2020届无锡市坊前学校高三英语期中试卷及答案解析.pdf
20202020 届无锡市坊前学校高三英语期中试卷及答案解析届无锡市坊前学校高三英语期中试卷及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability.A much smaller numbergain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities.Rishab Jain is amongthe latter.In 2018,13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AItechnology to help pancreatic(胰腺的)cancerpatients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge,a nationwide middle-school science competition,and its$25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest,Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心)in St.Paul,Minnesota.Leading up to the big meet,each finalist had partnered with a scientist to furtherdevelop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention.First,a family friend died of cancer.Then Rishab learnedabout how deadly pancreatic cancer is,and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat.Im alsointo programming,so I was learning about AI technology.I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it.His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society,which helps poorchildren enter the STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)education.Rishab is also raising awarenessabout pancreatic cancer.These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age.Considering becominga biomedical engineer or a doctor 一 or both,he has also put some money aside to further his own learning.Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.Thats an outstanding outlook for one so young.Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need.Heis also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1.What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A.It was intended to solve medical problems.B.It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C.It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D.It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2.How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B.He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C.He introduced poor children to STEM education.D.He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3.Which of the following best describes Rishab?A.Talented and caring.B.Independent and humorous.C.Responsible and patient.D.Polite and inspiring.BEvery day,millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force,searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside frompurchasing holiday gifts,most people regularly buy presentsfor other occasions throughout the year,includingweddings,birthdays,anniversaries,and graduations.This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertainfeelings in gift-givers.Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means tobuild stronger bonds,while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intendedrecipients(接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process,serving various political,religious,andpsychological functions.Economists,however,offer a less favorable view.According to Waldfogel,gift-givingrepresents an objective wasteof resources.People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own,or at least not spend as much money to purchase(a phenomenon referred to asthe deadweight loss ofChristmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients,butnevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift.In the present research,wepropose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem gift-givers link how much they spendwith how much recipients will appreciate the gift.Though it seems natural to gift-givers,such an assumption maybe unfounded.Indeed,we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation onthe value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients feelings of appreciation?Perhapsgivers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration.According to Camerer and others,gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual(习俗),by which gift-givers attempt tosignal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship.In this sense,gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a“stronger signal”.Asfor gift-recipients,they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals ofthoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other partys viewpoint seemsconfusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day.Yet,despite the experience as both givers andreceivers,people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another.In theoretical terms,peoplefail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in theirexchange relations.In practical terms,people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts,but somehow neverlearn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.4.The author uses“the deadweight loss of Christmas”in Paragraph 2 to express _.A.gift-givers dont spend much money during holidaysB.gift-givers dont ask recipients what gifts they preferC.gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD.gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts5.According to the passage,people buy gifts to _.A.receive gifts in returnB.enjoy the feeling of shoppingC.help recipients to save moneyD.better relationships with recipients6.What can we learn from the passage?A.Peoples high living standards require expensive gifts.B.Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C.Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D.Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.7.Why did the author write this article?A.To criticize peoples gift-buying habits.B.To analyze peoples gift-giving behaviors.C.To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D.To remind people not to overlook others preferences.CMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies(辣椒)toour food,but did you know that this spicy vegetable couldalso be dangerous?A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaperthe spiciestchili in the world.After taking just a single bite of one,the man suffered from serious headaches in the followingfew days,reported BBC News.In fact,reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual.But ifchilies are harmful,why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable?According to thewebsite Huanqiu,about 600 million Chinese peoplealmost half of the national populationare chili eaters.Sowhat makes people love chilies so much?The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eatingchilies by releasing natural chemicals that“produce a sense of happiness”,noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment.A survey conducted by the Chinese Academyof Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percentlower than those who eat it less than once a week.The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicyfood six to seven times a week.And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion.“The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,”LiuQi,a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health,told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism(新陈代谢).So,dont worry if youlove spicy food.It seems that chilies are actually good for usexcept for the Carolina Reaper,perhaps.8.The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove _.A.chiliescan be beneficialB.chilies are popular inAmericaC.chilies can be dangerousD.serious headaches can be dangerous9.Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_.A.decreasing death rateB.releasing natural chemicalsC.curing serious headachesD.providing enough nutrition10.Which of the following statement is TRUE?A.Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B.Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C.The more chilies you eat,the healthier you are.D.Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it cant increase our metabolism.11.The writer wrote the passage to _.A.warn people of the dangers of chiliesB.ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC.encourage people to eat more chiliesD.tell people the benefits of chiliesDWhen girls play with cars,theyre serious.It was at primary school that Gu Huijing first became interested incars after watching some car-themed movies.Born in2004 inShenzhen,Guangdong province,Gu decided to majorin automobiles(汽车)when she was in junior high.Shes driven by interest,but she is also a realist.“I think the future of the automobile industry is brightbecause we cannot live without food,clothes,houses and cars,”she said.In April,she won first prize at a competition for vehicle maintenance(车辆维修)in Dongguan city,whichdrew 33 teams from different cities across the province.“I thought it couldnt be that hard to repair cars when I started to take courses,but I was totally wrong,”Gusaid.When she started learning in 2019,she was frequently confused by various problems.“And competitionwithin our school is intense,so I had to work extra hard,”she said.Her teacher once tried to persuade her to give up as she was a sophomore(大二学生),and wasnt asknowledgeable as the seniors,and no women had ever been selected for the competition before.“But I insistedthat I would carry on,”she said.Finally,her training and hard work won her the only place to stand for her schoolat the competition.A woman winning first prize in a vehicle maintenance competition became a hot topic on-line,causing heateddiscussions over gender(性别)and career choices.“Women should not be influenced by old-fashioned thinking,and should do whatever it takes to discover their interests and strengths.There are more possibilities out there,”one netizen wrote.Gu said,“Many people think vehicle maintenance is ajob for men.Thats wrong.I dont think gender hasanything to do with choice of jobs.”“I have a goal and I will work harder to make it happen,”she added.“I will beresponsible for my choices.”12.What was a cause of Gus choosing automobiles as her major?A.The love for automobiles.B.The guidance from her parents.C.The high popularity of automobiles.D.The determination to contribute to society.13.Why did Gus teacher advise her to quit the competition?A.She lacked the knowledge related to it.B.She had never taken part in a competition before.C.She was unlikely to win the competition.D.Women were not allowed to enter the competition.14.Which of the following best describes Gu Huijing?A.Creative and caring.B.Determined and hard-working.C.Independent and humorous.D.Honest and courageous.15.What would be the best title for the text?A.There Is No End To LearningB.Teenage Girl Wins Car Repair ContestC.Vehicle Maintenance Catches OnD.Taking Challenge Leads To Success第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项You probably think of food poisoning as something that you might pick up at a diner or an outdoor barbecuestand._16_.The way you handle food in your own kitchenwhich,unlike a restaurant,doesnt have to obeyhealth regulationscan just as easily make you sick.Here are some most overlooked food safety guidelines.Wash your hands properlyThis might seem like the most obvious food-safety practice.However,most people dont bother to do it.Andthe minority that does wash doesnt do it properlywhich might be even more dangerous,because they thinktheyre protecting themselves and their families,when they arent._17_._18_Chances are,youve probably taken a bite of something in the fridge thats just a teeny bit past the expirationdate,in an effort to see if its safe to cat the rest of it.If its gone dangerously bad,it should taste extremelyunpleasant,right?_19_.According to the U.S.Department of Agricuture,there is one type of bacteria whichtypically dont change the taste,smell or appearance of food.Wash fruit and veggies,even if youre going to peel them_20_.The problem is that when you cut away the unwashed skin and then use the same knife to cut upwhats underncath,you actually may be spreading bacteria from the outside to the inside.In fact,you cancontaminate the vegetables further if your salad bowl or sink is not clean.A.But there are many downsides.B.Better safe than sorryC.Dont taste food to see if its good.D.However,drinking heavily increases the risk of diabetes.E.Why wash them when you are not going to eat the skin?F.But those arent the only places you might get food poisoning.G.Youre supposed to wash your hand with running water,add soap and wash for at least 20 seconds.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When I was growing up,I had an oldneighbor,a physician named Doctor Gibbs.He didnt look likeany_21_Id ever known.We often played in his yard.But he never_22_us for making a mess in hisyard.WhenDoctor Gibbs wasnt_23_lives,he was planting trees in his yard.Hehad someinteresting_24_aboutplantingtrees.He_25_theprincipleNopains,nogains.He_26_watered his new trees,which flew in the face of conventional（传统的）wisdom.Once I asked whyand he told me that_27_plants spoiled（宠坏）them because it made them grow_28_.He said hehad to make things_29_for the trees so that only the strongest could_30_.He talked about howwatering trees made them develop shallow_31_and how,if they were not watered,trees would growdeep roots in search of water.So,_32_watering his trees every morning,hed beat them with a rolled-upnewspaper to help the trees build up_33_.After he died,I walked by his_34_and looked at the trees,which were all tall and strong.I planted acouple of trees myself a few years ago.Two years of_35_these trees meant they grew weak.Whenever acoldwindblew,theirbranchestrembled.HardshipseemedtobenefitDoctorGibbstreesinways_36_and case never could exist.Every night,before I go to bed,I check on my two sons.I often pray that their lives will be easy.But_37_Ive been thinking that its time to change my_38_.I know my children are goingto_39_hardship.What I need to do is to pray for deep roots,so when the rain falls and the wind blows,they wont be_40_.21.A.doctorB.teacherC.lawyerD.farmer22.A.likedB.admiredC.respectedD.blamed23.A.savingB.losingC.changing
