高三英语一轮语法知识梳理之综合时态（一般现在 一般过去 一般将来 现在进行 过去进行）.docx

高考英语语法知识点讲解-时态综合一般现在+一般过去+一般将来+现在进行+过去进行动词时态的用法 一、一般现在时一、一般现在时1.基本用法（1）表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。I understand this rule now.我现在弄懂这条规则了。The book belongs to me.这本书是我的。This man teaches English in a high school.这个人在一所中学里教英语。（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。He goes to the movie once a week.他一周看一场电影。The boy often reads books after school.这个男孩经常在放学后读书。（3）一般现在时表示真理或客观事实。Summer follows spring.春去夏来。Coffee comes from Brazil.巴西产咖啡。（4）表示现在的能力、特征、职业等。He sings well.他唱歌唱得好。Mr Smith teaches French.史密斯先生教法语。（5）表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。Are you on duty next weekend？ 下周末你值班吗？The train leaves at 12：00.火车12点开出。Flight A 502 departs at 14：20.A 502航班于下午两点二十分起飞。2.一般现在时表示将来的用法（1）“主将从现”原则：当主句表示将来意义时，时间和条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。Ill write to her when I have time.我有空会给她写信。（时间状语从句）Turn off the lights before you leave.走前关灯。（时间状语从句）If we hurry，we may catch the bus.如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。（条件状语从句）Tell me in case you get into difficulty.遇到困难请告诉我。（条件状语从句）（2）动词come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return等可用一般现在时表示将来时。 When does the bus start？ 汽车什么时候开？ It starts in ten minutes.十分钟后。My father leaves for New York next week.我父亲下个星期去纽约。3.一般现在时的状语（1）作状语常用的频度副词：sometimes，often，always，usually，seldom等。He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点离开家去学校。（2）作状语常用的时间副词：every day/night/week/month/year，in the morning/afternoon/evening，at night等。We go home every month.我们每月都要回家。I watch TV at night.我晚上看电视。动词时态的用法 二、一般过去时二、一般过去时1.基本语法（1）表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。Liu Ying was in America last year.刘英去年在美国。Jim rang you just now.吉姆刚才给你打了电话。（2）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。We often went out for a walk after supper.我们过去常在晚饭后散步。We usually played together.我们通常一起玩。（3）常用于“ it is+一段时间+since sb.did .”句型中。You havent changed much since we last met.自从上次我们见面以来，你变化不大。Its three years since he went abroad.他出国三年了。Its a long time since he was ill.他病很长时间了。I havent found any job since I was out of work.自我失业以来，我一直没有找到工作。2.一般过去时常用的时间状语（1）yesterday 昨天yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 this morning 今天早上 the day before yesterday 前天（2）last year 去年last month 上月 last week 上星期last night 昨晚 last Sunday 上星期日last term 上学期（3）two days ago 两天前 a week ago 一星期前 many years ago 很久以前 an hour ago 一小时前（4）in the past 在过去in the old days 在过去的日子里 in 2001在2001年 before liberation 解放前（5）When I was 5 years old .当我5岁的时候 at the age of 5 五岁时（6）at that time 当时at that moment 在那时 just now 刚才the other day 前几天 once upon a time 从前动词时态的用法 三、一般将来时三、一般将来时1.基本用法（1）表示将来的动作或状态。Tom will be five years old in a few days.汤姆过几天就五岁了。You will get wet if you go out without an umbrella.如果出门不带伞，你会淋湿。（2）用于“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句式中。Work hard，and you will pass the exam.努力学习，你就会通过考试。Come early，and you will see the film star.早点来，你就可以看到这位电影明星。Be quiet，or he will hear us.安静，不然他会听见我们的。2.一般将来时的时间状语（1）tomorrow 明天 tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening 明天上午/下午/晚上 the day after tomorrow 后天（2）next week 下周 next month 下月 next year 明年 next term 下学期 next time 下次（3）in an hour 一小时之后 in a day or two 一两天后 in a week 一周后 in two years 两年后（4）in the future 今后 soon 不久 before long 不久 from now on 从现在开始3.一般将来时的表达形式（1）will/shall do .，意为“将要做某事”Ill （shall/will）do a better job next time.下次我要干得更好些。We shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将会下很多雨。（2）be going to do .，意为“打算做某事，将要发生某事”My brother is going to learn English next year.我哥哥准备明年学英语。He is going to stay a week.他准备呆一个星期。（3）be+to do .，意为“打算，计划做某事”。You are to be back by 10 oclock.你必须10点前回来。We are to meet at the school gate.我们约定在校门口碰头。（4）be about to do .，意为“刚要，即将做某事”The plane is about to take off.飞机就要起飞了。The meeting is about to start now.会议即将开始。【提示】 be+about to do 结构中不能接时间状语。（5）现在进行时代替一般将来时。We are leaving for shanghai tomorrow.我们明天动身去上海。Are you meeting Bill this evening？ 你今晚将和比尔见面吗？（6）be due to do .意为“按计划或时间表将要发生某事”The guests are due to arrive here next week.客人们预计下周到此。The meeting isnt due to start until four.会议预定要到四点才召开。The strike is due to begin on Tuesday.罢工预定于星期二开始。动词时态的用法 四、现在进行时四、现在进行时1.基本用法（1）表示现在正在进行的动作。I am writing a letter to my brother.我正在写封信给我哥哥。It is still raining hard outside.外面仍下着大雨。（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。He is teaching in a middle school.他在一所中学教书。Jimmy is writing a novel this year.吉米今年在写小说。2.其他用法（1）现在进行时表示将来时。常用动词：arrive become begin come die finish forget get go leave start stay turnFather is getting fat.父亲越来越胖了。The leaves are turning yellow.树叶逐渐变黄了。Our house is becoming old.我们的屋子逐渐变旧了。It is beginning to rain.快要下雨了。（2）表示说话者一种情感色彩。She is always complaining.她老喜欢抱怨。（厌恶）Are you feeling better this morning？ 你今天早上觉得好些吗？（同情）Why arent you studying？ 你为什么不读书？（责备）Well，I am telling you the truth！ 唔，我是在和你说真话啊！（强调）What are you doing here，girls？ 小姐们，你们在这儿干什么？（好奇）John is bothering me and keeping me from work.约翰一直打扰我，使我不能工作。（不满）You are helping me，darling.亲爱的，你真帮我的忙。（快乐）John is doing fine work at school.约翰在学校里表现很好。（赞赏）动词时态的用法 五、过去进行时五、过去进行时1.基本用法（1）表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。I was having dinner at 8 yesterday evening.昨晚八点我正在吃饭。When you came in I was writing.你进来时，我正在写东西。What were you doing this time yesterday？ 昨天这个时候你在做什么？During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe.1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行。（2）表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。Tom was reading a book all morning.整个早晨汤姆都在读书。They were building a bridge there.他们在那里修一座桥。2.状语：过去进行时常与表示过去某个时间点的状语连用at that time 当时at this time last Sunday 上周日这个时候all day last Sunday 上周日一整天 at nine last night 昨晚九点at eight this morning 今天早上八点 from seven to nine last night 昨晚七点到九点3.其他用法（1）过去进行时表示语气的委婉、客气。I was wondering if you could give me a lift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车。We were hoping you would stay with us.我们很希望你能跟我们住在一起。（2）表示说话者一种情感色彩。She was always helping others when she lived here.她住这儿时总是帮助别人。（褒扬）They were always quarrelling.他们老是吵嘴。（厌烦）My little brother was continually asking questions.我弟弟老是问东问西的。（不耐烦）The little boy is always making trouble.这个小男孩总是惹麻烦。（抱怨）（3）过去进行时表示过去将来时。常用动词：become begin come die finish forget get go leave startstay turnThey wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.他们想知道我们什么时候到上海去。She asked whether he was starting the next day.她问他是否第二天就动身。They said they were going to set up a nursery.他们说他们要设立一个托儿所。学科网（北京）股份有限公司