20-21Module4SectionⅢ Grammar——动名词和不定式作宾语&动名词作主语.pdf

-SectionSection Grammar Grammar动名词和不定式动名词和不定式作宾语作宾语&动名词作主语动名词作主语语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句(教材 P33)Pop art(from the word“popular”)was animportant modern art movement that aimed to show ordinarytwentieth-century city life.(教材 P33)Im studying art at school,and I enjoy it a lot,although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.(教材 P33)My parents are fond of going to art galleries andoften take me with them,so Ive developed an interest in art.(教材 P35)Instead,a picture should attempt to show the“life”of its subject.(教材 P37)Painting is difficult for me.(教材 P37)Learning to paint well takes a long time.语 法 精 要 点 拨一、动名词和不定式作宾语1 1 只跟动名词作宾语的常见动词或短语：suggest,finish,practice,avoid,miss,enjoy,imagine,admit,consider(考虑),escape,risk,mind,stand(忍受)，allow,advise,forbid,permit,put off,give up,keep on,feel like,be used to doing,look forward to,protect/prevent.from 等。We shouldavoid makingavoid making the same mistakes in the exam.我们应该避免在考试中犯同样的错误。We have topreventprevent the air from beingfrom being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。Its quite hot today.Do youfeel like goingfeel like going for a swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？(1)allow,advise,forbid,permit这些动词，如果后面有宾语，则要接动词不定式作宾语补足语。-1.1.例中的介词后接动词-ing形式作宾语。2.2.例中的动词后接不定式作宾语。3.3.例中的动词-ing 形式在句中作主语。后自主感悟-The doctor advised me to take a few days rest.医生建议我休息几天。(2)在下列句型中也要用动名词作宾语：be worth doing.值得做What/How about doing.?做怎么样？have difficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing.做有困难2 2只跟不定式作宾语的动词：afford,agree,decide,determine(决心),expect,aim,afford,hope,manage,refuse,want,wish,offer,promise,pretend等。I cant afford toafford to go on vacation this summer.今年夏天我没钱去度假。He decided to godecided to go abroad for further education.他决定去国外深造。3 3接不定式/动名词时意义差别不大的动词。(1)hate,like,love,prefer 后，表示习惯性或经常性的行为，通常多用动名词作宾语；表示特定的、具体的或一次性的活动时则多用不定式作宾语。I likelike watchingwatching TV,but I dont likelike toto dodo that this evening because I am toobusy.我喜欢看电视，但我不喜欢今晚看，因为我太忙。(2)begin,start,continue 等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时意义差别不大。Tombegan to learn/learningbegan to learn/learning how to use a computer.汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。4 4接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别大的动词。remember to do 记住要做remember doing记得做过forget to do忘记做forget doing忘记做过regret to do遗憾做regret doing后悔做过try to do努力去做try doing试着做-mean to do打算、想要做mean doing意味着go on to do接着做(另一件事)go on doing继续做(同一件事)cant help to do不能帮忙做cant help doing禁不住做The teacher regretted toregretted to tell Tom he didnt pass the exam,and Tom regrettedregrettednot studyingnot studying hard.老师遗憾地告诉汤姆他没通过考试，汤姆后悔没有努力学习。5 5need,require,want 表示“需要”时，后面接动名词，表示被动含义，相当于接不定式的被动形式(to be done)。The condition of this car is so serious.It reallyneeds repairing/to be repairedneeds repairing/to be repairedbefore driving on the road again.这辆车的状况是如此糟糕，它再次上路前确实需要维修一下。即时演练 1完成句子All the staff in our company are considering going(go)to the city centre for thefashion show.Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh，yes.How often I have regretted not taking(not take)his advice!You cant imagine what difficulty we had walking(walk)home in thesnowstorm.二、动名词作主语1 1动名词作主语通常表示一般性、习惯性的动作，且谓语动词一般用单数。Going to Hangzhou by train takesGoing to Hangzhou by train takes about 10 hours from here.从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要 10 个小时。2 2动名词作主语，且主语较长时，为了平衡句子结构，通常用it 作形式主语。常见句式：Its no use/no good doing sth.做某事没有用处/好处Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间的Its useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事是没用的/值得的-It is a waste of time tryingIt is a waste of time trying persuading such a person.试图说服这样的一个人是浪费时间。It is no good eatingIt is no good eating too much sweet food.吃太多的甜食没有好处。名师点津动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。To finish the work in a weekTo finish the work in a week is impossible.一周内完成工作是不可能的。即时演练 2完成句子It is no use complaining(complain)without taking any action.【导学号：68712031】Nodding(nod)the head means saying“yes”in China.Planning so far ahead makes(make)no senseso many things will havechanged by next year.语 法 应 用 落 实.单句语法填空1 1The boy stopped to pick(pick)up a purse on the ground and handed it to apoliceman.2 2Its very nice today.I feel like taking(take)a walk for some fresh air.【导学号：68712032】3 3He never remembered to lock(lock)the door when he went out.4 4My grandfather is a millionaire，but having money does(do)not solve all hisproblems.5 5In order to avoid being caught(catch)by the coming policemen,the thiefquickly jumped out of the window.6 6In my opinion，having(have)a meeting to settle the problem is a proper way.7 7Ill need to know(know)your decision by next week.-8 8As a result of the serious flood,two thirds of the buildings in the area need tobe painted/painting(paint)9 9She remembered seeing(see)him play football an hour ago.1010It is a waste of time discussing(discuss)such matters with him.单句改错1 1Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview.Have the answers ready willbe of great help.HaveHaving2 2 Im sorry I cant help preparing the dinnerI have an importantmeeting.preparingto prepare3 3We agree help the old people do some housework on weekends.help前加 to4 4The day we had been looking forward to coming at ingcame5 5I appreciate your helped me out of the trouble.helpedhelping-