武科大自动化专业英语(2012A).pdf
.试题纸课程名称：SpecifiedEnglish适用专业年级：考生学号：考 生 姓 名：1.1.Words and TermsWords and Terms(1)Please give the complete expression of the abbreviated wordsgive the complete expression of the abbreviated words,andandgive thegive theChinese meaningChinese meaning.(210)1)TF3)IC5)ALU7)PID9)GNP2)D/A4)I/O6)CPU8)MIMO10)VLSI(2)Please translate the English words or terms into Chinese.(120)1)discrete system3)state variable5)Laplace domain7)automatic process control9)initial value11)gate circuit13)percent overshoot15)differential equation17)final control system19)open loop专业 word 可编辑.2)setting time4)inverse transform6)dynamic response8)complex domain10)classical control12)transient response14)performance criteria16)development system18)optimal control20)linear vector space.2.2.Please translate the following sentences into Chinese.Please translate the following sentences into Chinese.(56)(1)Designing a control system is not a precise or well-defined process;rather,it isa sequence of interrelated events.A typical sequence might be1)modeling of the plant;2)linearization of the plant model;2)dynamic analysis of the plant;4)nonlinear simulation of the plant;5)establishment of the control philosophy&strategy;6)selection of the performance criteria and indices;7)design of the controller;8)dynamic analysis of the complete system;9)nonlinear simulation of the complete system;10)selection of the hardware to beused;11)construction and test of the development system;12)design of the productionmodel;13)test of the production model(2)open-loop and closed loop control systems.An open-loop system is one inwhich the control action is independent of the output.A closed-loop system,however,the input of the plant is somehow dependent on the actual output.Since the output is fed back in a functional form determined by the nature ofthe feedback elements and then subtracted from the input，a close-loop专业 word 可编辑.system is often referred to as a negative feedback system or simply as afeedback system.(3)With anadvancing technological society,there is a trend towards moreambitious goals.This also means dealing with complex systems with a largernumber of interacting components.The need for greater accuracy and efficiencyhas changedthe emphasis oncontrol system performance.The classicalspecifications in terms of percent overshoot,setting time,bandwidth,etc.,havein many cases given way to optimal criteria such as minimum energy,minimumcost,and minimum time operation.(4)The Laplace transformation comes from the area of operational mathematicsand is extremely useful in the analysis and design of linear systems.Ordinarydifferentialequationswithconstantcoefficientstransformintoalgebraicequations that can be used to implement the transfer function concept.Furthermore,the Laplace domain is a nice place in which to work,and transferfunctions may be easily manipulated,modified,and analyzed.(5)In NAND and NOR gates(as well as an AND and OR gates),when it serves ourpurpose to do so,we can arbitrarily select one input terminal and view it as anenable-disable input.Thus,consider a NOR or an OR gate.If the one selectedinput is at logic 1,the output of the gate is independent of all other inputs.thisone selected input takes control of the gate and the gate is disabled withrespect to any other input.(6)The importance of these components is that they perform the three basic专业 word 可编辑.operations that must be present in every control system.these operations are:1)measurement(M):measuring the variable to be controlled is usually done bythe combination of sensor and transmitter.2)Decision(D):based on the measurement,the controller must then decidewhat to do to maintain the variable at its desired value.3)Action(A):as a result of the controllers decision,the system must then takean action.This is usually accomplished by the final control element.3.3.Please translate the following sentences into English.(10Please translate the following sentences into English.(10)PID 控制是将比例、积分、微分三种控制规律结合一起。比例环节的作用是，当偏差一旦产生时，比例调节立即发挥作用，以减少偏差；积分的作用是消除余差；微分的作用是反映偏差的变化，并能在偏差信号变大前，在系统中引入一个有效的修正，从而加快系统的动作速度，减少调节时间。4.4.Please give Abstract and Key words about the following paper.(15Please give Abstract and Key words about the following paper.(15+5+5)At this time it is necessary to define some terms used in the field of automaticprocess control.The first term is controlled variable.This is the variable that mustbe maintained or controlled at some desired value.In the preceding example,theprocess outlet temperature,T(t),is the controlled variable.The second term is setpoint,the desired value of controlled variable.The manipulated variable is thevariable used to maintain the controlled variable at its set pint.In the example,theflow of steam is the manipulated variable.Finally,any variable that can cause thecontroller variable to deviate away from set point is defined as a disturbance orupset.In most process there are s number of different disturbances.专业 word 可编辑.What is important here is to understand that in the process industries,mostoften it is because of this disturbance that automatic process control is needed.Ifthere were no disturbances,design-operating conditions would prevail and therewould be no necessity of continuously“policing”the process.The following additional terms are also important.Open loop refers to thecondition in which the controller is disconnected from the process.That is,thecontroller is not making the decision of how to maintain the controlled variable atset point.Another instance in which open-loop control exists is when the action(A)taken by controller does not affect the measurement(M).This is indeed a majorflaw in the control system design.Close-loop control refers to the condition inwhich the controller is connected to the process,comparing the set point to thecontrolled variable and determining corrective action.With these terms defined,the objective of an automatic process control systemcan be stated as follows;the objective of an automatic process control system is touse the manipulated variable to maintain the controlled variable at its point in spiteof disturbance.专业 word 可编辑.
