《易混动词辨析》PPT课件.ppt

词汇专题复习词汇专题复习:一、考纲要求一、考纲要求1.掌握动词词义的掌握动词词义的辨析辨析。2.掌握动词的搭配，尤其是掌握动词的搭配，尤其是高频动词高频动词的用法和的用法和搭配。搭配。3.掌握掌握及物及物动词和动词和不及不及物动词的特殊用法。物动词的特殊用法。4.熟记高频动词构成的短语的用法。（如：熟记高频动词构成的短语的用法。（如：break,bring,call,come,cut,carry,catch,fall,give,go,get,hold,keep,look,make,put,pick,pull,set,show,take,turn)二、动词的分类二、动词的分类按照按照 用法用法分：分：1._：有及物和：有及物和不及物之分。及物动词带宾语，不及物不及物之分。及物动词带宾语，不及物动词不带宾语。动词不带宾语。2._:帮助句子构成否定、疑帮助句子构成否定、疑问等句型，不能单独作谓语。如：问等句型，不能单独作谓语。如：do,does,did,have,has,had等。等。4._：常接形容词、名词、分常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，没有进行时和被动语态。词和不定式等，没有进行时和被动语态。3._如：如：can/may/could/might实意动词实意动词/行为动词行为动词助动词助动词情态动词情态动词系动词系动词感官类感官类似乎证明类：似乎证明类：持续类：持续类：变化类：变化类：feel,sound,look,taste,smell,keep,stay,remain,lie,stand，continuebecome,go,grow,get,turn;come,fall,run 系动词：系动词：按照意按照意义分义分延续性动词：延续性动词：非延续性动词：非延续性动词：可以与表示可以与表示一段一段时间的状语时间的状语连用，如连用，如:for two days.这些这些瞬间瞬间动词不能与表示动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。一段时间的状语连用。seem,appear，provebe1.stand连连系系动词动词处处于于(某种状况或局面某种状况或局面)The alliance stands ready to do what is necessary.联盟已准备好采取必要行动。2.keepfit/healthy=stayhealthykeepquiet/silent/calmremainaworker/standingthere/broken/single/seated1）.Peoplestayedsilentandlistenedtousandapplaudedattheend.2）.Forthesereasons,IbelievetheInternetremainsapositivetoolthathelpsmakeourlivesbetter.1).Theboywillgomadifyoudontallowhimtousethecomputer.2).Hegetseasilyexcitedwhenplayingcomputergames.3).Shefellasleepthemomentshegotintobed.4).Heisonthewaytobecomingadoctor/turningdoctor.5).TheInternetturnedoutofgreatvaluetousduringourproject.6)Thetheoryhestucktoprovedcorrectatlast系动词的固定搭配系动词的固定搭配:(1)fall asleep/ill/short/lame(变瘸变瘸)(2)keep fit/healthy/calm/cool/quiet/fine/fresh/awake/silent(3)run dry/short/wild(无拘束无拘束)(4)stay young/open/(5)remain broken/single/seated (6)go mad/bad/wrong/pale go/turn red/green(7)get married/burnt/changed/charged/paid/used(accustomed)to/involved in/separated.1.It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house.A.left B.remained C.delayedD.deserted B解析解析remain作不及物动词，意为作不及物动词，意为“逗留；留下逗留；留下”，没有被动语态。没有被动语态。2.Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.to seat B.to be seatedB.C.seating D.seated解析解析remain在此用作连系动词在此用作连系动词,意为意为“保持某种状保持某种状态态”,后可跟名词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词后可跟名词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词,不定式的被动式作表语不定式的被动式作表语.“seated”作表语。作表语。D三、考点分布三、考点分布考点一：系动词的特殊用法考点一：系动词的特殊用法3.Emergency line operators must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.A.growB.appear C.becomeD.stay D解析解析 stay calm“保持镇静保持镇静”,stay用作系动词用作系动词,意为意为“保持保持(某种状态某种状态)”。A、C两项是表示动态变化的动词两项是表示动态变化的动词,不符合句意；不符合句意；appear意为意为“看上去看上去”,也不符合句意；。也不符合句意；。4.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher.A.makeB.turnC.getD.grow A解析解析make表示表示“使成为使成为”,为及物动词；为及物动词；turn为系为系动词，表示动词，表示“变成变成,变为变为”，后面跟名词时，一般没有冠，后面跟名词时，一般没有冠词。词。考点二：使役动词的用法考点二：使役动词的用法英语中常见的使役动词有：英语中常见的使役动词有：have,make,let,get,send,set,keep,leavehave/let/make sb._ sth.get sb._ sth.“让某人做什么让某人做什么”do to do“使使被做被做”have/make/get sth._ done在被动句中：在被动句中：Some students were made _(stay)in the classroom after school.to stay 动词不定式动词不定式”to”不能省略。不能省略。让某人一直做某事让某人一直做某事 have sb._ doing sth.5.Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period.A.improvedB.improving C.to improveD.improve A6.Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep D解析解析:“to keep the little sick bird”为动词不定式为动词不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。短语，在句中作目的状语。1)makemyvoiceheard/makeherselfunderstood2)havethebabycrying/thehorserunning/oneswalletstolen/hishaircut/sbdohomework3)getmyshoesrepaired/themachinerunning4)leavethemealuntouched/homeworkunfinished/thelightburning5)Theangrywomansentthedishesflying.6)Thesightofhersethisheartbeatingfaster.7)Ihavegotmye-mailworkingagain.8)Sorrytokeepyouwaiting.Sumup:使役动词：使役动词：make/have/get/leave/keep/set/send的用法？的用法？make+sb+domake+oneself/sth+donehave+sb/sth+doing/done/doget+sb+todoget+sth+done/doing(让让.启动启动)leave+sb/sth+doing/donekeep+sb/sth+doing/doneset/send+sb+doing(使使.发生发生)1.【2012四川】四川】6.Tomtookataxitotheairport,only_hisplanehighupinthesky.A.findingB.tofindC.beingfoundD.tohavefound2.【2012四川】四川】8.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towindB.windC.windingD.wound3.【2012四川】四川】12.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar_.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash中中文文 原原形形过过去式去式过过去分去分词词现现在分在分词词vi./vt.放放lay躺躺lie说谎说谎lie laidlaidlayingvt.laylainlyingvi.liedliedlyingvi.a.词形相近的动词辨析：词形相近的动词辨析：lay,lie;rise,raise,arise,arouse;require,request,acquire 等等 考点三：易混动词的辨析考点三：易混动词的辨析7.The story of the homeless orphan has _ sympathy from the public.A.arousedB.risenC.raised D.arisen A arouse：vt.引起，激起；激发；唤醒引起，激起；激发；唤醒 arise:vi.发生，产生；出现，引起；起床，起立发生，产生；出现，引起；起床，起立 8.The good thing about children is that they _ very easily to new environments.A.adapt B.appeal C.attachD.apply A解析根据句意解析根据句意,“关于孩子们美好的事情就是孩子们关于孩子们美好的事情就是孩子们能很容易适应新的环境能很容易适应新的环境”。adapt to“适应适应”;appeal to“有吸引力有吸引力,有感染力；呼吁；求助于；上诉有感染力；呼吁；求助于；上诉”等等;attach to“粘上粘上,附上附上”;apply to“应用于应用于,适应于适应于”。b.词义相近的动词辨析，词义相近的动词辨析，如：如：win,beat,defeat;speak,tell,say,talk;cost,spend,take,pay等。等。9.What should I do first?The instructions _ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.A.goB.tell C.write D.say D解析句意为解析句意为“我应该先做什么？我应该先做什么？”“说明书上说说明书上说你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好.“表示表示“东西上说或写着东西上说或写着时时”要用要用say或或read,如：如：The board says/reads,“Keep off the grass.”牌子上写牌子上写着：着：“勿踏草地。勿踏草地。”10.Her shoes _ her dress;they look very well together.A.suit B.fitC.compareD.match解析解析suit 指时间、口味、颜色等合指时间、口味、颜色等合适适；fit 指大小、尺指大小、尺寸合适；寸合适；compare比较比较,对照；对照；match 指颜色、款式等的指颜色、款式等的搭配。搭配。D11.In this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.-I cant agree more.Its great to have the two _.A.linked B.related C.connected D.combined D解析解析A.;联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；B.与与有某种联系有某种联系;C.连接连接,连结；连结；;D.使联合使联合,使结合；使结合；Can you tell the differences?1.adapt/adjust/adopt2.arouse/arise/rise/raise3.acquire/require/request4.expose/export/explode/explore5.sit/seat lose/miss6.see/look/watch/notice stare/glance/glare7.win/beat/defeat have on/wear/dress8.cost/spend/take/pay9.speak/say/talk/tell10.take/bring/fetch/carryBrain storm考点四：常用动词的搭配考点四：常用动词的搭配掌握常用动词与名词的搭配，动词与介词、副词的搭掌握常用动词与名词的搭配，动词与介词、副词的搭配以及与动词不定式、动名词的搭配。配以及与动词不定式、动名词的搭配。12.What are you doing out of bed,Tom?Youre _ to be asleep.A.supposed B.known C.thought D.considered A【解解析析】be supposed to do sth.“应应该该做做什么什么”13.Parents _ much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.A attach B pay C link D apply A【解析】【解析】attach importance to“重视重视”14.Why dont you just _ your own business and leave me alone?A.make B.openC.considerD.mind D【解解析析】mind your own business“想想自自己己的的事事；少管闲事少管闲事”考点五：高频动词构成的短语辨析考点五：高频动词构成的短语辨析1.多练，多积累。多练，多积累。2.多比较，多联想。多比较，多联想。3.根据所搭配的介词或副词本身的根据所搭配的介词或副词本身的含义，大胆猜测。含义，大胆猜测。4.注意及物动词短语和不及物动词注意及物动词短语和不及物动词短语的区别。短语的区别。Tips15.Some insects _ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.A.take in B.take off C.take on D.take out【解解析析】take on“呈呈现现，显显现现”；take in“吸吸收收；欺欺骗骗”；take off“脱脱掉掉；起起飞飞；成成名名”；take out“拿拿出出，取取出出”。C16.He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.A.putting down B.putting off C.putting on D.putting up D【解析】【解析】put down 放下，平定放下，平定,镇压，记下；镇压，记下；put off 推推迟；迟；put on 穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up 举举起，建立，张贴，投宿。起，建立，张贴，投宿。16.Would you mind repeating that?I didnt quite _.A.catch on Bmake up Cfind out Dtake over A【解析】【解析】catch on“理解；明白理解；明白”；句意：你介意再重；句意：你介意再重复一遍吗？我不太明白。复一遍吗？我不太明白。make up“组成；编造组成；编造”；find out“找出；查明找出；查明”；take over“接管接管”。17.Smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just _ sweet dreams.A.keep up with B.put up with C.end up with D.catch up with解析解析keep up with 保持保持,put up with 忍受忍受,end up with 以以 为结束为结束 catch up with 赶上。赶上。C18.It is required that all traffic participants should _ the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.A.perform B.observe C.support D.possess B【解析】【解析】observe“遵守（规则、法则）；庆祝，欢度；遵守（规则、法则）；庆祝，欢度；说话，评论；注意到，观察说话，评论；注意到，观察19.Just as Professor Scotti often _ it,success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.A.gets B.makes C.puts D.means C解析正像解析正像Professor Scotti提出的提出的,成功是来自成功是来自99%的汗水。的汗水。put“表达，表述表达，表述”。考查的难点考查的难点1.易混的基础动词及其词组。易混的基础动词及其词组。2.与汉语习惯有出入的动词用法。与汉语习惯有出入的动词用法。如：如：marry sb.“和某人结婚和某人结婚”；serve the people“为人民服务为人民服务”；3.部分基础动词及其词组的较高级用法。部分基础动词及其词组的较高级用法。留心对留心对“一词多义、旧词新意一词多义、旧词新意”的考查。的考查。