名词的词义辨析 练习--高考英语专题复习.docx

高考专题训练名词的词义辨析1We cannot put_on the importance of protecting our eyes too much.（）AemphasisBambitionCanalysisDpotential2The_on Sarah's face told me that she got annoyed.（）AconfidenceBexpressionCappearanceDimpression3The traditional_ to handling complicated problems is to break them down into simple ones.（）AmethodBwayCmeansDapproach4We are sending you some gifts in_of your valuable help.（）AacknowledgementBexchangeCcaseDview5On board _a large quantify of fuel，a ladder with hooked ends，two RPG grenades and a _of money.（）Awas，quantifyBwere，dealCwas，amountDwere，number6Having a thorough physical examination regularly helps to check for disease that may not have any_ at first.（）AsymptomBsignalCsymbolDsimilarity7The terraces are cleverly designed，with waterways connecting with each other.（）A设计；连接B设计；清除C修改；连接D修改；清除8Mum's "Little Bank" was used for sudden_，such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.（）AemergenciesBproposalsCfunctionsDindividuality9The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased _ of and support for teaching among the public and nation.（）ArealizationBprofessionCrecognitionDacquisition10All applications welcome，but preference will be given to those with diving _.（）AwaistBqualificationsCsalaryDleisure11When you are traveling abroad，it is important to follow the _ of the country you are visiting.（）AcourseBcultureCcustomDcivilization12I know I should stop smoking don't give me a lecture about it.（）A讲座B讲课C教训D训斥13Life is full of _，so we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding.（）AchoicesBcandlesCcolorsDcompetitions14If the temperature is below 0oC，water will turn into _ in the open air.（）AiceBsteamCfogDrain15They hand down the _ from generation to generation to keep their way of life alive（）AinterestBhabitCcustomDaction16Would you send me some _ of yours？I miss you very much!（）AmagazinesBphotosCphonesDworks17Typing is considered by most employers to be a basic _.（）AcontributionBcongratulationCcompetenceDcommand18A person can be judged by the books he reads and the _ he keeps.（）AscheduleBmeasureCperformanceDcompany19A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a _ of quality.（）AguaranteeBcertaintyCqualify20Safety should be a _ in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issues early can actually save money，longterm，for companies.（）ApriorityBpaceCposeDpeak21I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees show their _ to their job.（）AdedicationBapplicationCconnectionDinvitation22He takes an interest in sports，basketball in _.（）AparticularlyBparticularCadditionDfact23Jack is an excellent boy.It's easy for a young man of such a/an _ to find a good job.（）ArelationBattentionCintroductionDability24The Spring Festival，like Christmas in western countries，is a holiday for family _.（）AentertainmentBamusementCreunionDcongratulation25The map shows the _ to the base of the mountain，which can be reached in an hour.（）ArouteBprospectCgesture26By popular demand，the tour has been extended by two weeks.（）A要求B推荐C命令D查问27An increase in cars has resulted in the _ of public transport.（）AboomBdeclineCdeadlineDabsence28Malala Yousafzai，a（n） _ of women's rights，became a victim of terrorist attack.（）AinventorBcompetitorCadvocateDcomposer29To their _， their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.（）ArelaxationBbeliefCreliefDregulation30During the department store's annual autumn _，all clothing will be half price.（）AengagementBpromotionCinteraction31The country was thrown into _ by the President's sudden death.（）AchorusBchaosCcircleDclaim32I've got a "C" in the English test.Can you give me some _？Of course.I think reading can help.（）AmessagesBinformationCsuggestionsDinstructions33I was embarrassed， but I fought the _ to run off the stage.（）AurgencyBurgeCurgentDurging34His face and movements rarely gave a of nerves（）AsymbolBsighCsignDsignal35My daughter helps me cook but she isn't old enough to be left in the .（）AbedroomBclassroomClabDkitchen36His suggestion is of _ to our health plan，as it is rather practical for the physical fitness（）AbenefitBbeneficialCbenefitingDbenefit from37Is there anything else in _ that you'd like to share with us？（）AparticularBpanicCeagernessDaddition38The League member is brave，honest and hardworking.In a word，he is a good boy of many _.（）AqualitiesBprinciplesCrewardsDopinions39If people are positive about their life，they will take the trouble to_the skills they need to succeed.（）AillustrateBmeasureCdescribeDacquire40In the process of getting rid of racial_， the USA is left far behind（）AdiscriminationBcompromiseCsubstituteDdisadvantage41We would like to see closer _ between parents and schools.（）AevolutionBcooperationCexpectationDrejection42It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.（）A测量；位置B措施；位置C看；方向D测量；方向43The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final _ of the game，because it is essential for them to go into the next round.（）AoutcomeBoutlineCcomebackDcooperation44The school has a system of_ and punishments to encourage good behavior.（）ApricesBfundsCawardsDrewards45There is a increase in students' creativity since they have been greatly encouraged to develop their own ways of doing things in recent years.（）AslightBtightCsignificantDvarious46There was a slight in Jamie's voice，but he accepted the offer anyway. （）AharmonyBformatCfluencyDhesitation47Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.（）A害怕；婚姻B害怕；仪式C敢；仪式D敢；婚姻48The book on health has _ on the children as _ as the old.（）Aa good effect；goodBa positive effect；wellCa good affect；wellDaffect；well49Standing at the top of the rock， one can see the _ of the whole island and enjoy the sky and the sea meeting on the horizon.（）AcontentmentBrepresentativeCdelicatenessDlandscape50As an experienced cook，her main cooking _ is to use only fresh ingredients.（）AinnovationBphilosophyCtrendDsample参考答案与试题解析1We cannot put_on the importance of protecting our eyes too much.（）AemphasisBambitionCanalysisDpotential【分析】我们再怎么强调保护眼睛也不为过。【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.emphasis强调；B.ambition雄心；野心；C.analysis分析；D.potential潜能；可能性。其中"put emphasis on sth"可以翻译成"强调"，为固定搭配，符合题意。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。2The_on Sarah's face told me that she got annoyed.（）AconfidenceBexpressionCappearanceDimpression【分析】莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。【解答】根据题意，A.confidence自信心；B.expression表情；C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根据" told me that she got annoyed"可知，此处指脸上的表情。故选：B。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。3The traditional_ to handling complicated problems is to break them down into simple ones.（）AmethodBwayCmeansDapproach【分析】处理复杂问题的传统方法是把它们分解成简单的问题。【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.method方法；B.way方式；方法；C.means方法；D.approach方法；途径。分析句子结构可知，其中approach后面接to，to为介词，后接名词或动名词；way后面也可以接to，to为不定式，后接动词原形；means后面通常接介词of；method后面常用的介词为for或of。故选：D。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。4We are sending you some gifts in_of your valuable help.（）AacknowledgementBexchangeCcaseDview【分析】我们向给你寄了一些礼物，以感谢你宝贵的帮助。【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.acknowledgement感谢；感激；B.exchange交换；C.case案例；案件；D.view观点；风景。由"We are sending you some gifts"可知，我们送礼物的目的是为了向你表示感谢。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。5On board _a large quantify of fuel，a ladder with hooked ends，two RPG grenades and a _of money.（）Awas，quantifyBwere，dealCwas，amountDwere，number【分析】船上有大量的燃料、一架末端呈钩状的梯子、两枚RPG手榴弹和一笔钱。【解答】本句是倒装句，主语a large quantify of fuel，a ladder with hooked ends，two RPG grenades and a _of money是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式，排除A、C项；第二空：money是不可数名词，要用a deal of修饰，a number of修饰可数名词复数，排除D项，只有B项正确。故选：B。【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的含义并区别各个形容词之间的差异，了解某些形容词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。6Having a thorough physical examination regularly helps to check for disease that may not have any_ at first.（）AsymptomBsignalCsymbolDsimilarity【分析】定期进行彻底的体格检查有助于检查最初可能没有任何症状的疾病。【解答】答案：A.根据题意，定期进行彻底的体格检查有助于检查最初可能没有任何症状的疾病。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A.symptom症状；B.signal信号；C.symbol符号；D.similarity相似性。故选：A。【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析，这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意，也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆，这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。7The terraces are cleverly designed，with waterways connecting with each other.（）A设计；连接B设计；清除C修改；连接D修改；清除【分析】梯田设计巧妙，水道相互连接。【解答】designed：设计。connecting with：连接。结合句意：梯田设计巧妙，水道相互连接。可知，第一个词designed为过去分词，意为"设计"；第二个词组connecting with为固定搭配。故选：A。【点评】做此类题，平时多积累词义和用法，做题时需结合选项和句意做出判断。8Mum's "Little Bank" was used for sudden_，such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.（）AemergenciesBproposalsCfunctionsDindividuality【分析】妈妈的"小银行"是用来应对突发情况的，比如克里斯汀摔断了胳膊，不得不去看医生。【解答】A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个人。根据句意"妈妈的"小银行"是用来应对突发情况的，比如克里斯汀摔断了胳膊，不得不去看医生。"可知，空处表示紧急情况。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。9The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased _ of and support for teaching among the public and nation.（）ArealizationBprofessionCrecognitionDacquisition【分析】越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。【解答】A.realization实现；B.profession专业；C.recognition承认，认可；D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据"are willing to"可知，人们愿意说明大家认可。故选：C。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。10All applications welcome，but preference will be given to those with diving _.（）AwaistBqualificationsCsalaryDleisure【分析】欢迎所有申请者报名，但具有潜水资格者优先考虑。【解答】A.waist腰部；B.qualifications资格；C.salary薪水；D.leisure空闲。根据句意"欢迎所有申请者报名，但具有潜水资格者优先考虑"可知，空处意思应该是"资格"，B项符合题意。故选：B。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。11When you are traveling abroad，it is important to follow the _ of the country you are visiting.（）AcourseBcultureCcustomDcivilization【分析】当你在国外旅行时，遵循你所去国家的风俗习惯是很重要的。【解答】A.course课程；B.culture文化；C.custom风俗；D.civilization文明。句意：当你在国外旅行时，遵循你所去国家的风俗习惯是很重要的。可知，设空处缺"风俗"之意。故选：C。【点评】做此类题，平时多积累词义和用法，做题时需结合选项和句意做出判断。12I know I should stop smoking don't give me a lecture about it.（）A讲座B讲课C教训D训斥【分析】我知道我应该戒烟了别跟我说教。【解答】根据句意"我知道我应该戒烟了别跟我说教"可知，lecture在这里意思是"训斥"。故选：D。【点评】根据句子大意，分析句子结构，辨析选项词语用法，得出最佳答案。13Life is full of _，so we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding.（）AchoicesBcandlesCcolorsDcompetitions【分析】生活充满了选择，所以我们必须在做决定之前清楚地思考如何做出选择。【解答】A.choises选择；B.candles蜡烛；C.colors颜色；D.competitions比赛。根据句意"生活充满了选择，所以我们必须在做决定之前清楚地思考如何做出选择。"可知空处意思是"选择"。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。14If the temperature is below 0oC，water will turn into _ in the open air.（）AiceBsteamCfogDrain【分析】如果温度低于0摄氏度，水在户外会变成冰。【解答】A.ice冰；B.steam蒸汽；C.fog雾；D.rain雨。根据句意和If the temperature is below 0oC可知答案。故选：A。【点评】考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。15They hand down the _ from generation to generation to keep their way of life alive（）AinterestBhabitCcustomDaction【分析】他们一代代传承着他们的风俗以使他们的生活方式保存下来【解答】答案：C考查名词辨析custom"传统风俗、习俗"符合语境interest"兴趣"；habit"个人习惯"；action"行动"根据句意：他们一代代传承着他们的风俗以使他们的生活方式保存下来，可知custom符合句意故选：C【点评】词义辨析类题目的处理要先准确掌握单词的基本意义、引申意义，以及与单词相关的短语、句型，结合句意做出正确的选择16Would you send me some _ of yours？I miss you very much!（）AmagazinesBphotosCphonesDworks【分析】你能给我寄一些你的照片吗？我非常想你！【解答】答案：B.magazines杂志；photos照片；phones电话；works作品。根据I miss you very much!可知非常想念对方，由此推断把照片寄过来，B项正确。故选：B。【点评】考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。17Typing is considered by most employers to be a basic _.（）AcontributionBcongratulationCcompetenceDcommand【分析】打字被大多数雇主认为是一项基本能力。【解答】A.contribution贡献；B.congratulation 祝贺；C.competence能力；D.command命令。结合句意，可知设空处指的是打字是一种"能力"。故选：C。【点评】做此类题，平时多积累词义和用法，做题时需结合选项和句意做出判断。18A person can be judged by the books he reads and the _ he keeps.（）AscheduleBmeasureCperformanceDcompany【分析】判断一个人，可以看他读的书和交的朋友。【解答】A.schedule时刻表；B.measure测量；C.performance表演；D.company陪伴，同伴。根据句意"判断一个人，可以看他读的书和交的朋友。"可知，空处表示同伴。故选：D。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。19A famous old name on a firm is not necessarily a _ of quality.（）AguaranteeBcertaintyCqualify【分析】公司的老字号并不一定能保证质量。【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A项，guarantee保证；B项，certainty确定性；C项，quality质量。结合句意，空处意思应该是"保证"，A项符合题意。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。20Safety should be a _ in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issues early can actually save money，longterm，for companies.（）ApriorityBpaceCposeDpeak【分析】在任何行业中，安全都应该是优先考虑的问题，对于公司来说，尽早解决安全问题实际上可以长其节省资金，这一点也不奇怪。【解答】A.priority优先；B.pace速度；C.pose姿势；D.peak山峰。根据句意"在任何行业中，安全都应该是优先考虑的问题"，应用priority。故选：A。【点评】先明白题干大意，再分析选项含义，选出正确且最符合题意的选项。21I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees show their _ to their job.（）AdedicationBapplicationCconnectionDinvitation【分析】我要感谢所有作出努力的人。员工对工作表现出自己的奉献，这令人宽慰。【解答】答案：A. 根据题意，我要感谢所有作出努力的人。员工对工作表现出自己的奉献，这令人宽慰。本题考查名词的辨析。A.dedication奉献；B.application申请，应用；C.connection连接；D.invitation邀请。题干中的show dedication to sth意为：为某事做出奉献。故选：A。【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析，这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意，也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆，这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。22He takes an interest in sports，basketball in _.（）AparticularlyBparticularCadditionDfact【分析】他对运动感兴趣，尤其是篮球。【解答】考查固定短语词义辨析。A.particularly尤其，特别；B.（in）particular尤其，特别；C.（in）addition另外；D.（in）fact事实上。根据句意和空格前"in"可知，句中涉及固定短语"in particular"，意为尤其，特别"，"particularly"意为"尤其，特别"，副词词性，但不与"in'"搭配。故选：B。【点评】考查词义辨析，弄清楚各个词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。23Jack is an excellent boy.It's easy for a young man of such a/an _ to find a good job.（）ArelationBattentionCintroductionDability【分析】杰克是个很棒的男孩。对于一个有这种能力的年轻人来说，找到一份好工作是很容易的。【解答】答案：D.根据题意，杰克是个很棒的男孩。对于一个有这种能力的年轻人来说，找到一份好工作是很容易的。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A.relation关系；B.attention注意；C.introduction介绍；D.ability能力。故选：D。【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析，这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意，也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆，这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。24The Spring Fes