school-bullying校园霸凌.ppt

BullyingWhat is Bullying?Peer bullying is the repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviors directed by one or more children toward another child.These actions are intended to deliberately inflict physical,verbal,or emotional abuse.(Hendershot,2006).Types of BullyingVerbal threatsVerbal insultsUse of nicknamesPhysical threats assault or theftSocial acts of exclusion from peer groupCyber-bullying through electronic means such as e-mail or cell phonesWhere Does Bullying Occur?Bullying is more likely to occur in less structured settings such as recess,lunch,athletic competitions,or on the school bus.Prevalence of Bullying1 of 4 children are bullied77%of students are bullied mentally,verbally,and physically1 of 5 kids admit to being a bully8%of students miss 1 day of class per month for fear of bullies43%fear harassment in the school bathroomEvery 7 minutes a child is bullied on the playgroundWhen does bullying begin?Bullying generally begins in the elementary grades,peaks in the sixth through eight grades,and persists into high school.Bullying is more prevalent among males than females and is more frequent among middle school-aged youth than high school-aged youth.Males vs.FemalesMales generally engage in physical and verbal bullyingFemales generally engage in relational bullying such as ostracism,prejudice,and spreading rumors Potential Victims of BullyingChildren with diabetesChildren who are less physically attractiveChildren who are overweightChildren who are disabledChildren who perform poorly in schoolChildren with learning disabilities or ADHDChildren who are passiveChildren with personality,behavioral,and social differencesChildren who are gay or lesbianPotential BulliesChildren who have a history of being bullied by other children.Children with a history of childhood physical,sexual,or verbal abuse.Children who have learning disabilitiesChildren who have ADHDConsequences of BullyingProblem behaviors,such as smoking and drinking alcohol.Social isolationPoor academic performanceA bullied child may imitate the bullying behavior and become aggressive.More than twice as likely to commit homicide.History Does the child feel safe at school?Does the child feel safe on the playground,or in the bathroom?Does the child have frequent absenteeism?Does the child exhibit depression,loneliness,low self esteem,aggression,social isolation,poor academics?Does the child exhibit a loss of appetite or have nightmares?Does the child exhibit school phobia?Current Trends in ManagementReferral to school nurse,school counselor,principal,social worker and/or school police.Mediation between bully and the bullied child,and their parents,if necessary.Current Trends in ManagementTraining for educators and school nurses to readily identify those who bully and those who are at risk for being bullied.Peer mediation training for studentsCurrent Trends in ManagementProtection and counseling for child who has been bullied.Counseling for the bully.School-wide bullying prevention programs with a multidisciplinary approach.Social skills training,conflict management training,role playing to empower children.Creation of safe environment at school with adequate adult supervision.Current Trends in ManagementPeer support groups.Consistent disciplinary responses and enforcement of codes of behavior.Role models and mentors for students.Resources for Parents,Teachers,and School NursesResourceswww.nasn.org National Association of School Nurses position statements and issue briefshttp:/www.dontlaugh.org/http:/ www.bullypolice.org ReferencesDavis,C.(2006).Schools out for bullying.Nursing standard,20(21).P.24-25.Hendershot,C.,Dake,J.,Price,J.,&Lartey,G.(2006).Elementary school nurses perceptions of student bullying.The journal of school nursing,22(4).p.229-236.HAPPY BIRTHDAYAMY