中考英语书面表达.docx

中考英语书面表达精讲1五大基本句型1主语谓语该句型中的谓语为不及物动词。不及物动词后可以跟副词、介词短语等作状语。When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. 【人教版八(上)Unit 1 P5】当我们到达山顶时，雨下得很大。(副词) I live near a supermarket. 【人教版七(上)Unit 8 P47】我住在一家超市附近。(介词短语)牛刀小试(近年中考题改编）用“主语谓语”句型翻译下列句子(1)这病毒传播得如此很快。_(2)这位工人一直努力地为公司工作。_答案：(1)The virus spreads so quickly. (2)The worker always works hard for his company.2主语谓语宾语在此句型中，谓语为及物动词。及物动词本身需要一个动作的承受者(即宾语)才可以表达完整的意思。作宾语的可以是名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。Many students have hobbies. (名词) 【外研版八(下)Module 6 P50】 许多学生都有爱好。I like to get things ready earlier. (动词不定式) 【外研版八(下)Module 7 P56】我喜欢更早一点儿把东西准备好。Do you know how to make a kite？(疑问词动词不定式) 【人教版九(全)Unit 5 P37】你知道如何做风筝吗？I like watching English films and listening to English songs.(动名词短语)我喜欢看英语电影和听英语歌曲。Vicky thinks her parents will take her to the theatre. (宾语从句)【外研版八(上)Module 5】维基认为她父母将会带她去剧院。写作小贴士常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有： decide, expect, hope, learn, need, offer, promise, refuse, want, wish等。常跟“疑问词动词不定式”作宾语的动词(短语)有： ask, decide, explain, find out, forget, guess, know, learn, remember, tell, wonder等。常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有： avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practice, risk, suggest, give up, cant help(情不自禁), look forward to等。牛刀小试(近年中考题改编）用“主语谓语宾语”句型翻译下列句子(1)我已经完成了我的家务活。_(2)每次我想放弃的时候，我的老师总是支持我。_(3)李明喜欢听打篮球。_(4)莉莉希望她的篮球队会获胜。_(5)然后你会知道如何保护野生动物。 _答案：(1)I have finished my housework. (2)Every time I want to give up, my teacher always supports me. (3)Li Ming likes playing basketball. (4)Lily hopes that her basketball team will win. (5)Then you will know how to protect wild animals.3主语连系动词表语该句型中，连系动词不能表达完整的意思，必须加上表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语来表达完整的意思，这类动词叫连系动词。除了be作连系动词外连系动词还有：(1)表感官的连系动词： feel, smell, taste, sound, look等；(2)表转变、变化的动词： become, get, turn, grow, go等；(3)表延续的动词： remain, keep, stay, stand, lie等；(4)表瞬间的动词： come, fall等；作表语的则有名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等。Bob and Eric are my brothers.(名词)【人教版七(上)Unit 2 P11】鲍勃和埃里克是我兄弟。The blue pen is his.(代词)【人教版七(上)Unit 3 P14】这支蓝色的钢笔是他的。I am tidy.(形容词) 【人教版七(上)Unit 4 P23】我很整洁。The English books are under the radio. (介词短语)【人教版七(上)Unit 4 P22】英语书在收音机下面。The best resolution is to have no resolutions.(动词不定式)【人教版八(下) Unit 6 P45】最好的决心是没有决心。David Smith is a student, and one of his hobbies is writing.(动名词) 戴维·史密斯是一名学生，他的爱好之一是写作。My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. (动名词)我最大的挑战是学习在餐桌上如何表现。牛刀小试(近年中考题改编）用“主语系动词表语”句型翻译下列句子(1)学校成为最舒服的地方。_(2)这件衣服不是我的。_(3)这个苹果尝起来很美味。_(4)本节课是为了增加学生在图书馆里的知识。_(5)她最喜欢的运动是踢足球。_答案：(1)School becomes the most comfortable place. (2)The shirt is not mine.(3)The apple tastes delicious.(4)This lesson is to improve students knowledge in the library. (5)Her favourite sport is playing soccer.4主语谓语间宾直宾 该句型中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示事物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。Holly bought me my favorite lemon juice and a turkey sandwich for lunch.霍莉给我买了我最喜欢的柠檬汁和火鸡三明治作为午餐。Who teaches you English? 谁教你们英语？【外研版八(上)Module 1 P127】写作小贴士有时直接宾语和间接宾语的位置可以对调，此时，间接宾语前应加上介词for或to。(1)vt.sth.tosb.用于该结构的动词有give, tell, lend, sell, send, write, show, return, pass, offer等。Can you pass that pencil to me? 【外研版八(上)Module 5 P127】=Can you pass me that pencil ?你能把那支铅笔递给我吗？(2)vt.sth.forsb.用于该结构的动词有buy, choose, get, make, order, sing, do, play(播放), save，hold等。He ordered some food for the two of them. =He ordered the two of them some food.他为他俩点了一些食物。牛刀小试(近年中考题改编）根据汉语意思写句子(1)我将从超市买一个篮球给你。_(2)我和我的同学们将在美术课上为我们的老师制作一份美丽的礼物。_(3)他的故事给我带来了宝贵的知识和美妙的经历。_ (4)中国政府将为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。_(5)请告诉我你和你的好朋友的一些趣事。_ 答案：(1)I will buy a basketball for you from the supermarket.(2)My classmates and I will make a beautiful gift for our teacher in the art class.(3)His stories brought me both valuable knowledge and wonderful experiences.(4)The Chinese government will create more jobs for young people.(5)Please tell me something interesting about you and your best friend.5主语谓语宾语宾语补足语 本句型中的谓语动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分，如形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。The World Wide Fund for Nature chose the panda to be its symbol.【外研版八(上) 】世界自然基金会选择了大熊猫作为其标志。写作小贴士根据宾语补足语的不同，此句型可分为以下几种情况：(1)主语及物动词宾语名词常用于该句型的动词有： call, name, make, consider, leave等。This place was named Taohua Village. 这个村庄被命名为桃花屯。The old man and the old woman call him Peach Boy. 【2021·陕西完形填空】这位老人和老妇人称他为桃太郎。(2)主语及物动词宾语形容词常用于该句型的动词有： make, paint, get, cut, set, keep, drive, find等。Many cities have made biking easier.【2020·北部湾经济区综合填空】许多城市让骑自行车变得更容易了。Doing this kind of work all day is going to drive me crazy. 整天做这种工作会使我发疯。(3)主语及物动词宾语介词短语People found the tigers in danger. 【外研版八(上)Module 6 P44改编】人们发现这些老虎濒临危险。(4)主语及物动词宾语动词不定式跟to do作宾语补足语的动词有： allow, advise, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, tell, want, wish等。I always tell him to be careful. 【外研版八(上)Module 8 P70 】我总是告诉他要小心。Mom asked me to help her with the dishes. 【外研版八(上)Module 6 P115】妈妈叫我帮她洗餐具。跟do作宾语补足语的动词有：使役动词let, make, have等；感官动词observe, hear, notice, see, watch等。We can make robots move like people. 【人教版八(上)Unit 7 P53】我们可以让机器人像人一样移动。Some kind-hearted people helped him climb out of the hole.【外研版八(上) Module 8 P70】一些好心的人帮他爬出了洞。 People should let animals raise their babies and live in wild. 【外研版八(上) P52】人们应该让动物在野外抚养它们的孩子和生活。(5)主语及物动词宾语分词常用于此结构的动词有：find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, observe, notice, see, watch等。You shouldnt leave the water running after you have washed your hands.你洗手以后不应该让水一直流。Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.【人教版九(全)Unit 7 P49】16岁的孩子应该被允许穿耳孔。 (6)主语及物动词it(形式宾语)宾语补足语真正的宾语当作宾语的动词不定式、宾语从句等后跟一个补足语时，通常要把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置，将真正的宾语放到后面。能用于该结构的动词有： consider, believe, feel, find, make, think等。I find it very important to have a good breakfast every morning. 【外研版七(上) P22改编】我觉得每天早上好好吃早餐非常重要。牛刀小试(近年中考题改编）根据汉语意思写句子(1)擦地板是一种锻炼，它帮助我们保持健康。 _(2)人们在森林里发现了他。_(3)父母们希望他们的孩子天天进步。 _(4)护士告诉我们饭前饭后要洗手。_(5)在家，我们应该帮助父母做做饭。_(6 )那些温暖的话语使我感到被爱和鼓舞。_(7)蒂姆，关掉电视。不要让它一直开着。_答案：(1)Sweeping floor is a kind of exercise and it can keep us it.(2)People discovered him in the forest. (3)Parents expect all their children to make progress day by day.(4)Nurses tell us to wash our hands before and after every meal.(5)We should help our parents cook meals at home. (6)Those warm words made me feel loved and encouraged.(7)Tom, turn off TV. Dont leave it on.6学科网（北京）股份有限公司