高考英语全国卷七选五-历年真题-doc.pdf

高考英语阅读专题练习 七选五What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speakingWhat is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking.74As you work on expressing your ideas in clear,accurateaccurate language,you willimprove your ability to think clearly and accurately.75As you learn to listencritically to speeches in class.You will be better able to assess the ideas of speakersin a variety of situations.If you take full advantageadvantage of your speech class,you will be able to developyour skills as critical thinker in manycircumstancescircumstances.This is one reason publicspeaking has been regarded as avitalvital part of educationeducation since the days ofancientancientGreece.A.Rather,it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B.This may seem like a lot of time,but the rewards are well worth it.C.It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D.It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world,onlyreorganized ideas.E.If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class,theanswer is quite a lot.F.The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effectivethinker in a number of ways.G.As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking,you willsee how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.MuzakMuzakThe next time you go into a bank,a store,or a supermarket,stop and listen.What do you hear?71Its similar to the music you listen to,but its not exactlythe same.Thats because this music was especiallyespecially designed to relaxrelax you,or to giveyou extra energyextra energy.Sometimes you dont even realizerealize the music is playing,but youreactreact to the music anyway.Quiet background music used to be called elevator(电梯)music becausewe often heard it in elevators.But lately we hear it in more and more places,and ithas a new name MuzakMuzak.About one-third of the people in America listen toMuzak everyday.The music plays for 15 minutes at a time,with shortpausespauses inbetween.It is always more livelylively between ten and eleven in the morning,andbetween three and four in the afternoon,when people are more tired.72If you listen to Muzak carefully,you will probably recognizeprobably recognize the names ofmany of the songs.Some musiciansmusicians or songwriterssongwriters dont want their songs to be usedas Muzak,but others are happy when their songs are chosen.Why?73Music is often played in publicpublic places because it is designed to make peoplefeel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel.It has been provenproven that Muzakdoes what it is designed to do.Tired office workerssuddenlysuddenly have more energy whenthey hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.74Supermarketshoppers buy 38 percent moregroceriesgroceries.75.They say its boring to hear the same songs all the time.But otherpeople enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.They say it helps them relax and feelcalm.One way or another,Muzak affects everyone.Some farmers even say theircows give more milk when they hear Muzak!A.Some people dont like Muzak.B.The music gives them extra energy.C.Music is playing in the background.D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.E.Muzak tends to help people understand music better.F.They get as much as$4 million a year if their songs are used.G.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.EmpathyEmpathyLast year,researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathyempathy,theability to understand other people,among college students haddropped sharplydropped sharply overthe past 10 years._71_ Today,people spend more time alone and are less likely tojoin groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed,a co-directorco-director of a teenteen program,has another explanationexplanation.Turn onthe TV,and youre showered withshowered with news and realityreality shows full offull of people fighting,competingcompeting,and generally treating one anothergenerally treating one anotherwith no respectrespect._72_There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.Humans are sociallysociallyrelatedrelated by naturenature._73_ Researchers have also found that empatheticempathetic teenagersare more likely to have high self-respectself-respect.Besides,empathy can be a curecure forlonelinessloneliness,sadness,anxietyanxiety,and fear.Empathy is also an indicationindication of a good leader.In fact,Freed says,many topcompanies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for innew managers._74_“AcademicsAcademics are important.But if you dont have emotionalemotional(情感的)intelligenceintelligence,you wont be as successful in work or in your love life,”shesays.Whats the best way to up your EQ(情商）?For starters,let down your guardguard andreally listen to others._75_To really develop empathy,youd better volunteervolunteer at a nursing home or a hospital,join a club or a team that has adiverse membershipdiverse membership,have a“sharing circle”withyour family,or spend time caring for pets at an animalsheltershelter.A.Everyone is different,and levels of empathy differ from person to person.B.That could be because so many people have replacedreplaced face time with screenscreen time,the researchers said.C.“One doesnt develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot oftalking,”Freed says.D.Humans learn by exampleand most of the examples on it are anythinganything butbut文档Public speaking and critical thinkingPublic speaking and critical thinkingWhat is critical thinking?To a certain degree,its a matter of logic(逻辑)ofbeing able to spot weaknessesspot weaknessesin other peoples argumentargument and to avoidavoid them in yourown,it also includesrelatedrelated skills such asdistinguishingdistinguishing fact fromfrom opinion andassessingassessing the soundnesssoundness of evidenceevidence.In the broadbroad sense,critical thinking isfocusedfocused,organizedorganized thinkingtheability to see clearly theirrelationshipsrelationshipsamong ideas.71The greatest thinkers,scientists and inventors have often taken their information that wasreadily availablereadily availableand put it together differently to produce new ideas that,too,is critical thinking.72As the class goes on,for example,you will probably spend a gooddeal of time organizing your speeches.While this may seem like a purelymechanicalmechanical(机械的)exercise,it is closelyconnectedconnected with critical thinking.If thestructurestructure of your speech is loose and confused,chances are that your thinking is alsodisordereddisordered and confused.If,on the other hand,the structure is clear,there is a goodchance your thinking is too.Organizing a speech is not a matter of not a matter of arrangingarranging theideas you already have.73empathetic.E.Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else both what theythink and how they feel.F.Good social skillsincluding empathyare a kind of“emotional intelligence”thatwill help you succeed in many areas of life.G.Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human andhaving empathy is decisivedecisive to those relationships.Go to the originaloriginal source.Media reports oftensimplifysimplify the results of medicalresearch.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,anddeterminedetermine whether itwas based on good science.Think about the type of study.72Watch for misleadingmisleading language.Some studies will find that abehaviorbehavior“contributesto”or is“associatedassociated with”an outcomeoutcome;this does not mean that a certaincoursecourse mustlead tolead to a certain resultresult.73Carefully read or listen to information in order tofully understand it.UrbanizationUrbanizationUntil relativelyrelatively recently,the vast majoritymajority of human beings lived and diedwithout ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500years ago.71_.In fact,nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urbansocietysociety in history a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do notfarm for a living.Britain was only the beginning.72_.The process of urbanization the migrationmigration(迁移)of people from the countryside to the city was the resultresult of modernizationmodernization,which has rapidly transformedrapidly transformedhow people live and where they live.In 1990,fewer than 40%of Americans lived in urban areas.Today,over 82%ofAmericans live in cities.Only about 2%live on farms.73.Use your commoncommon sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probablyprobably it is.Beespecially careful of information contained inadvertisementsadvertisements.74Evaluate“scientificscientific”statementsstatements carefully,and be aware of be aware ofquackery(江湖骗术).75Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas andinspirationinspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably andindependentlyindependentlyabout the healthproblems will serve you wellthroughoutthroughout your life.Large cities were impossible until agricultureagriculture became industrializedindustrialized.Even ininadvancedadvanced agricultural societies.It took about ninety-five people on farms tofeedfeed fivepeople in cities._74.Until modern times,those living in cities were mainlyA.Make choice that are right for you.B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.the rulingruling elite(精英)and the servantsservants,laborerslaborers and professionalsprofessionals who served them.Cities survivedsurvived by taxing farmers and were limitedlimited in size by the amount of surplussurplusfood that the rural populationrural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus fromfarm to city.Over the past two centuriescenturies,the Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution has broken this balancebalancebetween the city and the country.75_.Today,insteadinstead ofof needing ninety-fivefarmers to feed five city people,one American farmer is able to feed more than ahundred non-farmers.A.That kept cities very small.B.The rest live in small towns.C.The effectseffects of urban living on people should beconsideredconsidered.D.Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E.But even 200 years ago,only a few people could live in cities.F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G.Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.D.And examine the findings of the original research.E.DistinguishDistinguish between research reports and public health advice.F.Be aware that information may also beincorrectlyincorrectly explained by an authors pointof view.G.The following suggestions can help yousortsort through the health information youreceivereceive from common sources.Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleTips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience,there are three main reasons why people don t cook moreoften:ability,money,and time 36.Money is a topic Ill save for another day.Sotoday I want to give you somewisdomwisdom about how to make the most of the time youspent in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are whenImalready hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the comingEvaluating Sources(Evaluating Sources(来源来源)of health Information)of health InformationMaking good choices about your own healthrequires reasonable evaluationrequires reasonable evaluation.A keyfirst step in betteringbettering your evaluationabilityability is to look carefully at your sources ofhealthy information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to findsrelevantrelevant information,how toseparateseparate fact from opinions,how torecognizerecognize poorreasoningreasoning,and how to analyzeanalyze information and thereliabilityreliability of sources.712.week.When will you have time to cook?Do you have the right materialsalready?37.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make themost of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread?38.It takes around the same amount of time to make more ofsomething.So save yourself the effort for future meal.3.39This may surprise you,but one of the best tools for making cookingworth your time isexperimentationexperimentation.It gives you the chance tohithit upon new文档ideas and recipesrecipesthat canwork well with yourappetiteappetite and schedule.Themore you learn and the more you try,the more ability you have to take controlof your food and your schedule.HopefullyHopefully that gives you a good start.40_ And dont let a busyschedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat andlive!A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.The jobs of the future have not been invented,36 By helping them develop classicskills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.37 Ask kids,“What ingredients (配料)canwe add to make these pancakes even better next time”and then try them out.Didthose ingredients make the pancakes better?What could we try next time?2.CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something newfrom it.38 There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimentingwith materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them developtheir Creativity.3.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what isgoing on inside our own head,but what about others?Being able to read people helpskids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.39“Why do youthink she is crying?”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you,how would you feel?”4.Self Expression40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music,acting,drawing,building,photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more thananother.A.Encourage kids to cook with you.B.And we cant forget science education.C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.Business is the organized approach to providing customerswith the goodsBusiness management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a business.73On