中考英语常见易混淆动词用法辨析及练习.docx
初中常见易混淆动词用法辨析及练习（一） speak, say, talk, tell1. speak “说话”，做及物动词时后接语言（speak English）; 做不及物动词时与 to 连用，意为“对说”。l My teacher spoke to me.2. say 强调内容，及物动词，后需接说话内容。l She said that she was late for school.3. talk “交谈”，不及物动词，常与to 或with 连用。l I like talking with my friends.l They are talking about the news. 4. tell “告诉”， 及物动词，强调讲给别人听，tell sb. sth.l My grandmother told me an interesting story.Ø 短语 tell a story/ tell a lieØ My mother often me that dont to strangers on your way to and from school.A. speak; says B. speak; tells C. talk; speaks D. talk;tell bring, take, carry, fetch1. bring “带来” l Bring a gift to me.2. take “带走” l Take your bag when you leave. 3. carry “带”，“搬”，没有固定的方向l Please carry this bottle.4. fetch “去取来”，强调往返l Please fetch a cup for me. Ø Mother _ some apples for her son. 妈妈去拿来了一些苹果给儿子。A. fetched B. took C. carried D. brought Ø They _ the boxes into the factory.他们把箱子搬进了工厂。A. fetched B. took C. carried D. brought 到达: arrive, reach, get 1. arrive 不及物动词，可单独作谓语，构成“主谓“结构；如需加地点需要有介词in +大地点/ at+小地点2. reach 及物动词，后需直接接地点名词， 如 reach Beijing3. get 不及物动词，后接地点副词 get home/ there; 或后+to+接地点名词,get to school.Ø - When did you Shanghai? - Yesterday.A: reach B. get C. arrive D. arrive at 花费： spend, cost, take, pay 1. spend 用法 sb. spend 时间/金钱 + on sth. 或 sb. spend 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.l I spend three hours on my homework/ in doing my homework.2. cost 用法 sth. cost sb. 金钱l This book cost me 10 yuan.3. take 用法 It takes(took) sb + 时间/ 金钱+ to do sth.l It takes me 10 minutes to go to school.4. pay 用法 pay forl I paid 10 yuan for this book.Ø 1. His parents were worried that he _ too much time chatting on line. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. hadØ 2. He _ every Sunday volunteering in an old peoples home. A. spends B. gives C. uses D. takesØ 3. - How long does it _ you to go to the post office, Jack? - About half an hour. A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay borrow, lend, keep1. borrow “借进”， 用法 borrow sth. form sb. l I borrowed a book from Lily.2. lend “借出”， 用法lend sth. to sb.l Lily lent some money to me. 3. keep 用于现在完成时表示“借”的持续性动词，可与一点时间连用l Lily has kept this book for 3 weeks. Ø 1. My pen is broken. Can you _ me yours?Ø 2. Tom _ some money from his friends last week.Ø 3. You may _ this magazine for three days before returning it to me.Ø 4. Jane enjoys reading and she often _books from the library. lose & fail ; beat & win1. lose “输掉”， 用法: lose to sb.l Our team lost to theirs. 2. fail “失败”，用法: fail to do/ fail in sthl Our team failed to finish the game. l I failed in my final exam.3. beat “打败”， 用法:beat sb. 或队伍l We beat them . 4. win “赢得”， 用法：后接比赛，名次，奖项等l I won the first prize. Ø We failed _ the basketball match._.Ato lose；It's a pityBto win；I'm sorry to hear thatCwin；What a pityDlose；PityØ We _them in the game last Sunday and finally_ the match.Ø Unluckily we _ the match to Class Three.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
