最全表格形式形容词和副词比较级和最高级.pdf

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则一一 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：1 1 一般情况一般情况2 2 以不发音以不发音 e e 结尾的单音节词结尾的单音节词3 3 在重读闭音节（即：辅音元在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，音辅音）中，4 4 以以“辅音字母辅音字母y”y”结尾的双音结尾的双音节词，节词，5 5 以以 ow,erow,er 结尾的双音节词结尾的双音节词6 6 其他双音节词（副词）和多音其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词节词,加加-er-er，-est-est加加r r，-st-st先双写末尾的辅音先双写末尾的辅音字母字母 再加再加-er-er，estest把把 y y 改为改为 i i再加再加-er,-est-er,-est加加-er,-est-er,-est比比 较较 级级 在在 前前 面面 加加moremore，最高级在前，最高级在前面加面加 mostmosteasyeasiereasiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestheavyheavierheaviestclevercleverercleverestclevercleverercleveresttalltallertallesttalltallertallestgreatgreatergreatestgreatgreatergreatestlargelargerlargestlargelargerlargestnicenicernicestnicenicernicestbigbiggerbiggestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottesthothotterhottestnarrownarrowernarrowestnarrownarrowernarrowestbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost differentdifferentmore differentmost differenteasilymore easilymost easilyeasilymore easilymost easilyfriendlyfriendlymore friendly;common-more commonmore friendly;common-more common；helpfulhelpfulmore helpful,more helpful,more carefulmore careful，more nervousmore nervous，more relaxed,moremore relaxed,morenormal,modern-more modernnormal,modern-more modernunhappyunhappymore unhappymore unhappy，lucky-luckierlucky-luckierunluckyunluckymore unluckymore unlucky注：最高级前要加注：最高级前要加 the,the,不加表示“非常不加表示“非常，a most important meetinga most important meeting副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级 1 1大多数以大多数以 lyly 结尾的副词前加结尾的副词前加 moremore 和和 mostmost 来构成比较级和最高级来构成比较级和最高级.2 2少数单音节副词，加少数单音节副词，加 er,ester,est 构成其比较级和最高级构成其比较级和最高级.几个特殊的形容词和副词几个特殊的形容词和副词原级原级goodgood，wellwellbadbad，illill，badlybadlymanymany，muchmuchlittlelittlefarfaroldold名名称称一一、原原级级的的用用结构结构比较级比较级betterbetterworseworsemoremorelesslessFartherFarther 距离，距离，furtherfurther 程度程度OlderOlder 时间时间,elder,elder 顺序顺序可可 放放 在在 前前修饰词修饰词最高级最高级bestbestworstworstmostmostleastleastfarthest,farthest,further(further(提高进一步）提高进一步）oldest,eldestoldest,eldest例句例句Tom is as old as Kate.Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大汤姆和凯特年龄一样大.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1 1“甲“甲+be+be+（倍数（倍数)+as+)+as+形容词原级形容词原级+as+as+almostalmost，乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是nearly,nearly,乙的几倍”乙的几倍”just,just,2 2“甲“甲+实意动词实意动词+（倍数（倍数)+as+)+as+副词原级副词原级+as+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍几倍 exactlyexactly，quite,quite,ratherrather，veryvery，halfhalf，twicetwice，threethreetimestimes，a athirdthird，Tom is twice as old as KateTom is twice as old as Kate。汤姆的。汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。年龄是凯特的二倍。Tom runs as fast as MikeTom runs as fast as Mike。汤姆和迈克跑得一样。汤姆和迈克跑得一样快快.Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.Tom runs twice as fast as Mike。汤姆跑得。汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。速度是迈克的二倍。This room is not as/so big as that one.This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如这个房间不如那个大。那个大。法法3 3“甲“甲+be+not+as/so+be+not+as/so+形容词原级形容词原级+as+as+乙”甲不如乙乙”甲不如乙4 4 甲甲+助动词助动词+not+not+动词原形动词原形+as/so+as/so+副词原级副词原级+as+as+乙”甲不如乙乙”甲不如乙He doesnt walk as slowly as you。他走He doesnt walk as slowly as you。他走路不像你那样慢。路不像你那样慢。soso，tootoo名名称称二二、比比较较级级的的用用结构结构1 1 甲甲+be+be+（倍数（倍数)+)+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+than+乙”表乙”表示“甲比乙或“甲比乙几倍”示“甲比乙或“甲比乙几倍”2 2“甲“甲+实意动词实意动词+（倍数）（倍数）+副词比较级副词比较级+than+than+可可 放放 在在 前前的修饰词的修饰词a lot,a lot,例句例句Tom is taller than KateTom is taller than Kate。汤姆比凯特高。汤姆比凯特高。muchmuch，a aThisThis roomroom isis threethree timestimes biggerbigger thanthan thatthat one.one.bit,evenbit,even，这个房间比那个大三倍。这个房间比那个大三倍。a little,a little,I got up earlier than my mother this morningI got up earlier than my mother this morning。乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”still,still,far,far,我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。Lesson OneLesson OneHe runs three times faster than his brother.He runs three times faster than his brother.is muchis much他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。easiereasierthanthanLessonLessonTwo.Two.第一第一The Yangtze River is longer than any otherThe Yangtze River is longer than any otherriverriver inin ChinaChina。=The=The YangtzeYangtze RiverRiver isis longerlongerthan any of the other rivers in China.than any of the other rivers in China.长江比长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The=The YangtzeYangtze RiverRiver isis longerlonger thanthan thethe otherotherrivers in Chinarivers in China。长江比中国的其他所有的河都。长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。长。=The=The YangtzeYangtze RiverRiver isis thethe longestlongest riverriver ininChinaChina。长江是中国最长的河流。长江是中国最长的河流。法法3 3“甲“甲+be+be+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+any other+than+any other+单单数名词数名词(+(+介词短语）”表示“甲比同一范围介词短语）”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人的任何一个人/物都,含义是“甲物都,含义是“甲最”。最”。注意：注意：TheThe YangtzeYangtze RiverisRiveris longerlonger thanthan anyany课比第二课比第二river in Japanriver in Japan。长江比日本的任何一条河。长江比日本的任何一条河课容易得课容易得都长。都长。4 4“甲“甲+实意动词实意动词+副词比较级副词比较级+than+anyother+than+anyother+单数名词单数名词(+(+介词短语）”表介词短语）”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物物都，含义是“甲最”.都，含义是“甲最”.5 5“甲“甲+be+the+be+the+形容词比较级形容词比较级+ofthetwo+”表示“甲是两者中较+ofthetwo+”表示“甲是两者中较的”的”6 6“比较级“比较级+and+and+比较级比较级 表示“越来表示“越来越”。越”。7 7“the+比较级，“the+比较级，the+the+比较级”表示比较级”表示“越，越”。“越，越”。8 8“特殊疑问词“特殊疑问词+be+be+形容词比较级，甲形容词比较级，甲 oror乙?”乙?”“特殊疑问词“特殊疑问词+实意动词实意动词+副词比较级副词比较级,甲甲 oror乙？”乙？”3 3。1 1“主语“主语+be+the+be+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+单数名词单数名词最最高高级级常常用用句句型型结结+in/of+in/of 短语”表示“是中最的短语”表示“是中最的.2 2“主语“主语+实意动词实意动词+（thethe）+副词最高级副词最高级+单单数名词数名词+in/of+in/of 短语短语 表示“是中表示“是中最的最的3 3“主语“主语+be+oneofthe+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级形容词最高级+复数复数名词名词+in/of+in/of 短语短语 表示“是中表示“是中最之一”。最之一”。多。多。TomTomlooks evenlooks evenMike gets to school earlier than any otherMike gets to school earlier than any otheryoungeryoungerstudent in his classstudent in his class。=Mike gets to school=Mike gets to schoolthanthanbefore.before.汤汤姆甚至比姆甚至比以前更年以前更年轻。轻。ThisThistrain runstrain runsmuchmuchfasterfasterthan thatthan thatThe more careful you areThe more careful you are，the fewer mistakesthe fewer mistakesoneone。这辆。这辆youll make.你越认真youll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少犯的错误越少火车比那火车比那辆跑地快。辆跑地快。Who draws betterWho draws better，Jenny or DannyJenny or Danny？谁画得比较？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼好，詹妮还是丹尼?Tom is the tallest in his class./of all theTom is the tallest in his class./of all thestudentsstudents。汤姆是他们班上。汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的所有学生当中最高的.例如，例如，I jumpI jump（the)farthest in my classthe)farthest in my class。我。我是我们班跳得最远的。是我们班跳得最远的。例如，例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities inBeijing is one of the largest cities inChinaChina。北京是中国最大城市之一。北京是中国最大城市之一。例如，例如，Which country is the largestWhich country is the largest，ChinaChina，Brazil or CanadaBrazil or Canada？例如，例如，Which season do you like(theWhich season do you like(the）best best，spring,summer or autumnspring,summer or autumn？Which is bigger,the earth or the moonWhich is bigger,the earth or the moon？He is getting taller and taller.He is getting taller and taller.earlier than any of the other students in hisearlier than any of the other students in hisclassclass。注意：注意：MikeMike getsgets toto schoolschool earlierearlier thanthanany student in Toms class.迈克比汤姆班上任any student in Toms class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早何一个学生到校都早.（迈克和汤姆不是同一个班）（迈克和汤姆不是同一个班）Look at the two boys.My brother is the tallerLook at the two boys.My brother is the tallerof the twoof the two。构构 4 4“特殊疑问词“特殊疑问词+be+the+be+the+最高级最高级+甲，乙，甲，乙，oror丙？”用于三者以上的比较。丙？”用于三者以上的比较。5 5“特殊疑问词“特殊疑问词+be+the+be+the+副词最高级副词最高级+甲，乙，甲，乙，oror 丙?”用于三者以上的比较丙?”用于三者以上的比较