京剧的英文介绍.pptx

会计学1京剧京剧(jngj)的英文介绍的英文介绍第一页，共13页。The gem-Beijing Operan nChinese traditional opera is Chinese traditional opera is considered considered one of the one of the worlds three ancient worlds three ancient operasoperas,together with Greek,together with Greek tragedy and comedy,and tragedy and comedy,and Indian Sanskrit opera.Indian Sanskrit opera.Among the more than 360 Among the more than 360 ancient local operas in ancient local operas in China,China,Peking Opera is Peking Opera is known as Chinas national known as Chinas national operaopera,despite its,despite its comparatively young 200-comparatively young 200-year history.year history.第1页/共13页第二页，共13页。Origin 京剧京剧(jngj)(jngj)非非“京京”Although it is called Peking Opera,the origins of Peking Opera Although it is called Peking Opera,the origins of Peking Opera are not in Beijing but in the provinces of Anhui(East China)and are not in Beijing but in the provinces of Anhui(East China)and Hubei(South-central China).Its rise is due in great part Hubei(South-central China).Its rise is due in great part toto the the favorable eyes and patronage of the imperial royalties.favorable eyes and patronage of the imperial royalties.京味道京味道 Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form dating back Peking Opera is a purely Chinese opera form dating back toto the year the year 1790,when the famous Four Anhui Opera Troupes first came 1790,when the famous Four Anhui Opera Troupes first came toto Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong(1711-1799)of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).The tour was a hit and(1711-1799)of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911).The tour was a hit and the troupes stayed.In 1828,some famous Hubei Opera Troupe the troupes stayed.In 1828,some famous Hubei Opera Troupe players came players came toto Beijing.Beijing.第2页/共13页第三页，共13页。The artists of Hubei and Anhui troupes often jointly performed The artists of Hubei and Anhui troupes often jointly performed on the stage and absorbed repertoires,music,arias and on the stage and absorbed repertoires,music,arias and performing techniques of each other and from other operas like performing techniques of each other and from other operas like Kun Qu,Qin Qiang and Bang Zi,as well as the local dialect Kun Qu,Qin Qiang and Bang Zi,as well as the local dialect and customs of Beijing.Its repertoires mainly depict fairy tales and customs of Beijing.Its repertoires mainly depict fairy tales of preceding dynasties and important historical events.of preceding dynasties and important historical events.湖北，安徽剧团的艺术家经常在舞台上共同表演和吸收的剧目，在音乐，曲调和表演技巧方面与其它剧种相互吸收。如昆曲，秦腔(qn qin)和梆子，以及当地的方言和北京海关的表演技巧。其剧目主要描绘古老神话故事和重要的历史事件 第3页/共13页第四页，共13页。n nIt was after 1840 that Peking Opera formally took shape,growing even faster It was after 1840 that Peking Opera formally took shape,growing even faster during the reign of the Empress Dowager Cixi(1835-1908),who was an during the reign of the Empress Dowager Cixi(1835-1908),who was an opera aficionado.Classic Peking Opera repertoires and the names of the first-opera aficionado.Classic Peking Opera repertoires and the names of the first-generation masters were on the lips of the people in Beijing,and eventually generation masters were on the lips of the people in Beijing,and eventually prevalent around the country.prevalent around the country.n n 京剧是京剧是18401840年以后正式形成了，慈禧太后（年以后正式形成了，慈禧太后（18351835至至19081908年）是一年）是一个歌剧爱好者，在位期间京剧发展个歌剧爱好者，在位期间京剧发展(fzh(fzh n)n)得更快。经典京剧剧目和第得更快。经典京剧剧目和第一代大师的名字，经过人民的传诵，并最终在全国各地普遍存在。一代大师的名字，经过人民的传诵，并最终在全国各地普遍存在。第4页/共13页第五页，共13页。生生ShengSheng:main male roleFour roles-第5页/共13页第六页，共13页。旦旦DanDan:young and beautiful femaleFour roles-第6页/共13页第七页，共13页。净净Jing:painted faced maleFour roles-第7页/共13页第八页，共13页。丑丑n nChou:clown,male or female Four roles-第8页/共13页第九页，共13页。n nSuch reforms have taken the form of creating a Such reforms have taken the form of creating a school of performance theory school of performance theory toto increase increase performance quality,performance quality,n n utilizing utilizing（利用（利用(lyng)(lyng)）modern elements modern elements toto attract new audiences,attract new audiences,n nand performing new plays outside of the and performing new plays outside of the traditional canon.traditional canon.（打破陈规）（打破陈规）第9页/共13页第十页，共13页。The development n nIn addition to more formal reform measures,Beijing opera troupes also adopted In addition to more formal reform measures,Beijing opera troupes also adopted more unofficial changes.Some of those seen in traditional works have been called more unofficial changes.Some of those seen in traditional works have been called technique for techniques sake.technique for techniques sake.n nThis has included the use of extended high pitch sequences by female DanThis has included the use of extended high pitch sequences by female Dan（旦）（旦）,and the addition of lengthier movement sections and percussion sequences to and the addition of lengthier movement sections and percussion sequences to traditional works.traditional works.第10页/共13页第十一页，共13页。n n开拓市场开拓市场开拓市场开拓市场n nToTo survive in an increasingly open market,troupes like survive in an increasingly open market,troupes like the Shanghai Jingju Company needed the Shanghai Jingju Company needed toto bring traditional bring traditional Beijing opera Beijing opera toto new audiences.new audiences.n n n n ToTo do this,they have offered an increasing number of do this,they have offered an increasing number of free performances in public places.free performances in public places.n n因此，他们在公共场所因此，他们在公共场所因此，他们在公共场所因此，他们在公共场所(nn nn ch ch n n su su)提供免费提供免费提供免费提供免费演出的越来越多演出的越来越多演出的越来越多演出的越来越多 第11页/共13页第十二页，共13页。Thanks第12页/共13页第十三页，共13页。