九年级中考英语语法知识梳理-结果、方式、对比、让步状语从句.docx

九年级中考英语语法知识梳理结果、方式、对比、让步状语从句结果状语从句在句中表示结果的状语从句叫结果状语从句。引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that，so .that .，such .that .等。1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词及用法（1）so that引导结果状语从句意为“以致；结果”。如：We arrived early，so that we got good seats.我们到得很早，因此我们座位很好。He studied hard so that he passed the exam.他学习用功，所以考试通过了。（2）so .that .引导结果状语从句意为“如此以至于”。如：It was so hot that we wanted to go swimming.天气太热，我们想去游泳。It was so dark that he couldn't see the faces of others.天是那样黑，其他人的脸他都看不见了。（3）such .that .引导结果状语从句意为“如此以至于”。如：They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他们。She is such a good teacher that all the students like her.她是那么好的老师，每个学生都喜欢她。注意：so .that和such .that中的that有时（尤其在口语中）可省略。如：I am so busy I have no time to write a letter.我很忙，连写信的时间都没有。There was such a lot of rain （that）we couldn't go out.雨那么大，我们没法出去。2.结果状语从句的位置结果状语从句总是位于主句的后面。如：It was very cold so that the river froze.天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。Xiao Liu finished his work so well that the boss praised him in public.小刘工作完成得好，结果老板当众表扬了他。It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.这是一个很重的箱子，谁也搬不走。3.so .that与such .that 的用法辨析so .that .与such .that .都表示“如此以至于”，so后接形容词或副词，而such后接名词。但有时“so+形容词”后还可接一个名词，且这个名词总是带不定冠词的单数可数名词，而不能是复数名词或不可数名词。如：正 He is so clever a child that we all like him.这小孩很聪明，我们都喜欢他。正 They are such clever children that we all like them.这些孩子很聪明，我们都很喜欢。误 They are so clever children that we all like them.注意：so .that .句型可与such .that .句型相互转换。如：It's such an interesting film that we all want to see it.这电影很有趣，我们都想看。It's so interesting a film that we all want to see it.这电影很有趣，我们都想看。在much，many，little，few 这四个词前总是用so而不用such。如：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了许多跤，结果全身都是伤。He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family.他赚的钱很少，几乎不能养家糊口。so .that和such .that有时引导的并不是结果状语从句，应注意区分。如：I'm so happy that you could visit us.我很高兴你能来看望我们。（其中的so用于加强语气，相当于very，that后引导的是宾语从句。）It's such a great pleasure that you are here.你在这里，真是令人非常高兴。（其中的that后引导的是主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。）结果状语从句在句中表示结果的状语从句叫结果状语从句。引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that，so .that .，such .that .等。1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词及用法（1）so that引导结果状语从句意为“以致；结果”。如：We arrived early，so that we got good seats.我们到得很早，因此我们座位很好。He studied hard so that he passed the exam.他学习用功，所以考试通过了。（2）so .that .引导结果状语从句意为“如此以至于”。如：It was so hot that we wanted to go swimming.天气太热，我们想去游泳。It was so dark that he couldn't see the faces of others.天是那样黑，其他人的脸他都看不见了。（3）such .that .引导结果状语从句意为“如此以至于”。如：They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them.他们都是出色的运动员，没有人能战胜他们。She is such a good teacher that all the students like her.她是那么好的老师，每个学生都喜欢她。注意：so .that和such .that中的that有时（尤其在口语中）可省略。如：I am so busy I have no time to write a letter.我很忙，连写信的时间都没有。There was such a lot of rain （that）we couldn't go out.雨那么大，我们没法出去。2.结果状语从句的位置结果状语从句总是位于主句的后面。如：It was very cold so that the river froze.天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。Xiao Liu finished his work so well that the boss praised him in public.小刘工作完成得好，结果老板当众表扬了他。It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.这是一个很重的箱子，谁也搬不走。3.so .that与such .that 的用法辨析so .that .与such .that .都表示“如此以至于”，so后接形容词或副词，而such后接名词。但有时“so+形容词”后还可接一个名词，且这个名词总是带不定冠词的单数可数名词，而不能是复数名词或不可数名词。如：正 He is so clever a child that we all like him.这小孩很聪明，我们都喜欢他。正 They are such clever children that we all like them.这些孩子很聪明，我们都很喜欢。误 They are so clever children that we all like them.注意：so .that .句型可与such .that .句型相互转换。如：It's such an interesting film that we all want to see it.这电影很有趣，我们都想看。It's so interesting a film that we all want to see it.这电影很有趣，我们都想看。在much，many，little，few 这四个词前总是用so而不用such。如：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了许多跤，结果全身都是伤。He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family.他赚的钱很少，几乎不能养家糊口。so .that和such .that有时引导的并不是结果状语从句，应注意区分。如：I'm so happy that you could visit us.我很高兴你能来看望我们。（其中的so用于加强语气，相当于very，that后引导的是宾语从句。）It's such a great pleasure that you are here.你在这里，真是令人非常高兴。（其中的that后引导的是主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。）方式状语从句在句中用作方式状语的从句叫方式状语从句。引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as，as if，as though等。（1）as引导方式状语从句意为“按照；像”；as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在（just）as .so .结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如；就像”，多用于正式文体。如：You should do as I told you.你应当按我告诉你的去做。You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具。Just as we sweep our rooms，so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。（2）as if引导方式状语从句意为“仿佛；好像”。I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.整件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生。He behaves as if he were a child.他的举止就像个孩子。（3）as though引导方式状语从句与as if意思相同，意为“仿佛；好像”。如：He closed his eyes as though he were too tired.他闭着眼睛，好像太累了。He looked about as though he was in search of something.他四下张望，好像寻找什么。让步状语从句在句中相当于让步状语的从句叫让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句的从属连词有although，though，even if，even though，whatever，however，whoever，wherever，whenever，no matter what，no matter how，no matter who，no matter where，no matter when等。（1）although和though引导让步状语从句同义，意为“虽然；尽管”；although和though引导的让步状语从句大都放在主句前，但也可以放在主句后。如：Although/Though they are poor，they are happy.虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。Though he is very old，he works hard.尽管他老了，但仍努力工作。注意：英语中表示“虽然”的连词although和though不能与表示“但是”的连词 but 连用，但可以与yet或 still 等副词连用。如：误 Though it was raining，but he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。正 Though it was raining，he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。正 It was raining，but he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。正 Though it was raining，yet he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，但他还是到那里去了。although和though在多数情况下可以通用，但和even连用时用though而不用although，这里的even though=even if，意思是“即使也”。如：Even though we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用though，而不用although。如：Though all the world were against me，I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。though可以独立用作副词，放在句末，意为“还是；仍然；可是；然而”，although没有这样的用法。如：It's hard work.I enjoy it，though.工作很苦，可是我喜欢。though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。如：Bravely though they fought，they had no chance of winning.虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。（2）even if，even though引导让步状语从句意为“即使”，多数情况下二者也可通用。如：I'll go even if/though it snows.即使下雪我也要去。Even though/if you say so，I do not believe it.即使你这么说，我也不信。注意：even though和even if引导让步状语从句的细微区别是，even if 引导的从句往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”；even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。如：Even if it rains tomorrow，we won't change our plan.即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。They'll stand by you even if you don't succeed.即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。Even though it's hard work，I enjoy it.虽然工作艰苦，我还是很喜欢。He went out even though it was raining.尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。（3）whatever，no matter what引导让步状语从句意为“无论什么”。如：I will give you whatever you want.无论你要什么我都会给你。No matter what happens，I'll stand by you.不管发生什么事，我都支持你。（4）however，no matter how引导让步状语从句意为“无论怎样；不管怎样”。如：However tired you may be，you must do it today.不管多么累，你都必须今天做。No matter how hard it is，don't give up.不管有多大困难，不要放弃。（5）whoever，no matter who引导让步状语从句意为“无论是谁”。如：I'll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。You can't go，whoever you are.不管你是谁，你都不能走。No matter who you are，you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，你必须遵守制度。（6）wherever，no matter where引导让步状语从句意为“无论在哪里”。如：Wherever you go，I will be right here waiting for you.无论你去哪里，我就在这儿等你。Wherever you drive，you should obey the traffic rules.无论你在哪里开车，都应当遵守交通规则。No matter where you go，never forget that you're a Chinese.无论走到哪里，都不要忘了你是个中国人。（7）whenever，no matter when引导让步状语从句意为“无论什么时候”。如：Whenever I am in trouble，my best friend Li Lei always helps me.无论什么时候我有困难，我最好的朋友李雷总是帮助我。No matter when you come back，don't wake me up.不管你什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。【习题速递】1. _ Mike didn't win the race，he was still wearing a smile on his face.A.If B.Since C.Although D.Because2. When will he come？ When _，I'll let you know.A.does he come B.he comesC.will he come D.he will come3. Mike，what were your parents doing at 8：00 last night？ My mother was reading _ my father was playing computer games.A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as4. _ they were quite tired，_ they continued working.A.Though，/ B.Although，but C.Because，so5. _ the dinner was all over，everyone helped wash the dishes.A.How B.When C.Before D.Why6. What do you think of your Junior Middle School life？ I think it is colourful，_ I am always busy.A.if B.though C.while D.until【答案点拨】1.答案：C 句意：尽管迈克没有赢得比赛，但他脸上仍然带着笑容。由句意可知，表示“尽管”用although引导让步状语从句，故选C。2.答案：B 句意：“他什么时候来？”“当他来的时候，我就告诉你。”when引导时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选B。3.答案：A 句意：“迈克，8点时你父母在做什么？”“我妈妈在读书，而我爸爸在玩电脑游戏。”由语法while引导时间状语从句用进行时可知选A。4.答案：A 句意：虽然他们相当累，但是他们还继续工作。根据主句和从句的关系可知是让步状语从句，although和but不能同时出现。故选A。5.答案：B 句意：当晚餐结束时，每个人都帮忙洗碗。表示“当的时候”用when引导时间状语从句，选B。6.答案：B 句意：“你觉得你的初中生活怎样？”“尽管我一直很忙，但我还是认为丰富多彩。”表示“尽管”用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。【语法专练 体验中考】1.You'd better travel around Nanjing with a local tour guide _ you want to know more about its culture.A.unless B.until C.although D.if2. We didn't enjoy the day _ the weather was so bad.A.because B.though C.unless D.till3. Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack？ Certainly，_ he comes back.A.before B.as soon as C.until D.unless4. Julie didn't leave office _ the police arrived.A.however B.whenever C.while D.until5. There will be less pollution _ more people use public transportation.A.but B.though C.unless D.if6 If Nick _ home too late，he _ his favourite cartoon.A.gets；misses B.gets；will missC.will get；misses D.will get；will miss7.Lily was _ hungry _ she ate three hamburgers in one go.A.too；to B.so；that C.enough；that8. Jenny，will you leave for the USA now？ No.It will be two weeks _ I leave here.A.until B.since C.before D.when9. Where was your dad at this time last night？ He was talking with my uncle _ I was looking for some information on the Internet.A.after B.until C.since D.while10. Did you watch the soccer game last night？Our school team won the game in the last minute！ Yes.I was _ excited _ I could not fall asleep.A.as；as B.so；as C.too；to D.so；that11 We will have a picnic _ it doesn't rain tomorrow.A.though B.unless C.until D.if12.Don't come into the office _ you are allowed.A.if B.when C.until13. We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics _ the Olympic flame （圣火）was lit.A.if B.unless C.since D.though14. I looked through my test paper again and again _ I wouldn't make any mistakes.A.so B.because C.so that15. I really want to join the square dance.Can I learn the dance well？ Yes，Mom！Nothing is impossible _ you put your heart into it！A.as long as B.as soon as C.even if D.unless【答案速递】1.D 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A学科网（北京）股份有限公司