(完整版)人教版八年级上册英语unit1知识点及习题1.pdf

Unit1Where did you go on vacationgo ongo on 继续继续 take photos take photos 照相照相something importantsomething important 重要的事重要的事 up and down 上上下下一、书本重要语法点梳理come up 出来go on vacationgo on vacation 去度假去度假 stay at home 待在家里buy sth.for sb./buy sb.sth.buy sth.for sb./buy sb.sth.为某人买某物为某人买某物go to the mountains 去爬山visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp夏令营quite a fewquite a few 相当多相当多 study forgo out出去间间taste goodtaste good尝起来很好吃尝起来很好吃 have a good time have a good timeof course 当然受到受到go shopping 去购物walk around 四处走走one bowl of 一碗 the next daydrink tea 喝茶去海滩去参观为而学习most of the timemost of the time大部分时大部分时玩得高兴玩得高兴feelfeel likelike 给的感觉；感给的感觉；感in the pastin the past 在过去在过去because ofbecause of 因为因为第二天find outfind out 找出；查明找出；查明taste+adj.taste+adj.尝起来尝起来 look+adj.look+adj.看起看起来来nothingnothingbut+but+动词原形动词原形除了之外什么都没有除了之外什么都没有seem+seem+（to beto be）+adj.+adj.看起来看起来arrive in+arrive in+大地点大地点/arrive at+/arrive at+小地点小地点到达某地到达某地decide to do sth.decide to do sth.决定去做某事决定去做某事try doing sth.try doing sth.尝试做某事尝试做某事 try to do sth.try to do sth.尽力去尽力去做某事做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth.停止 go to the beach做某事dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事Why not do.sth.Why not do.sth.为什么不做呢为什么不做呢so+adj.+that+so+adj.+that+从句从句如此以至于如此以至于tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事1.on vacation 度假vacation 意为“假期、假日”，相当于 holiday，但 vacation表示长的假期。如：the long vacation 长假the summer vacation 暑假the Christmas vacation 圣诞假期而 holiday（尤其美国）指“假日；休息日；休假”。on vacation=on holiday 意为“度假”练习 Where did go on _ vacationHe went to Sanya.A/Ba Can Dthe2.anything interesting 一些有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything 是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone 是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere 是指地点的不定代词。2 2）当当 形形 容容 词词 修修 饰饰something,something,anything,anything,nothing,nothing,everythingeverything 等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；3）这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here 大家都到齐了吗4）somethingsomething，somebodysomebody，someonesomeone，somewheresomewhere 用于肯定句用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anythinganything，anybodyanybody，anyoneanyone，anywhereanywhere 用于否定句及疑问句中。用于否定句及疑问句中。如：Did you do anything interesting 你做了有趣的事吗（表疑问）Why dont you visit someone with me 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢（表建议）练 习isin todays newspaper.Lets read a storybook.A.somethinginterestingB.nothinginteresting C.interesting somethingD.interestingnothing you go fishing with yesterdayYes,I went with my father.A.someone B.anyone C.no one D.everyone there _ in the room is only one old desk.Aanything special；Yes Banything special；NoCspecial anything；Yes Dspecial anything；No is _ interesting in the d like to see it k b1.c o mAanything BNothing Ceverything Dsomething3.buy sth.for sb.或 buy sb.sth如：My parents often buy some books for me.=My parentsoften buy me some books.我父母经常给我买书。4.提建议的句子：What/how about+doing sth.如：What/How aboutgoing shoppingWhy dont you+do sth.如：Why dont you goshoppingWhy not+do sth.如：Why not go shoppingLets+do sth.如：Lets goshoppingShall we/I+do sth.如：Shall we/I goshopping5.long time no see 好久不见6.quite a few 相当多7.most of 的大多数如：most of the time 大多数 a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些修饰可数名词时间练习 is popular with of them like playing it.a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者都表肯定意义如：He has a few friends.他有一些朋友。AMost BFew CMuch DLittle8.Still no one seemed to be bored.仍然没有人感到烦闷。There is a little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。1）seem 意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：few 少数的修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词但两者都表否定意义如：He has few friends.他没有几个朋友。There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。练习 have quite friends.I feel veryhappy.A.few B.a few C.little D.a littleseemseem toto dodo sth.sth.好像做某事好像做某事如：They seem to talk inclass.他们似乎上课说话。seemseem（toto bebe）+adj.+adj.似乎似乎.如：He seemed(to be)ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了。ItIt seemsseems thatthat+从句从句 似乎似乎.如：It seems that hewas ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了。练习 1.Frank，it _ that you like to work withanimals.Yes，I like animals very much.Alooks Bseems Csounds Dtastes 2）bored 作形容词，意为“烦闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人；而 boring 也是形容词，其主语是某物。如：My parents ask me to do homework all day.I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作业，我感到很厌倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring.整天做作业有点无聊。相类似的词语还有：interested adj.感兴趣的 interesting adj.有趣的 surprised adj.感到惊奇的 surprising adj.惊奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲惫的 excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激动的 amazed 惊讶的 amazing 令人惊讶的练习bookis.Ifeel.A.boring,boring B.bored,boring C.boring,bored D.bored,bored9.辨析：get to/reach/arrive牢记：相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+地点/reach+地点 arrive at+小地点（车站等）/arrive in+大地点（国家等）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词 here,there,home 等，则不需要加介词。练习 Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night.at B.got to10.enjoyenjoy doingdoing sthsth.喜欢做乐意做喜欢做乐意做如：She enjoysplaying football.她喜欢踢足球。enjoy oneself过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself.他过得很愉快。跟它意思相近的词组还有 have a good great time,havefun。练习 you enjoy_photos？A.to take11.decide 意为“决定”，是动词。它的名词形式为 decision。构成的短语有：decide to do sth.decide to do sth.decide on doing sth.decide on doing sth.决定做某事决定做某事 make a decision to do sth.决定不要做某事，要用 decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing.李雷已经决定去北京。练习 parents decide_ to the beach this week.A.goB.goesC.togo D.going decided _ the museum this Sunday.Avisit BVisits Cvisiting Dto visit12.nothing.but.意为“除.之外；只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。13.feel like意为：“有什么感觉；感受到”，后跟宾语从句。另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。如：I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我是一只鸟。I feel like eating.我想吃东西。14.because of,because：because of+名词/代词/名词性短语如：I had to movebecause of my job.我们学校来。因为工作的原因我得搬家。because+从句如：I do it because I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。练习 have to stay at home _ the heavy rain.A.because B.because of C.but D.and Sunday we didnt go out _ the rain.Abecause of BbecauseCin front of Dbefore15.below 意为“在.下面”，其反义词为 above，意为“在.上面”练习 1.The weather was really cold yesterday.was five _ zero last night.Aunder BbelowCdown Dbetween16.bring +地点，意为“带来”，其反义词是 take。如：Please bring your book to our school.请把你的书带到Please take your book to your school.请把你的书带到你的学校去。足够形容词enough如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing.我有足够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。18.so that 如此以致于引导结果状语从句，so 后面接形容词、副词.that 后面跟从句。如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。19.taste good 尝起来很好吃。taste 系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel（觉得）keep（保持）stay（保持）seem（好像）look（看来像）smell（闻起来）sound（听起来）taste（尝起来）系动词与形容词连用I feel sick。我感到难受。Keep quiet，please！请安静下来！The weather stays very hot。天气非常热。He seems veryclever。他好像很聪明。Jim looks like his father。吉姆长得像他父亲。The fishsmells terrible.这鱼闻起来坏了。That sounds a good idea。那听起来是个好主意。The souptastes very delicious。这汤尝起来非常香。语法一一 复合不定代词复合不定代词1、由 some,any,no,every 加上 one,body,thing 构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。onebodythingsomethisomesomeonesomebodyng2、用法（1）复 合 不anythinanyanyoneanybody定代词相当g于名词，在句中可以用everytheveryeveryoneeverybody作主语、宾ing语和表语。nono onenobodynothingSomeoneisknocking atthe door.I dont have anything to say today.Money isnt everything.（2）复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。I have something important to tell you.There is nothing wrong with the radio.（3）复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。Everything begins to grow in spring.（4）some-不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定句中。Will you ask someone to carry the box for meWould you like something to drink（5）anyone 和 anything 也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。Anyone can do it.I can do anything for you.巩固练习：.I cant hear anything=I can hear _.There is _ on the floor.Please pick it up.No one _ how to do it.A.know B.knowsC.knowing D.knew.Theres _in the newspaper.You should readit.A.important something B.something boringC.boring something D.something important.二二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词（一）规则变化构成规则：在动词末尾直接加-ed.例如，work-worked,look-looked,play played以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，直接加-d.例如，live lived,hope hoped,use used以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 再加-ed.例如，study studied,carry carried,worry worried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed.例如，stop stopped,plan planned（二）不规则变化1.没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut cut,putput,read read2.变化元音，例如，write-wrote,know knew,come came3.变化辅音，例如，make made,spend spent,sendsent4.辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave left,teach taught,think thought5.其他情况，例如，is was,are were,have had练习 _(have)a good time with my familyin that city last year.2._Helen often _(go)shoppingon Sundays3.Tony _(not finish)his homework on timeyesterday.4._your parents _(buy)you a gift foryour last birthday5.my father often _(ride)his bike towork.6.Where_you_ lunch？At home.There was no school lunch.A.did,have B.are,having C.will,have D.do,have巩固练习单项选择1.Did you do _ on your vacation,Alice fun anything fun something2.Did you go _A.interesting somewhere interesting interesting anywhere3.I went to summer _.A.vacations4.Where did you go _ vacationA.to5.And _ the bad weather,we couldnt see anythingbelow.A.and of6._ kind girl Jenny is!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a7.Did you study _your testA.on8.I didnt bring back anything from Malaysia._ at allA.Something9.She isnt _to carry the box.A.enough strong enough young enough10.-Oh,dear,we have_food left.-dont worry.Ill go and buy some.A.a few little11._ did you go last weekendI went to the mountains with my classmates.AHow BWhen CWhere DWho the boys _ to the park and _ a good timethere.Ago；have Bwent；haveCgo；had Dwent；had13.Did you like your vacation was great.AYes，I was BNo，I wasntCYes，I did DNo，I didnt was your vacation _.I liked it very much.A.Very bad B.Wonderful C.Im fine D.Have a14.How was your vacation，Grace had a wonderful time.AIt is bad BIt was greatCIt was bad DIt is great15.I couldnt do anything but study for the testsduring the vacation.parents are too strict(严格的)with youASounds terrible BNo problemCFor sure DGood ideagood time17.What would you likeWed like two _ and some beef soup.Abowls of rices Bbowl of riceCbowls of rice Dbowl of rices ate a big bowl of noodles five minutes_.Atried BhungryCcold Dbusy19.May I use your dictionary，CindynotIm_，here you are.ASorry BGreat CThanks DOf course20.Did you learn English by _ taught me.Ayou Byours Cyourself Dyourselves21._ did you go to the beach withTom and Jack.AWhere BWhen CWho DHow _ the new museum _ my classmate lastweekend.Avisit；with B visited；for C visit；forDvisited；with二、句型转换。1.I went to New York City.(对划线部分提问）_ did you _ on vacation2.I bought something special for my father.（改为一般疑问句）_ you buy _ special for your father3.I dont like the man.(改为同义句）I _ the man.4.Everyone had a great time.（改为同义句）Everyone _ _.5.The Malaysia yellow noodles were delicious.（对划线部分提问）_ _ the Malaysia yellow noodles四、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1.We didnt have an u_ so we were wet and cold.2.The food tasted great because I was so h_!3.E_ was on vacation.4.It was _(精彩的).5.I just stayed at home _(大多数)of the time toread and relax.6.My father didnt bring _(足够的)money.7.I _(想知道)what life was like here in the past.8.We w_ over an hour for the train because therewere too many people.9.Why didnt you buy anything for _(你自己)10.What _(活动)do you find enjoyable五、翻译下列句子。1.昨天你吃什么食物了 _ _ _ you _ yesterday2.你觉得这次旅行怎么样 How did you _ _ the trip3.似乎没有人感到无聊。No one _ _ _.4.我感觉我是一只鸟。I _ _ I was a bird.5.我们想要走到山顶，天却开始下雨了。We wanted to _ _ _ _,but thenit started raining a little.