Unit4知识详解与训练 人教新目标七年级英语下册.docx

Unit 4 Dont eat in class1、Dont run in the hallways. 不要在走廊里跑这是个祈使句。 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议的句子。通常省略主语you。它的谓语动词要用动词原形，句尾一般用降调。祈使句有肯定和否定两种。1)祈使句的肯定式。有时为了表达客气的语气，常在句首或句尾加please。例如：Do your homework after school. 放学后要做作业哦！Please sit down. 请坐。Come in , please. 请进。2)祈使句的否定式。在谓语动词前面加dont。 例如：Dont eat in class. 不要在课堂上吃东西。Dont tall loudly in the library. 不要在图书馆里大声说话。2、- What are the rules ? - Well, we cant arrive late for school. 哦，我们上课不能迟到。1) rule意为“规则”，可数名词。构成的短语有： obey the rules 遵守规章 be against / break the rules 违反规章 school rules 校规 class rules 班规2).arrive意为“到达”，不及物动词，不能直接跟表示地点的名词，要跟宾语必须加介词in或at。 “大地方”前用in；“小地方”前用at。get和reach均可表示“到达”。get也是不及物动词，后接介词to，再加宾语；reach是及物动词，后面直接可以带宾语。 例如：We arrived at school early this morning. 我们今天一早就到达学校了。 They arrived in Shanghai yesterday. 他们昨天到达了上海。They got to Shanghai yesterday. They reached Shanghai yesterday. 3).late意为“迟，晚”（形容词或副词） 例如：Sorry, Im late. 对不起，我迟到了。 be late for +n.（对）迟到 例如Dont be late for work / school / meeting. 上班 / 上学 / 开会不要迟到。3、have to与must的区别: （二者后面必须跟动词原形）have to（必须，不得不），是外在原因而不得不那样做,重点强调客观因素。 I have to get up at 6:00am.我不得不在六点钟起床。She has to finish the work today.她今天不得不完成这项工作。 肯定句变成一般疑问句需要用助动词does/do或did。因此，以上两句的一般疑问句为：Do you have to get up at 6:00am？Yes，I do./No, I dont.Does she has to finish the work today? Yes，doesNo, she doesn'tmust（必须），是说话者自己认为必须那样做,重点强调主观因素。I must do my homework every day.我必须每天做家庭作业。Tom must buy a pen for his brother. 汤姆必须给他弟弟买一枝钢笔。4、on school nights 在上学的晚上 on weekends 在周末 on weekdays 在工作日 介词on, in, at都可以表示时间，它们的用法上的区别是： 1).on表示时间时，一般用于某日，某天的上午，下午，晚上。 例如：on Saturday 在星期六 on Sunday morning 在周日早上 on March 8th 在三月8日 on the evening of May 1st 在五月一日的晚上 2) in 用于表示一段时间或季节（月份，年） 例如：in September 在九月 in 2004 在2004年 in summer 在夏天 in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上 / 下午 / 晚上 in the day 在白天 3)at表示时刻或某一时间点。例如：at ten oclock 在10点钟 at noon 在正午 at night 在晚上 at Christmas 在圣诞节5、I have to help my mom make dinner. 我必须帮助妈妈做晚餐。 1). help在这里做及物动词，后面可直接跟宾语。常见的结构有： help sb 帮助某人 例如：Please help him. 请帮助他。 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事。 例如：I help him clean the classroom. 我帮助他打扫教室。 2). help还可以做名词，意为“帮助”，是不可数名词。 例如：My friends give me lots of help. 我的朋友给我许多帮助。6、No talking! 禁止讲话！公共场所经常见到的标志，也是一种规章制度。它由no+ v-ing或no+ 名词构成，表示“不许做.”。例如：No smoking! 禁止吸烟 No parking! 禁止停车 No photo! 禁止拍照7、too many意为“太多”,后面跟可数名词复数；too much意为“太多”,后面跟不可数名词。例如：There are too many flowers in the garden.花园里的花太多了。I have too much homework this evening.今晚我的家庭作业太多了。Unit 4 练 习一、英汉互译1在课上 _ 2上课到晚了_ 3听音乐 _ 4不得不 _ 5放学后 _ 6meet my friends _ 7learn the piano _ 8be in bed _9no talking _10. school nights _二、单项选择（ ）1. Do you know when he _ that day?A. arrived B. got to C. arrived in D. reached（ ）2. We dont have to _ the uniforms.A. wear B. put on C. have on D. dress（ ）3. _ music in the classroom.A. Don't hear B. Can't hear C. Don't listen D. Don't listen to（ ）4. Ben _ breakfast every day.A. have to B. has to C. has to have D. has to has（ ）5. _ classroom is big. How about _?A. Our, your B. Your, their C. Ours, theirs D. Your, theirs（ ）6. There are too _ rules in the school.A. many B. much C. a lot of D. some（ ）7. You _ tell him about that.A. have not to B. don't have to C. mustn't have to D. can't have（ ）8. Dont _ into the classroom without a teacher.A. going B. went C. go D. goes（ ）9. She cant watch TV _ school nights.A. in B. at C. on D. （ ）10. You cant eat _ outside.A. at B. C. in D. on三、用适当的介词或副词填空1、Dont eat _class. 2、We cant arrive late _ class.3、Do your homework _school. 4、I have to get_ at six oclock every moring.5、I cant watch TV_school nights. 6、Listen _ the music in the music room.7、You have to go home_ ten oclock.四、句型转换 1Uncle Wang will get to Beijing at 9 oclock.(改为同义句) Uncle Wang will _ _ Beijing at 9 oclock. 2Do your homework after school.(改为否定句) _ _ your homework after school. 3Peng can speak English very well.(改为一般疑问句并做否定回答) _ Peng _ English very well? No, he _. 4She has to wear uniform at school.( 改为一般疑问句并做可肯定回答) _ she _ _ wear uniform at school? Yes, she _. 5I have to wash the dishes at home. (对划线部分进行提问) _ _ you have to _ at home?五、根据汉语意思完成下列译文。1. 不要在教室里听音乐。 _ _ to music in the classroom.2.我们上课不能迟到。 We cant _ _ for class.3.我从不会有快乐，因为我家有太多的规矩。I never _ _ because I have _ _ rules in my family.4. 我不得不帮助我的父亲洗车。 I _ _ help my father _ his car.5.周末，我不得不去少年宫学习钢琴。_ _, I _ _ go to the childrens palace to play the piano.学科网（北京）股份有限公司