的动词，对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语，等等。8. 根据生活常识进行填充语法填空（一） Have you ever been cycling (骑自行车运动)? This spring my elder brother and I _(spend) a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode _ (slow) along because we hadn't come to break any speed records, or to do sports. We just wanted _ (get) some fresh air and a break from schoolwork. We really had a great time _ (ride) along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that made us happy: every few_(kilometer) there was a village where we could find everything we needed. All the local people were really friendly. However, _ the second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes (刹车) started making _ noise, but I didn't mind at all. At midnight we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired _ we set off the next morning, but soon felt cheerful when the sun came out. What we enjoyed _ (our) most about cycling is it's simple and fun. I think nothing is _ (good) than cycling if you're looking for a break that is active and cheap.Why not have a try?语法填空（二） It was Sunday. Jack went to a barbers shop(理发店) to have (he) hair cut. But he was not happy with the result. While he (walk) along the street, he met his friend Bob. “What has happened to your hair?” Bob laughed and said. “I had bad day today! I didnt like my old hairstyle I went to a new barbers shop. But this one seems even (bad) than before. You know, I am going to a party tonight.” Jack said (sad). “Oh, thats really a problem. Now Ill tell you what (do) when you go into a barbers shop next time: have a look all the barbers hair, find out hair looks worst, and ten go straight to him.” “Why?” Jack asked. “Who cut that (man) hair? He couldnt cut it himself, could he? Another barber cut it. So you know he cant be the worst barber.” Bob said.【答案】（一）1. spent 2. slowly 3. to get 4. riding 5. kilometers6. on7. a 8. when9. ourselves10. better（二）1. his2. was riding3. a4. so5. worse 6. sadly7. to do8. at9. whose10. mans4学科网（北京）股份有限公司