Module 6 Grammar学案--外研版高中英语必修四.docx

第四册第六模块1.复习情态动词的用法（Revision of modal verbs）课题：Grammar 课型：复习课 编写序号：16编写人：王少芳 时间：2014/3/5 审核人：赵洪宾学习目标：通过本模块的学习，回顾掌握情态动词+ have done的用法。学习重难点：情态动词+ have done的特点及区别。学习过程:课前预习案 Read the sentences from the interview.a. The dinosaurs may have stopped evolving, and been unable to adapt to changes in the climate.b. They might have killed each other.Now choose the best answer.1 something which happened in the pastperhaps ( )2 something which is impossible ( )3 something which may happen in the future ( ) Complete the sentences using may have/ might have and the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (Two of them should be in the passive voice.)1 The meteorite _ (cause) a huge dust cloud.2 The dust cloud _ (cut off) the sunlight.3 Small animals _ (survive) by eating nuts and seeds.4 The dinosaurs _ (kill) by volcanic eruptions.课堂探究案情态动词+ have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测1. “must+ have done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。所以没有“mustnt have done”这种结构。You must have been mad to drive so fast.你开车那么快，一定是发疯了。2. “cant +have done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。3. “can + have done” 表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过-吗？”There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？4. “could + have done ”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。5. “may + have done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句。-What have happened to George?乔治发生了什么事？-I dont know. He may have lost.我不知道，他可能迷路了。6. “might + have done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。He might have given you more help, even though he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的进步了。提示：may have done所表示的猜测可能是真的；而might have done所表示的猜测可能是真的也可能是虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反的猜测。7. “would+ have done”的虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。But for your help, I wouldnt have got out of the trouble.要不是他的帮助，我不会摆脱困境的。8. “should+ have done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际上没做”。“shouldnt +have done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际上做了。含指责对方或自责的含义。Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本应该昨天就完成的。Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so strict with him.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。9. “ought to + have done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做-”，往往表示遗憾，与“should+ have done”用法基本一样。I ought to have gone home last Sunday.我理应上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him more help.你不应该帮助他那么多。10. “neednt+ have done ”表示本来不需要做某事而做了。I neednt have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.我本来没有必要给他写信，因为信寄出后不久，他给我打了电话。学科网（北京）股份有限公司