新视野大学英语第三版第四册读写教程翻译.pdf

新视野大学英语第三版第四册新视野大学英语第三版第四册读写教程翻译读写教程翻译第一单元第一单元TheThe DoctrineDoctrine ofof thethe MeanMean is is thethe corecore ofof Confucianism.Confucianism.TheThe so-so-calledcalled“mean”“mean”bybyConfuciusConfucius doesntdoesnt meanmean“compromise”“compromise”butbut a a“moderate”“moderate”andand“just“just-ri-right”ght”waywaywhen understanding and handling objective things.Confucius advocated that thiswhen understanding and handling objective things.Confucius advocated that thisthought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things butthought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things butalsoalso bebe integratedintegrated i intonto onesones dailydaily conductconduct toto makemake it it a a virtuevirtue throughthroughself-cultivation and training.self-cultivation and training.TheThe DoctrineDoctrine ofof thethe MeanMean is is notnot onlyonly thethe corecore ofof ConfucianismConfucianism butbut alsoalso ananimportantimportant componentcomponent ofof traditionaltraditional ChineseChinese culture.culture.FromFrom thethe timetime it it camecame intointobeing to the present,it has played an invaluable role in the construction of nationalbeing to the present,it has played an invaluable role in the construction of nationalspirit,spirit,thethe transmissiontransmission ofof nationalnational wisdom,wisdom,andand thethe developmentdevelopment ofof nationalnationalculture.culture.中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当而且还通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。着不可估量的作用。第二单元第二单元The four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the Three Kingdoms,OutlawsThe four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the Three Kingdoms,Outlawsofof thethe Marsh,Marsh,journeyjourney toto thethe WestWest andand A A DreamDream ofof RedRed Mansions.Mansions.AllAll thethe fourfournovels were written during the period from the late Yuan and early Ming dynastiesnovels were written during the period from the late Yuan and early Ming dynastiestoto thethe QingQing Dynasty.Dynasty.TheyThey allall reflectreflect variousvarious aspectsaspects ofof ancientancient China,China,includingincludingpolitical and military strife,social conflicts and cultural beliefs.The four novels arepolitical and military strife,social conflicts and cultural beliefs.The four novels areof supreme artistic standards,representing the pof supreme artistic standards,representing the p eak of Chinas classic novels.eak of Chinas classic novels.LotsLotsofof thethe characterscharacters andand scenesscenes inin thethe booksbooks areare Well-knownWell-known inin ChinaChina andand havehaveexerted profound influences on the ideology and values of the entire nation.Highlyexerted profound influences on the ideology and values of the entire nation.Highlyvaluavaluable for the research of Chinasble for the research of Chinas ancient customs,feudal system,and social life,ancient customs,feudal system,and social life,thethe fourfour classicclassic novelsnovels areare preciousprecious culturalcultural relicsrelics ofof ChinaChina asas wellwell asas thethe humanhumansociety as a whole.society as a whole.中国的四大名著是指三国演义中国的四大名著是指三国演义 水浒传水浒传 西游记西游记 红楼梦四部著名小说。它们红楼梦四部著名小说。它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的高峰。高峰。书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已深深地影响了整个民族的思想观书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的念和价值取向。四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。第三单元第三单元InIn recentrecent years,years,withwith thethe rapidrapid developmentdevelopment ofof InternetInternet technology,technology,thethe InternetInterneteconomy has become a hot issue.As represented by the promising E-commerce,economy has become a hot issue.As represented by the promising E-commerce,thethe InternetInternet economyeconomy hashas becomebecome a a strongstrong drivingdriving forceforce forfor thethe economiceconomicdevelopment.development.OurOur governmentgovernment attachesattaches greatgreat importanceimportance toto developingdeveloping thethe Internet-economyInternet-economyand proposesand proposes the concept of“Internet Plus”,aiming to integratethe concept of“Internet Plus”,aiming to integrate the Internet with the Internet withother industries,such as health care,transportation,education,finance,and publicother industries,such as health care,transportation,education,finance,and publicservice.This will create great potential and broad prospects for the development ofservice.This will create great potential and broad prospects for the development ofthe Internet economy.With the implementation of thethe Internet economy.With the implementation of the“Internet“Internet Plus”strategy,thePlus”strategy,theInternet is certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help buildInternet is certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help build“the“the upgraded version of the Chinese economy”.upgraded version of the Chinese economy”.近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。以蓬勃发展的近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。我国政府高度重视发展互联我国政府高度重视发展互联网经济，提出了“互联网网经济，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大地发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。务等领域的结合。这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大地发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。随着“互联网随着“互联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版”国经济升级版”第四单元第四单元SuzhouSuzhou gardensgardens areare thethe mostmost outstandingoutstanding representativesrepresentatives ofof classicalclassical ChineseChinesegardens.gardens.Most of them were privately-owned.The gardens first appeared in the Spring andMost of them were privately-owned.The gardens first appeared in the Spring andAutumn Period,developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and flourished in theAutumn Period,developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and flourished in theMingMing and Qingand Qing dynasties.dynasties.ByBy thethe late Qinglate Qing Dynasty,Suzhou hadDynasty,Suzhou had got asgot as manymany asasover 170 gardens of diverse styles,Winning itover 170 gardens of diverse styles,Winning itthe name“Thethe name“The City of Gardens”.Now,City of Gardens”.Now,over 60 gardens are kept in good condition,of which more than 10 are Open to theover 60 gardens are kept in good condition,of which more than 10 are Open to thepublic.public.TheTheSurgingSurgingWaveWavePavilion,Pavilion,thetheLionLionGroveGroveGarden,Garden,thetheHumbleHumbleAdministratorsAdministrators Garden and the Lingering Garden are called the four most famousGarden and the Lingering Garden are called the four most famousgardens in Suzhou representing the artistic styles of the Song,Yuan,Ming and Qinggardens in Suzhou representing the artistic styles of the Song,Yuan,Ming and Qingdynasties respectively.Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens,dynasties respectively.Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens,whichwhich makesmakes themthem suitablesuitable placesplaces forfor living,living,visitingvisiting andand appreciating.appreciating.TheThearchitectural principles of l the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles andarchitectural principles of l the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles andsocialsocial customscustoms ofof thethe ancientancient ChineseChinese peoplepeople inin thethe southsouth ofof thethe LowerLower YangtzeYangtzeRiver.Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture,butRiver.Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture,butalso a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.In 1997,Suzhou gardensalso a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.In 1997,Suzhou gardenswere inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170170 余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现保存完好的园林有保存完好的园林有 6060 多处，对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留多处，对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。苏州园林园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反应力中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反应力中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。19971997 年，年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”第五单元第五单元Chinese civilization once had a significant influence on world civilization.With theChinese civilization once had a significant influence on world civilization.With thedevelopment of ourdevelopment of our countrys economy ancountrys economy and the rise of her international status ind the rise of her international status inrecentrecent years,years,ChineseChinese culture,culture,whichwhich hashas a a longlong history,history,is is onceonce againagain attractingattractingglobal attention.More and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration forglobal attention.More and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration forand become popular subjects of fashions,literature and movies around the world.and become popular subjects of fashions,literature and movies around the world.This shows that the world needs Chinese culture.It was in this context that ChinaThis shows that the world needs Chinese culture.It was in this context that Chinadecideddecided toto implementimplement thethe“Culture“Culture Exporting”Exporting”strategystrategy soso asas toto enhanceenhance herhercultural exchanges with the rest of the world.cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.AfterAfter severalseveral yearsyears e efforts,fforts,greatgreat achievementsachievements havehave beenbeen mademade inin thisthis respect.respect.“Culture“Culture Exporting”Exporting”hashas greatlygreatly promotedpromoted thethe developmentdevelopment ofof ourour culturalculturalindustries.It is becoming an effective approach through which China enhances herindustries.It is becoming an effective approach through which China enhances hernational image and comprehensive strength.national image and comprehensive strength.中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。近年来，中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。成为热门题材。这一现象表明，这一现象表明，世界需要中国文化。世界需要中国文化。在这种背景下，我国决定实施文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提在这种背景下，我国决定实施文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。第六单元第六单元BoaoBoao ForumForum forfor AsiaAsia(BPA)(BPA)is is a a non-governmental,non-governmental,non-profitnon-profit internationalinternationalorganization.Initiated by 25 Asian countries and Australia,it was officially foundedorganization.Initiated by 25 Asian countries and Australia,it was officially foundedinin 2001.2001.TheThe organizationorganization is is headquarteredheadquartered inin BoaoBoao TownTown i in n ChinasChinas HainanHainanProvince.With equality,mutual benefit,cooperation and win-win as its objectives,Province.With equality,mutual benefit,cooperation and win-win as its objectives,EPA is devoted to promotingEPA is devoted to promotingeconomiceconomic exchanges,exchanges,coordinationcoordination andand cooperationcooperation betweenbetween AsianAsian countriescountries asaswell as enhancing dialogs and ties between Asia and other parts of the world.Thewell as enhancing dialogs and ties between Asia and other parts of the world.Theforum provides a high-level platform where governments,businesses and scholarsforum provides a high-level platform where governments,businesses and scholarsfrom relevant countries discuss Asian and global affairs.from relevant countries discuss Asian and global affairs.Through further regional economic cooperation,BFA will facilitate the realization ofThrough further regional economic cooperation,BFA will facilitate the realization ofAsian countriesAsian countries goals and contribute to a new Asia that boasts greater prosperity,goals and contribute to a new Asia that boasts greater prosperity,stability and peace.stability and peace.博鳌亚洲论坛是一个非政府、非营利性的国际组织。它是由博鳌亚洲论坛是一个非政府、非营利性的国际组织。它是由 2525 个亚洲国家和澳大利亚个亚洲国家和澳大利亚发起的，于发起的，于 20012001 年正式成立，总部位于中国南部的海南省博鳌镇。博鳌亚洲论坛以平年正式成立，总部位于中国南部的海南省博鳌镇。博鳌亚洲论坛以平等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协调与合作，并等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协调与合作，并增强亚洲与世界其他地区的对话和联系。它为有关国家的政府、增强亚洲与世界其他地区的对话和联系。它为有关国家的政府、企业及专家学者提供了企业及专家学者提供了一个共商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。通过区域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论坛一个共商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。通过区域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论坛将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标，为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的新亚洲作出贡献。将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标，为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的新亚洲作出贡献。第七单元第七单元Urban-rural integration is a newUrban-rural integration is a new stage of Chinasstage of Chinas modernization and urbanization modernization and urbanizationprocess.process.It It aimsaims toto breakbreak thethe urbanurban andand ruralrural dualdual economiceconomic structurestructure throughthroughmakingmaking integratedintegrated plansplans forfor urbanurban andand ruralrural development,development,andand throughthrough systemsystemreform and policy adjustment,so that the urban and rural areas will finally achievereform and policy adjustment,so that the urban and rural areas will finally achieveequal policies and realize complementary developing patterns,enabling the ruralequal policies and realize complementary developing patterns,enabling the ruralresidents to enjoy the same level of civilization and equal benefits with the urbanresidents to enjoy the same level of civilization and equal benefits with the urbanresidents.Urban-rural integration is a significant and profound social reform whichresidents.Urban-rural integration is a significant and profound social reform whichenablesenables comprehensive,comprehensive,coordinatedcoordinated andand sustainablesustainable developmentdevelopment ofof thethe entireentireurban-rural economy.Only by enhancing urban-rural integration,and by properlyurban-rural economy.Only by enhancing urban-rural integration,and by properlymanagingmanaging urban-ruralurban-rural relationships,relationships,increasingincreasing urban-ruralurban-rural collaborationcollaboration andandnarrowingnarrowing thethe gapgap betweenbetween urbanurban andand ruralrural areas,areas,cancan wewe guaranteeguarantee thatthat ourourcountrycountry realizerealize thethe blueprintblueprint goalgoal ofof buildingbuilding a a well-offwell-off society-society-inin anan all-roundall-roundway by 2020.way by 2020.城乡一体化是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段，城乡一体化是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段，是要通过对城乡发展实行统筹规是要通过对城乡发展实行统筹规划，并通过体制改革和政策调整，破除城乡二元经济结构，实现城乡在政策上平等，在划，并通过体制改革和政策调整，破除城乡二元经济结构，实现城乡在政策上平等，在