情态动词知识点讲解ppt课件.pptx

Modal VerbsGrammar and usage情 态 动 词1.He _ be our manager because hehas gone to Beijing.2.I _ thank you too much for all your help.3.You _ be hungry after a long walk for two days.4._ you be happy every day！5.It _ be quite cold here in winter.6.He _ well stay in Beijing now.7.You _(不妨)tell him the truth.8.If you _ go,at least wait until the storm is over.9.He fell into the lake,but he _ swim to the bank.10.You _ play with the knife,or you _ hurt yourself.11.I hope that everyone will _ pass the English exam next time.12.There is someone at the door.Who _it be?1.Wemustknowallthese，ifthebookistospeakitswholemessage.2.Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass.3.Toachievethis，itshouldcontaintwoelements:universalinterestandpersonalstyle.4.Italsotakesonapersonalstylenowritercandescribehumanlifewithoutreflectinghisownlifeandexperiences.必须必须necessity可能可能probability应该应该suggestion能够能够abilitypWhatismodalverb?pWhatarethefunctionsofmodalverb?pWhatmodalverbsdoyouknow?cancouldmaymightmustoughttoshallshouldwillwoulddareneedhavetousedtocan&couldMygrandmother_dosomeshoppingontheInternet,Thebuildingwasonfire,butluckilyeveryoneinit_escapefromit.Mary_playpiano.She_playitsinceshewasfive.Youll_getataxioutsidethestation.can/is able towasabletocan/is able tocan/is able tohas been able to has been able to be able tobe able to1.can/could 表示能力(ability),意思相当于 be able to注意：在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could 仅表示能力。Be able to可用于各种时态中，can只能用于一般现在时和过去时can&could_yougivemeahandwiththebox?-CouldIuseyourcar?-Yes,ofcourseyou_.-No,_Can/Couldcan2.can/could 表示“请求”和“许可”注意：could语气更委婉，肯定回答时要用can，不用could。you cant./Im afraid not.can&couldTheyoftengototherestaurantsformeals.They_beverypoor.Where_hehavegone?3.表“可能性”时，can多用在否定句或疑问句中,表示主观推测。cantcancan&couldThetemperaturehere_beashighas37.Asahumanbeing,anyone_makeamistake.cancan4.can用在肯定句中多表示理论上的可能，“经验之谈”，含有“有时会”的意思。can&could cant.too/enough 无论也不过分；越越好 cant(help)but do sth.不得不，只好 cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事Youcantbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.Icantthankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomyson.Onecannotbutadmireherdetermination.summary含义否定式注意点ability“能能/会会”cant“不会，不能不会，不能”区区别beabletopermission“可以可以”cant“不可以，不不可以，不许”could语气更委婉些气更委婉些possibility“可能可能”cant“不可能不可能”表推表推测主要用于主要用于否否定定/疑疑问句句中中陈述句述句为客客观可能性可能性may&might-_Ihaveafewwordswithyourmanager?-Yes,you_.-No,you_.1.表示请求和许可，在疑问句中，might可以代替may，它表示的语气更加委婉。注意：may not表示“不许”时，语气较强，有命令强制的意味，常可用mustnt/cant 来回答问句“May I.?”May/mightMay/mightmaymaymustnt/cantmustnt/cantmay&mightYou_havesomefever.2.表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，一般不用于疑问句。may/mightmay/mightThereissomeoneatthedoor.Who_itbe?It_beMary.canmaymay not cant1.That _ be Mary shes in hospital.2.Mr Smith _ be a great player,but hes a good captain.possibility不太可能会肯定不会cantmay notmay&might3.may表示祝愿，常用结构为：May主语动词原形祝你成功！祝你成功！Mayyou!A.succeedB.successAmay&might4.may/might as well do sth“还是.为好；不妨”=had better do sth may/might well do sth“很有可能.”Since it is a fine day,we _walk.His appearance has changed so much that you _ not recognize him.may/might as well may/might well 1.Acomputer_thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.cantB.couldntC.maynotD.mightnot2.I_swimtothebankwhentheshipsank.A.mayB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto3.Who_itbethatisknockingatthedoor?It_beFather,butImnotsure.A.can,canB.can,mayC.must,canD.may,must4.Liza_wellnotwanttogoonthetrip-shehatestraveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.mayADBDmust&needYoumustntdothat,becauseyoumustkeepyourword.MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?Yes,you_.No,you_.1.表示“必要性”,意为“必须”，其否定形式为mustnt(不准，禁止)。注意：must 表示一种主观的义务和必要；而have to 表示一种客观被迫需要,含有“不得不,只好”的意思。mustmustneednt/dont have toneednt/dont have tomustThelightisstillon,sohe_beathome.That_betheonlyway.There_beotherwaysofsolvingtheproblem.那不可能是解决问题的唯一办法，肯定有另外的办法。那不可能是解决问题的唯一办法，肯定有另外的办法。2.表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，准是”，只能用在肯定句中，在否定句、疑问句中要用cant代替，表示“不可能会”mustmustcantcantmustmustmust Mustyoumakesomuchnoise？ThecarmustbreakdownjustwhenIwasabouttostart.Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegetout.3.表示感情色彩，意为“一定要,偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快 的事情。1.You_behungryalreadyyouhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt2.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldnt3.MayIsmokehere?Ifyou_,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.A.willB.canC.mayD.mustBBDwill&wouldI_neverdothatagain.Nomatterhowtheenemywhippedher,she_bowherhead._yougivemeapieceofpaper?1.表示意志、意愿和决心。2.表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would表示更委婉的语气。willwillwouldntwouldntWill/WouldWill/Wouldwill&wouldFish_diewithoutwater.She_listentomusic,aloneinherroom,forhours.Hetoldmethebox_open.We_sitaroundGrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.3.表示习惯性动作、固有属性或必然趋势，意为“总是；习惯于”。would指过去的习惯=used to。willwillwouldwouldwillwillwouldntwouldntwill&wouldThis_bethehouseyourelookingfor.That_beinthespringof1995.4.表示推测，意为“大概，也许，想必”。willwillwouldwouldshall1.用于第一、三人称的疑问句中表示说话者征求对方的意见。_wegoforaride?ShallIambusynow._mybrotherdoitforyou?A.WillB.ShallC.MustD.MayBDaddy,canyoubuymeanewipadwhenyougotoBeijing?You_getoneifyouareadmittedtoakeymiddleschool.shallshall2.shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺。Younaughtyboy!Youshallgetwhatyoudeserve.shall3.shall用于条约、规定、法令等官方文件中表示义务或规定，意为“必须；应该”。Allpaymentsshallbemadeincash.Accordingtotheschoolrules,nostudentsshallgooutofschoolwithoutthepermissionofteachers.We_bestrictwithourselves.我们应该严格要求自己。我们应该严格要求自己。Itswonderfulthatyoushouldhaveachievedsomuchintheseyears.Dontaskme.HowshouldIknow?Itisthreeoclocknow,thematch_beginsoon.A.shouldB.willC.canD.mayshould/oughttoshould1.should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议，意为“应该”=ought to2.should表示惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感,意为“竟然”3.should表示按常理、经验进行推测，意为“按道理说应该”But dont you knowO dont you knowThe red should languish(to become weaker)and the green must grow.1.Itsrainingcatsanddogs.Imsosurprisedthatyou_standoutside!A.mightB.mayC.shallD.should2.HowsyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?It_be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.shallB.wouldC.shouldD.must3.-Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?-“Noperson_smokeorcarryalightedcigaretteinthisarea.”A.willB.mayC.shallD.must4.Ifyoulistentome,you_havesomecandiesdear.A.shallB.may C.willD.mustDCCAneed作情态动词主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。作情态动词主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。Ineednt_(use)aclocktowakemeup.Needhe_(go)therehimself?need use goneed作实义动词，有人称、数、时态的变化，常用搭配：作实义动词，有人称、数、时态的变化，常用搭配：sb need to dosth need doing/to be doneIdontneed_(use)aclocktowakemeup.Didheneed_(go)therehimself?Mywatchneeds_(repair).需要做某事 需要被做 to use to gorepairing/toberepaireddare作情态动词，后接动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句，没有人称和数的变化.Dareyoujumpoffthehighwall?Hedarentevenlookout.daredare作实义动词，有人称和数的变化；在肯定句中，用于dare to do结构，在否定和疑问句中to可省略。Doyoudare(to)jumpoffthehighwall?Hedoesntdare(to)lookout.Onlythosewhodaretofailgreatlycaneverachievegreatly.darecan&could请求/许可推测能力may&might 请求/许可推测祝愿(may)will&would 请求推测意愿，决心习惯性动作或固有属性must推测必要性“偏偏，非要”should推测责任，建议“竟然”shall请求规定，义务（法律/规章制度）允诺、警告、决心、命令（二、三人称）summarycan&couldmay&mightwill&wouldmustshouldshall情态动词表推测possibilitymustwould/willmayshouldmightcouldmaynotmightnotcantcouldntuncertaincertaincertainShemaybewaitingforyounow.Youmighthavereadaboutitinthepapers.Thechildrenmustbeplayingoutside.Rosamusthaveattendedthepartylastnight.YoucanthaveseenHenryyesterdaybecausehewasinLondon.Itissocoldtoday.Theycantbeswimmingintherivernow.情态动词表推测对现在对现在进行对过去肯定must+do/be+be doing+have done可能may/might+do/be+be doing+have done不可能cant/couldnt+do/be+be doing+have done情态动词表推测1.Idontknowwheresheis,she_inShanghai.(可能在上海)2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_.（一定正在上课）3.Theroadiswet.It_lastnight.（一定下过雨）4.Philip_seriouslyinthecaraccident.（可能在车祸中受了重伤）5.Mike_hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.（一定还没有找回他的车）6.He_hishomeworknow.(不可能正在做作业）maybemustbehavingclassmusthaverainedmay/mighthavebeenhurtcantbedoingcant/couldnthavefoundIreallyregretwastingthehourswhenIshouldhavestudiedhard，butitistoolate.Ishouldnthavewatchedthatmovieitll givemehorribledreams.IneednthaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmatesherearefriendlytome.Hecouldhaveescaped,buthechosetostandandfight.这里还是表示推测吗？情态动词+havedonecouldhavedoneoughtntto/shouldnthavedoneoughtto/shouldhavedoneneednthavedone（过去）本可以做某事（但没做）（过去）本不应该做某事（但做了）（过去）本应该做某事（但没做）（过去）本不需要做某事（但做了）IreallyregretwastingthehourswhenIshouldhavestudiedhard，butitistoolate.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldnthavelefthomewithoutaword.IneednthaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmatesherearefriendlytome.Youcouldhavereviewed,butyouplayedgamesallnight.情态动词+have done（表后悔）（表责备）（表多此一举）（表遗憾，责备）Sheshouldhavecometoseemeyesterday.昨天她本应该来看我。昨天她本应该来看我。(实际上没来实际上没来)Sheshouldnthavecometoseemeyesterday.昨天昨天她本不她本不应该来看我的。应该来看我的。(实际上来了实际上来了)Hecouldnthavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.他不可能提前完成了工作（表推测）他不可能提前完成了工作（表推测）Hecouldhavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.他本可以提前完成工作。他本可以提前完成工作。（表责备）（表责备）Comparison 情态动词情态动词+havedone有两个主要用法：有两个主要用法：是表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态的是表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态的推测推测。是表示对过去发生的动作的是表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备遗憾或责备。summarymusthavedonemight/mayhavedonecant/couldnthavedonecouldhavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldnt/oughtnttohavedoneneednthavedone表推测（一定做了某事）表推测（可能做了某事）表遗憾或责备（本可以做某事）表推测（不可能做了某事）表遗憾或责备（本应该做某事）表遗憾或责备（本不应该做某事）表遗憾或责备（本不必做某事）1.He is not poor.You _ have lent him the money.A.cant B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt2.My cats really fat.You _ have given her so much food.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt 3.I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _ have driven her there.A.couldB.mustC.night D.should4.What a pity!Considering his ability and experience,he_better.A.need have done B.must have done C.can have done D.might have done4.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been5.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he_it differently.A.need have expressed B.might have expressed C.could have expressed D.must have expressedPractice.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.Itisstrangethatsuchafamouspoetbesorudetoalady.2.Youcomehereontime,oryoullbefinednexttime.3.Ihavecookedsomuchfood.Nobodywashungry.4.Whentheauthorwasyoung，heclimbthesmallhilleverymorning.5.Ifinishreadingthenoveltomorrow，butIamnotsureaboutit.6.Youhavegivenhimsomeadvice.Hewastooupsetatthattime.7.You_getagiftifyougotobedrightnow.shouldmustneedntwouldmay/mightoughtto/shouldshall8.Shewassofrightenedthatshedidntdare(breathe)awordofittoanyoneelse.9.Thegardendoesntneed_(water)atthemoment.10.Thedoorbellrings.ItbeLisa,becauseshesstillinthelibraryatthistime.11.Youfeelallthetrainingawasteoftime,butImsurelateryoullbegratefulyoudidit.12.Itsalready11oclock,andhe_havebeenherehalfanhourago.Maybehegotcaughtintherain.tobreathecantmay/mightwateringshould.完成句子完成句子1.youinthefollowingyear!祝你在新的一年里好运！祝你在新的一年里好运！2.Whyatnoon?他为什么偏偏中午弹钢琴呢？他为什么偏偏中午弹钢琴呢？3.She_inpersonaletterwouldhavebeenenough.她本不必亲自来她本不必亲自来写封信来就足够了。写封信来就足够了。Maybeluckymustheplaythepianoneednthavecome4.thatleftthedoorunlocked?ItmightbeMike.Heisalwaysforgettingthings.是谁没锁门？是谁没锁门？5.ThedeadlineisdrawingnearbutIfailedtochallengethetaskathirdtime.?让我弟弟试一试好吗？让我弟弟试一试好吗？WhocoulditbeShallmybrotherhaveatry6.Hewasawarethatsomeone_hisroom.他意识到一定有什么人进过他的房间。他意识到一定有什么人进过他的房间。7.You_herealoneatsuchalatehour.你这么晚的时候本不应该一个人来这里的。你这么晚的时候本不应该一个人来这里的。musthaveenteredshouldnt/oughtnttohavecomeP48AExploringtherulesReadthewebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooks.Findthesentencesthatusemodalverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.SuggestionAbilityyoucangetideasfromdifferentsourcesYoucouldalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.Abookreviewcanoftentellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.NecessityPossibilitywhatbooksyououghttoread.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.Youdonothavetoreadabookjustbecauseeveryonerecommendsit.Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionsmorethanonce.Theseideasshouldpointyouintherightdirection.youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtasteModalverbscanbefollowedby_.You can choose more than one answer for the blank.ado(thebaseform)bdoing(theverb-ingform)cdid(thepastform)dbedone(thepassivevoice)ebedoing(thecontinuousform)fhavedone(theperfectform)adefApplying the rulesB1QuestionChoiceFunctionFunctionofthemodalverbsintheothersentences.1aPermissionAbility2cPermissionPossibility3bPossibilityNecessity4cNecessityPossibilityQuestionChoice1cant2must3could4must5can6should7oughttoB2Applying the rulesUsefulphrasesandsentencesP481.develop your own taste2.in particular3.tell you whether a book is worth reading or not4.These ideas should point you in the right direction.5.Take time to look through the e across7.find yourself better able to seek out books to your tasteP49 1.It turned out the exact opposite.2.I could not stop turning the pages!3.reflect on these momentweaveV.织织weave-wove-wovenMost spiders weave webs that are almost invisible.The women shut themselves behind closed doors to weave their cloth.hand-woven scarvesweavev.迂回行进，穿行（以避开障碍迂回行进，穿行（以避开障碍）weave-weaved-weavedShe was weaving in and out of the traffic.The road weaves through a range of hills.He had to weave his way through a crowd.