虚拟语气讲义高考英语一轮复习.docx

虚拟语气.在英语中，随着说话人意图的不同，动词需要不同的形式，称为语气。英语动词一般有三种语气，即：a. 陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法。有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。Some peple dont like music.What a fine day today!b. 祈使语气：用来请求，命令或劝告等。Dont be late again.c. 虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假想，愿望，建议等，虚拟语气主要用于条件从句，让步从句或名词性从句中，虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式(过去式)表示。II.虚拟语气的用法1. if 主从句的虚拟虚拟句与何时相反If 条件句主句与过去相反had done should/would/could/mighthave done 与现在相反didshould/would/could/mightdo与将来相反.did.were to do.should do should/would/could/mightdo注意事项:1).if 从句可以用连词or /otherwise 或 without/but for引导的介词短语来替代。 Without your help,we couldnt have done the work well.2).if 从句中的if 可省略，而将动词had/should/were提前。 Had you taken his advice ,you would not have met so many problems.3).有时候，if 从句的动作与主句的动作发生的时间不一致(如一个是发生在过去，另一个是发生在现在)这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。If it had not rained yesterday ,the ground would not be muddy now.2. wish ,would rather ,as if 从句虚拟虚拟句与何时相反wish从句would rather从句as if从句与过去相反had donehad donehad done与现在相反diddiddid与将来相反 didwould/could/mightdodidwould/could/mightdo3.should do 虚拟（should 可以省略）A.与“一坚持（insist），二命令(order,command)，三建议(suggest,propose,advise,recommend)四要求(demand,require,request,desire)”有关的名词性从句。例1.I suggest that you should go to hospital now.2.It is suggested that you should go to hospital now.3.The suggestion is that you should go to hospital now.4.The suggestion that you should go to hospital now is good.B.It is adj. that sb.should do. (这类adj.是：important,strange,necessary,natrual 等)It is strange that you should come on Sunday.The young man insisted that he _nothing wrong and _free.A.did;set B.had done ;should be set C.do ;be set D.had done ;must be set 4.It is (high)time that sb.did sth.(到某人干某事的时候了)It is time that you went to school now.Its time that you _home and Id rather you _again tomrrow.A.went;came B.are going ;will come C.go ;are going D.would go ;would come 学科网（北京）股份有限公司