Unit5 Words and expressions单词派生词词汇语法点拓展 高二英语人教版选修八.docx

1. identify v.确认;认出;鉴定identity n.身份;本身identification n.鉴定;辨认;确认 2. alternative n.可供选择的事物/adj.可供替代的alternatively adv.(引出第二种选择或可能的建议)要不;或者alternation n.交替;变换;间隔alternate v.使交替;使轮流 3. archaeology n.考古学archaeological adj.考古的；考古学的archaeologist n.考古学家 4. starvation n.饥饿;挨饿starve v.(使)挨饿;饿死;缺乏的starving adj.饿极了的;饿得慌的 5. tentative adj.不确定的;不肯定的tentatively adv.尝试性地6. accuracy n.准确性accurate adj. 精确的inaccuracy n. 错误；不精确7. interrupt v.打断讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止interruption n.打断;中断 8. acute adj.十分严重的;(疾病)急性的acutely adv.极其;强烈地;acuteness n.剧烈；敏锐 9. assume v.假定;假设;认为;承担assumption n.假定;假设 10. sharpen v.（使）锋利;尖锐;清晰sharp adj.锋利的;尖锐的;强烈的sharply adv.急剧地;突然大幅度地sharpener n.磨具;削具 11. at most 至多，最多at least 至少12. scrape v.刮掉;削去;擦坏scraper n.刮刀;刮削器;铲子 13. ample adj.足够的;丰裕的amply adv.充足地；广大地 14. messy adj.肮脏的;凌乱的;不整洁的mess n.肮脏;杂乱;不整洁 15. primitive adj.原始的;远古的primitively adv.最初地;原始地 16. botany n.植物学botanical adj.植物学的 17. analysis n.分析;分析结果analyses v.分析(analysis的复数)analyze v.分析；研究 18. category n.类别;种类categorical adj.绝对的;无条件的;明确的 19. significance n.意义;重要性;重要意义significant adj.重要的 20. systematic adj.成体系的;系统的system n.体系;方法;制度 21. delete v.删去;删除deletion n.删除 22. academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校academic adj.学术的;学院的 23. receptionist n.接待员reception n.接待处;接待区 24. radioactive adj.放射性的；有辐射的radiation n.辐射；放射物25. division n.分割;划分;分配;分界线divide v.分开;划分 26. applaud v.赞同，喝彩applause n.欢呼,喝彩；鼓掌欢迎;掌声27. accelerate v.(使)加速;加速;加快acceleration n.加速;加快 28. gay adj.欢乐的；欢快的gaily adv.欢乐地；轻松地 29. skillful adj.有技巧的;熟练的skill n.技巧;技能 30. punctuation n.标点符号punctuate v.不时打断;给加标点符号1. alternative have no alternative/ choice but to do sth. 只能做某事；除之外别无选择have nothing to do but do take the alternative of doing sth. 选择做某事an alternative to (doing) 的替代品2. starvation starvestarve for sth. 渴望某物be starved of 缺乏，渴望3. interrupt without interruption 连续地；不断地4. assume assume sb./sth.to be 假定/假设某人/某事为 assume that . 假定/假设 It is assumed that . 被认为 assumption n.make an assumption 认为；假定 on the assumption that 假定 Assuming/Supposing that . 假设/假定5. regardless of (1)regardless of .强调“不认为重要；从而不加以重视或考虑”，而despite和in spite of有“尽管但是”之意。 (2)regardless of后可接whether, what引导的从句，而in spite of和despite后不可接从句。6. cut up 切碎；割碎cut down砍掉，砍倒；缩减，减少，削减cut through剪断，凿穿；抄近路穿过cut out剪下，切掉，割掉；删除；住口cut in插嘴，插入；打断(谈话)cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下，删去；断绝；使分离；打断，(突然)中止cut away去掉；切掉；砍掉7. ample修饰抽象名词、不可数名词或无形的东西。plentiful常用于食物、收获、财产等，不能用于时间、空间、思想等方面；abundant “(数量)充足的”，常用于“人、物产、资源、雨量”等8. significance be of significance/help be significant/helpful有意义/帮助 be of no/little significance 无意义的/无关紧要的 have great significance (for) （对）很重要attach (much) significance to 重视significant adj.It is significant that 很明显9. somehow 用某种方法，不知怎么地，不知为什么somewhat 稍微，有点anyhow (= in any case) 无论如何，不管怎样anyway 无论如何；不管怎样；用任何方式(be/get) fed up with对厌倦；受够了=be bored with = be sick/tired of 10. applaud applaud sb.for sth. 因某事为某人鼓掌 applaud sth. 为某事鼓掌11. arrest arrest sb. for 因而逮捕某人under arrest 被捕arrest ones attention 引起注意12. date back to = date from (+ 时间点)追溯到，从就有 date back (+时间段) 追溯到