上海初中英语被动语态.pdf

.考情分析考情分析20092013考情分析五年考情分析被动语态五年考情分析被动语态时间时间占分占分题号题号考点考点2009 年0 分无考察无考察2010 年1 分第 42 题单项选择，将来时被动2011 年2 分第 69 题句转，一般将来被动2012 年2 分第 70 题句转；一般现在被动2013 年6 分第 693 题句转；一般过去被动考点解读考点解读1、思维导图-优选.千万不要忘记还有：情态动词千万不要忘记还有：情态动词+be done+be done 哦！哦！1.1.把握动词类型把握动词类型,区分被动与否区分被动与否1)1)及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态eg:Welisten tothe teachercarefully in class.主谓宾The teacheris listened toby uscarefully in class.主谓介词短语比拟比拟:Great changes have taken placein China.(正确)Great changes have been taken placein China.(错误)The dolphin disappeared in the deep sea.(正确)The dolphin was disappeared in the deep sea.(错误)2)2)初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况a)系动词无被动The dish tastes delicious.The apple smells sweet.b)某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash,write,sell,readThe play reads better than it acts.This kind of cloth washes well.(耐洗)The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。-优选.The book is so interesting that it sells well.“sell此处为不及物动词“销售起来.作及物动词为“卖、出售c)Need+V-ing“需要被.My car needs repairing.我的车需要修理d)4)Tooto 句型 The box is too heavy to life.e)5)不及物动词 appear,disappear,fail,happen,last,remain,spread,break out,e true,takeplace,belong to 等比拟 rise,fall,happen 是不及物动词；raise,seat 是及物动词。(错)The price has been risen.(对)The price has risen.(错)The accident was happened last week.(对)The accident happened last week.(错)The price has raised.(对)The price has been raised.3)3)双宾语的被动语态双宾语的被动语态有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动构造谓语后面。需要注意的是：假设把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to。eg.He often tells usinterestingstories.主动语态Weareoftentoldinterestin gstoriesbyhim.被动语态Interestin gstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.常带双宾语的词有：tell、show、lend、pass、give、buy 等。4)4)toto 的“前世今生的“前世今生在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要复原。eg.I often hear hersing this popular song.主动语态宾语 宾语补足语复合宾语She is often heard to sing this popular song.被动语态 有这种用法的常用动词有：一感二听三使四看，主动语态to 省略，被动语态 to 复原。see sb do sth主动语态sb be seen to do被动语态一感feel二听hear、listen to三使使役动词make、let、have 马兰花四看see、watch、notice、observe5)5)系表构造系表构造 PKPK 被动语态被动语态有些“be+过去分词的构造并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表构造即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语。eg:-优选.1(系表结构)The door is closed.门是关着的。(被动语态)The door is closed by Fengping.这个门是由冯平来关的。(系表结构)The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是坏的的。(被动语态)The glass was broken by Mary.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏2典型例题【例 1】2013 年 42 题Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends,QQ _ MSNA)andB)butC)orD)so【答案】C【解析】此题考察的是并列连词的选择关系，主要考察对前后句逻辑关系的理解和判断。常考的一些并列连词还有 not onlybut also,eitheror,neithernor,as well as等【例 2】2013 年 43 题I hate travelling by air _ we usually have to wait for hours before the plane takesoff.A)becauseB)thoughC)untilD)unless【答案】A【解析】此题考察连词中的附属连词之原因状语从句，主要考察上下句逻辑关系。主要考察词汇见附属连词考点讲解【例 3】2013 年 70 题This years car exhibition was very special.It attracted many visitors.(合并成一句)This years car exhibition was _ special_ it attracted many visitors.【答案】so,that【解析】此题考察连词中的附属连词之结果状语从句，主要考察上下句逻辑关系。主要考察词汇见附属连词考点讲解之结果状语从句【例 4】2012 年 73 题Is it the first boys-only school in the city asked a parent.(改为宾语从句)A parent asked _ it _ the first boys-only school in the city.【答案】if/whether【解析】此题考察连词中的附属连词之宾语从句，主要考察直接引语转换成间接引语时引导词的选择。主要考点 that+一般述句；if/whether+一般疑问句；wh-+特殊疑问句【例 5】2012 年 40 题_ Tony_ Frank likes the CD.They think the music is too noisy.A)Neither.norB)Either.orC)Both.andD)Not only.but also【答案】A【解析】此题考察连词中的并列连词之联合关系，本句主要考察上下句的句意和主谓一致关系。常见考点有 neither.nor;either.or;both.and;not only.but also;as well as.具体用法见并列连词考点之并列连词。-优选.学法点睛识记下面的表格，是掌握被动语态的前提哦！识记下面的表格，是掌握被动语态的前提哦！8 8 大时态的被动语态大时态的被动语态现在时现在时一般现在时一般现在时态态amam谓语动谓语动 is isp.p.p.p.词构成词构成 areare过去时过去时 一般过去时一般过去时态态谓语动谓语动词构成词构成waswaswerewere现在进展时现在进展时amamis isbeingbeingp.p.p.p.areare过去进展时过去进展时一般将来时一般将来时现在完成时现在完成时willwill bebep.p.p.p.amamhavehavehashasbeenbeenp.p.p.p.is isgoing togoing to bebe p.p.p.p.areare过去将来时过去将来时wouldwould bebep.p.p.p.waswasgoing togoing tobebep.p.p.p.werewere过去完成时过去完成时waswasp.p.p.p.beingbeingp.p.p.p.werewerehadhad beenbeenp.p.p.p.2.2.情态动词情态动词+notnot+be+be+p.p.p.p.注注 p.p.p.p.表及物动词的过去分词3.3.被动语态口诀，帮你解决考试烦恼！被动语态口诀，帮你解决考试烦恼！被动语态强调“宾，用 be 加上“过去分。“be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。“行为对象作主语，逻辑主语“by来引。原句假设是双宾语，一变“主来一保“宾。“间宾要把主语变，原来“直宾还是“宾。“直宾要把主语变，“间宾前加“to最满意。唯有原“宾是“复合，只有变宾要留神。原句“宾补变“主补，位置不必挪寸分。情态动词变“被动，情态加be 加过分。如假设“情态后带to，变后有 to 才弄准。“短语动词变“被动，相当“及物莫疑心。不过其后“介或“副，变后还得要成认。过关检测过关检测稳固测试：1、奉贤 2014 一模 40 题Have you heard about that car accident near the schoolYes,luckily no one _.A)HurtB)was hurtC)were hurt2、虹口 2014 一模 43 题D)has hurt-优选.Before the bridge _,the local people had to reach the other side by ferry.A)is builtB)will be builtC)was builtD)has been built3、宝山 2014 一模 37 题A lot of water _ in Shanghai every year.Its a big problem.A)wastesB)is wastedC)have been wastedD)is wasting4、静安 2014 一模 42 题Our next school sports meeting _ in two months time.A)will holdB)has heldC)is heldD)will be held5、闵行 2014 一模 39 题Free Film tickets _to children in some cinemas in Shanghai on Childrens Day everyyear.A)offerB)will offerC)are offeredD)were offered6、闸北 2014 一模 37 题The Trojan War _by Helen and her beauty.AcausesBis causedCcausedDwas caused7、长宁 2014 一模 39 题A lot of students in this university _abroad as exchange students every year.A)are sentB)were sentC)will sendD)send8、浦 2014 一模 44 题We will shorten the municating time after the new bridge _.A)will pleteB)pletesC)will be pletedD)is pletely9、金山 2014 一模 40 题The 22nd Winter Olympics will _in Sochi early this year.A)be heldB)heldC)holdD)being held10、金山 2013 二模 45 题Xi Jinping _president of the Peoples Republic of China(PRC)in March,2013.A)electB)is electedC)electedD)was elected11、静安 2014 一模 66 题We must think of a plot before we start to write a story(改为被动态)A plot must _ _ of before we start to write a story.12、徐汇 2014 一模 64 题Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.(改为被动语态)She _ _ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.13、普陀 2014 一模 67 题The government will rebuild more old buildings in the ing years.(被动语态)More old buildings will _ _ by the government in the ing years.14、虹口 2013 一模 73 题Some shop owners use Christmas songs during the festive season to make us more careless withour money.(改为被动语态)Christmas songs _ _to make us more careless with our money during thefestive season.15、奉贤 2013 二模 71 题Anna invited me to her birthday party last month.(改为被动语态)-优选.I _ _ to Annas birthday party last month.提升测试：1、黄浦 2013 二模 43 题Another big swimming pool with modern facilities _ in the munity next year.A.buildB.builtC.buildsD.will be built2、静安、青浦 2013 二模 47 题Visitors from Africa _ around this beautiful city next week.A)showB)will showC)are shownD)will be shown3、闵行 2013 二模 47 题Teenagers under 19years old _ to visit this website according to the rules last year.A.werent allowedB.werent allowingC.wont be allowedD.havent beenallowed4、松江 2013 二模 48 题That ancient tower is part of our citys history.It _ many years ago.A)buildsB)builtC)was builtD)is built5、闸北 2013 二模 46 题Lei Feng_ for his warm heart and kind deeds.We should learn from him.A)knowsB)is knownC)was knownD)has known6、闸北 2012 一模 44 题Its terrible to hear that some students _ when they took a school bus.A)killedB)are killedC)were killedD)have killed7、闵行 2012 一模 42 题Dont worry,your package _ here until you e back,so enjoy shopping here.A.keptB.was keepingC.has been keptD.will be kept8、金山 2012 一模 40 题Have you moved into your new flat,Mr.SmithNot yet,the rooms _ next month.A.are paintedB.are paintingC.will paintD.will be painted9、黄浦 2012 一模 42 题The children _ by the funny performance in Shanghai Circus World.A.attractB.attractedC.are attractingD.were attracted10、长宁 2012 一模 43 题The taxi base fare(起步价)in Shanghai _ from 12yuan to 14 Yuan last August.A.raisedB.was raisedC.has raisedD.has been raised11、长宁 2013 一模 71 题Jane wrote several articles about memory last month.(改为被动语态)Several articles about memory _ _ by Jane last month.12、黄浦 2013 一模 70 题Mrs.Bush will allow me to take the exam even I missed so many lessons.(改为被动语态)I will _ _ to take the exam by Mrs.Bush even I missed so many lessons.13、浦东 2013 一模 72 题Chinese people invented black tea during the Ming Dynasty.(改为被动语态)-优选.Black tea _ _ by Chinese people during the Ming Dynasty.14、静安 2013 一模 70 题Kitty expressed many thanks to her parents on Thanksgiving Day.(改为被动语态)Many thanks _ _ by Kitty to her parents on Thanksgiving Day.15、闵行 2013 一模 71 题Our class teacher chose our monitor to take part in the English reading contest last week.改为被动语态Our monitor _ _ to take part in the English reading contest last week.附【参考答案】附【参考答案】稳固测试：1、B2、C3、B4、D5、C6、D7、A8、D9、A10、D11、be thought12、has been13、be rebuilt14、are used 15、was invited提升测试：1、D2、D3、A4、C5、B6、C7、D8、D9、D10、B11、were written12、be allowed13、wasinvented 14、were expressed 15、was chosen-优选