初中英语八大时态.pdf
初中英语八大时态初中英语八大时态英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述，其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基处上结合而成的。一、一般现在时:1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2.时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once aweek,on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词 原形(如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加(e)S)4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt，通史还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首;用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。6.例句:.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般过去时:1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.3.基本结构:be 动词;行为动词4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句:was 或 were 放于句首;用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.I didnt know youwere so busy.三、现在进行时:1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。2.时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首。6.例句:How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons.四、过去进行时:1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。2.时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构:was/were+doing4.否定形式:was/were+not+doing.5.一般疑问句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in,I was reading a newspaper.五、现在完成时:1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语:recently,lately,sincefor,in the past few years,etc.3.基本结构:have/has+done4.否定形式:have/has+not+d one.5.一般疑问句:have 或 has。6.例句:Ive written an article.It has been raining these days.六、过去完成时:1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。2.时间状语:before,by the end of last year(term,month),etc.3.基本结构:had+done.4.否定形式:had+not+done.5.一般疑问句:had 放于句首。6.例句:As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books 七、一般将来时:1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.时间状语:tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in a few minutes,by,the day after tomorrow,etc.3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to+do;will/shall+do.4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句:be 放于句首;will/shall 提到句首。6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、过去将来时:1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语:the next day(morning,year),the followingmonth(week),etc.3.基本结构:was/were/going to+do;would/should+do.4.否定形式:was/weret+going to+do;would/should+not+do.5.一般疑问句:was 或 were 放于句首;would/should 提到句首。6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who wasgoing there.
