2023年高考英语复习全国通用第17讲完形填空夹叙夹议文(20空)(练)解析版.pdf

第 17 讲 完形填空夹叙夹议文（20 空）（练）A The first prize usually goes to the swiftest,but sometimes,the first one to cross the finish line isnt the only winner.Nowhere was that more _1_ than in a recent race in Shelbyville,Indiana.With less than a mile to go,Levi LaGrange from Western Boone High School accidentally _2_ a small stone on the rough ground,twisting his ankle.He signaled to Sheridan High School senior Axel Aleman that he could _3_ him,but at that moment,the race became a matter Aleman was less _4_ about.“I saw he was in _5_,”Aleman recalled(回忆).“As I got closer to him,he was _6_ to move.I asked if he was fine.He said he felt like something broken.”In an extraordinary act of true sportsmanship,Aleman _7_ to leave LaGrange behind.Placing an encouraging hand at the back of his _8_,for the rest leg of the race,Aleman _9_ with LaGrange.The two crossed the _10_ and Aleman even ensured LaGrange went first.LaGranges mother was impressed by Alemans thoughtful _11_ especially since the two had _12_ met before.It takes a lot for an 18-year-old to _13_ his position in the competition,“she said.”Axel never left Levis side.Alemans own mother,_14_,was not at all surprised by his sons goodwill.It really speaks to Axels _15_.He is always concerned about others more than himself,she said.When youre standing at a crossroador running by ityou can choose the path of _16_,or you can go the extra mile for someone _17_.For this teen athlete,the _18_ is clear.While we might not always recognize when life hands us a _19_ for grace(风度),when it does,in the words of Axel Aleman,“I would just really hope people do the _20_ thing.”1Acommon Btrue Cridiculous Dunreasonable 2Ahit Bspotted Cpicked Dthrew 3Ahelp Bfollow Cpass Dwait for 4Aconcerned Bworried Ccertain Dhopeful 5Aanger Bthe way Ca hurry Dgreat pain 6Acontinuing Bpretending Cintending Dstruggling 7Achose Brefused Cpreferred Dmeant 8Acompetitor Bteammate Cschoolmate Dacquaintance 9Adealt Bcaught up Caccompanied Dput up 10Acheck point Bcheering crowds Cfinish line Dsports field 11Aservice Bgesture Cguidance Drescue 12Aalready Bjust Conce Dnever 13Afind out Bgive up Cshow off Ddepend on 14Ahowever Botherwise Ctherefore Dbesides 15Aability Bcourage Cappearance Dcharacter 16Aself-control Bself-confidence Cself-discipline Dself-interest 17Ain peace Bin order Cin need Din relief 18Achoice Barrangement Cquestion Dprocess 19Atalent Bdemand Cchance Dskill 20Aurgent Bright Crewarding Dunexpected【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一位少年运动员放弃赢得比赛的机会而选择护送受伤的竞争对手越过终点的故事。这个故事引发我们的思考：在需要做选择的时候，我们会做出利己的选择还是会选择帮助他人？1B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近在印第安纳州谢尔比维尔的一场比赛中，这一点再真实不过了。A.common 常见的；B.true 真实的；C.ridiculous 荒谬的；D.unreasonable 无理的。根据上文“The first prize usually goes to the swiftest,but sometimes,the first one to cross the finish line isnt the only winner.”可知，第一名通常属于最快的选手，但有时，第一个越过终点线的选手并不是唯一的赢家。这一点在印第安纳州谢尔比维尔的一场比赛中体现地最为真切(true)。故选 B。2 A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛还有不到一英里的时候，来自西部布恩高中（Western Boone High School）的利瓦伊拉格朗日（Levi Lagrange）意外地在粗糙的地面上撞到了一块小石头，扭伤了脚踝。A.hit 打，撞击；B.spotted 发现；C.picked 挑拣，采摘；D.threw 扔。根据下文“twisting his ankle”可知，Levi Lagrange 在粗糙的地面上撞到了一块小石头。故选 A。3C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向谢里登高中高年级学生阿克塞尔阿莱曼（Axel Aleman）示意，他可以超过他，但在那一刻，比赛对于阿莱曼来说不再那么重要了。A.help 帮助；B.follow 跟随；C.pass 超过，经过；D.wait for 等待。根据“Levi LaGrange from Western Boone High School accidentally 2 a small stone on the rough ground,twisting his ankle.”可知，拉格朗日知道自己受了伤无法继续，所以示意他的对手阿莱曼可以超过他。故选 C。4 A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.concerned 关切的，忧虑的；B.worried 担忧的；C.certain肯定的；D.hopeful 有希望的。根据下文“In an extraordinary act of true sportsmanship,Aleman 7 to leave LaGrange behind.”可知，赛跑成了阿莱曼次要关切的事情。故选 A。5D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我看到他非常痛苦，”阿莱曼回忆道。A.anger 生气；B.the way方式；C.a hurry 匆忙；D.great pain 极度痛苦。根据下文“I asked if he was fine.He said he felt like something broken.”可知，他十分痛苦。故选 D。6D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走近他时，他正挣扎着移动。A.continuing 继续；B.pretending假装；C.intending 打算；D.struggling 挣扎。根据上文“I saw he was in _great pain_”可知，他正挣扎着要移动。故选 D。7B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在真正的体育精神的非凡表现中，阿莱曼拒绝将拉格朗日抛在身后。A.chose 选择；B.refused 拒绝；C.preferred 更喜欢；D.meant 打算。根据下第四自然段“Axel never left Levis side”可知，阿莱曼拒绝将拉格朗日抛在身后，这是真正的体育精神的非凡表现。故选 B。8A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿莱曼在比赛的剩余一段比赛中，将一只鼓舞人心的手放在对手的身后，并陪同他一起比赛。A.competitor 参赛者，对手；B.teammate 队友；C.schoolmate 校友；D.acquaintance 熟人。根据“It takes a lot for an 18-year-old to 13 his position in the competition”可知，此时正在比赛，他们是竞争对手。故选 A。9 C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.dealt 处理，解决；B.caught up 赶上，跟上；C.accompanied陪同；D.put up 容忍。根据下文“The two crossed the 10 and Aleman even ensured LaGrange went first.”可知，阿莱曼一直和拉格朗日在一起，陪同他完成剩余的比赛。故选 C。10 C【解析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：两人越过了终点线，阿莱曼甚至确保拉格朗日领先。A.check point检查站；B.cheering crowds 欢呼的人群；C.finish line 终点线；D.sports field 运动场。根据下文“Aleman even ensured LaGrange went first.”可知，两人越过了终点线。故选 C。11B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉格朗日的母亲对阿莱曼体贴的做法印象深刻，尤其是因为两人以前从未见过面。A.service 服务；B.gesture 手势，姿势；C.guidance 指导；D.rescue 营救。根据下文“He is always concerned about others more than himself”可知，阿莱曼这一体贴的做法给他母亲留下了深刻的印象。gesture 可用来指“something that you do or say to show a particular feeling or intention”，表示“做法”。故选 B。12D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.already 已经；B.just 刚刚；C.once 一次；D.never 从不。根据句中“especially”可知，这两人从来没有见过面，更加能凸显阿莱曼舍己为人的优秀品质。故选 D。13B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说：“对于一个 18 岁的年轻人来说，放弃自己在比赛中的位置需要付出很多。”A.find out 找出，查明；B.give up 放弃；C.show off 炫耀；D.depend on 依靠。根据上文“the race became a matter Aleman was less 4 about.”可知，阿莱曼放弃了自己的比赛，此处表示对于一个 18 岁的年轻人来说放弃自己应得的名次是很困难的。故选 B。14 A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，阿莱曼的母亲对儿子的善意一点也不感到惊讶。A.however然而；B.otherwise否则；C.therefore因此；D.besides 此外。根据下文“He is always concerned about others more than himself”可知，阿莱曼的母亲对儿子的善意一点也不感到惊讶，上下文是转折关系，需用 however 连接。故选 A。15D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“这确实说明了阿克塞尔的性格。他总是关心别人而不是自己。”A.ability 能力；B.courage 勇气；C.appearance 出现，外表；D.character 性格。根据下文“He is always concerned about others more than himself”可知，这符合阿莱曼的性格。故选 D。16D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你站在十字路口或在十字路口跑步时，你可以选择一条利己之路，也可以为有需要的人多走一英里。A.self-control 自控能力；B.self-confidence 自信心；C.self-discipline自律；D.self-interest 自身利益。根据“When youre standing at a crossroad”可知，在十字路口时，你可以选择利己的道路。self-interest 表示自身利益，符合句意。故选 D。17C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.in peace 和平地；B.in order 井然有序；C.in need 在危难中,需要；D.in relief 如释重负。根据“you can choose the path of 16 和“or”可知，与利己主义相反的另一种选择是为有需要的人多做出一点努力。故选 C。18A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这位青少年运动员来说，选择是明确的。A.choice 选择；B.arrangement 安排；C.question 问题；D.process 过程。根据“you can choose”可知，此处表示这位青少年运动员的选择。故选 A。19C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们可能并不总是意识到生活给了我们一个优雅的机会，但当机会降临时，用阿克塞尔阿莱曼的话说，“我真的希望人们做正确的事。”A.talent 天赋，才能；B.demand需求；C.chance 机会；D.skill 技能。当生活赐予我们展现风度的机会时，我们可能并不总是意识到。结合全文，阿莱曼正是抓住了这样的机会展现了自己的风度。故选 C。20B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.urgent 紧迫的；B.right 正确的；C.rewarding 值得的；D.unexpected 意外的。此处表示希望人们做出正确的事情，这也是本文的主旨所在。故选 B。B When my father married my mother in 1943,he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not spend it.This would _21_ that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.When I was married in 1970,my husband,who had heard this story,_22_ a 1937 crown for me and I have always kept it in my wallet,and I have always had enough to _23_ my needs.A friend recently fell on _24_ times,partly through outside _25_ and partly through poor planning.Friends and I have _26_ her money,even given her food,and tried to _27_ her budget techniques,but none has been a _28_,she has just slipped deeper into financial trouble and _29_.Last week she looked pale and unwell,very sad for a friend to see.I then thought about how the crown,a physical _30_ of another persons care and love,had _31_ me,so I went to the bank for a$100 dollar bill.I told my friend the _32_ and asked her to keep the$100 in the back of her wallet.It _33_ that she didnt have a wallet,so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins.She _34_ felt better and said“I feel rich,and thank you for being a good friend”,and then she gave me a _35_ hug.The reason for passing this on is not to _36_ any generosity on my part,but to _37_ the power of“random acts of _38_”.The universe is very _39_ and if you spread one good turn,the _40_ always comes.21Aconclude Bmean Csuggest Dpredict 22Awithdrew Bsent Cproduced Dobtained 23Asatisfy Bachieve Cspread Dincrease 24Adangerous Bspecial Cdifficult Ddebatable 25Aexperiences Bcomments Cthreats Dcircumstances 26Apaid Blent Creturned Dborrowed 27Abring Boffer Cteach Daward 28Asolution Bfailure Canswer Dmotivation 29Achaos Bconflict Ctension Ddepression 30Atransformer Breminder Copener Downer 31Aassisted Bserved Cprotected Dpleased 32Astory Btrick Csecret Dresult 33Afound out Bcame out Cturned out Dpointed out 34Ahopefully Bcontinually Ceventually Dimmediately 35Acheerful Bgrateful Cfaithful Drespectful 36Astrengthen Brepeat Cretell Dpraise 37Adisplay Bhonor Cmemorize Drecognize 38Aexpectation Bkindness Cdiscipline Ddevelopment 39Avast Bbalanced Cfair Dconsiderate 40Areward Btruth Cjudgment Dhappiness【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者父母结婚时，作者的父亲送给了作者的母亲一枚皇冠硬币来增加她的安全感，作者自己结婚时，丈夫也效仿了作者父亲的做法。当朋友遇到困境时，作者把这个故事讲给朋友，对其进行鼓励。文章旨在告诉我们世界是公平的，只要我们传递善举，回报也会随之到来。21B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着她总是觉得自己受到了保护，如果她真的需要钱的话，她会一直有钱。A.conclude 推断；B.mean 意味着；C.suggest 建议，表明；D.predict 预测。根据下文中的“she always felt that she was protected”可知，这意味着母亲会一直觉得自己被保护着。故选 B。22D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1970 年我结婚时，我的丈夫听了这个故事，为我获得了一枚 1937年的皇冠，我一直把它放在钱包里，我总是有足够的钱来满足我的需要。A.withdrew 撤回；B.sent 发送；C.produced 生产；D.obtained 获得。根据下文中的“I have always kept it in my wallet”可知，作者的丈夫为她获得了一枚皇冠硬币。故选 D。23 A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.satisfy 使满足；B.achieve 达到；C.spread 传播；D.increase增加。根据下文中的“needs”可知，此处指作者总是有足够的钱来满足自己的需求。故选 A。24C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位朋友最近陷入了困境，一方面是由于外部环境，另一方面是由于计划不当。A.dangerous 危险的；B.special 特别的；C.difficult 困难的；D.debatable 有争议的。根据下文中的“given her food”和“she has just slipped deeper into financial trouble”可知，此处指作者的朋友近期陷入了困境。故选 C。25D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.experiences 经历；B.comments 评论；C.threats 威胁；D.circumstances 环境。根据下文中的“partly through poor planning”及语境可知，此处指部分原因归咎于外在的环境。故选 D。26B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和朋友借给她钱，甚至给她食物，并试图教她预算技巧，但都没有解决办法，她只是陷入了更深的财务困境和抑郁。A.paid 支付；B.lent 借出；C.returned 归还；D.borrowed 借入。根据下文中的“even given her food”可知，作者和朋友们借钱给她。故选 B。27C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bring 带来；B.offer 提供；C.teach 教授；D.award 授予。根据下文中的“budget techniques”及语境可知，此处指作者和朋友们尝试教她预算技巧。故选 C。28 A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.solution解决办法；B.failure失败；C.answer答案；D.motivation动机。根据上文中的“but none has been a”及下文中的“she has just slipped deeper into financial trouble”可知，朋友们借给她钱，给她食物，并尝试教她预算技巧，但没有一种方法能解决她的问题。故选 A。29 D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.chaos 混乱；B.conflict 冲突；C.tension 紧张局势；D.depression抑郁、消沉。根据上文中的“she has just slipped deeper into financial trouble”可知，她陷入了更深的经济困境和消沉之中。故选 D。30B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我想到皇冠是如何保护我的，它是一种提醒别人关心和爱的东西，所以我去银行取了一张 100 美元的钞票。A.transformer 变压器；B.reminder 提醒物；C.opener开启工具；D.owner 主人。根据下文中的“another persons care and love”可知，此处指皇冠硬币是一个提醒她来自另一个人的关心和爱的物品。故选 B。31 C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.assisted 帮助；B.served 服务；C.protected 保护；D.pleased取悦。根据上文中的“she always felt that she was protected”可知，此处指这枚皇冠硬币曾经保护过作者。故选 C。32A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把这个故事告诉了我的朋友，让她把 100 美元放在钱包后面。A.story 故事；B.trick 伎俩；C.secret 秘密；D.result 结果。根据语境 he 上文的讲述可知，作者告诉了朋友这个关于皇冠硬币的故事。故选 A。33C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来她没有钱包，所以她把钱放在一个小铅笔盒里，放在那里存放硬币。A.found out 找出；B.came out 出来；C.turned out 结果是、原来是；D.pointed out 指出。根据上文中的“asked her to keep the$100 in the back of her wallet”和下文中的“she didnt have a wallet,so she put the money in a little pencil case”可知，作者让她把钱放进钱包里，结果她没有钱包，便把钱放到了铅笔盒里。故选 C。34D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立刻感觉好多了，说：“我觉得很富有，很感谢有你这个好朋友”，然后她给了我一个感激的拥抱。A.hopefully 有希望地；B.continually 不断地；C.eventually 最终；D.immediately 立刻。根据“felt better”可知，她立刻觉得好多了。故选 D。35B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cheerful 高兴的；B.grateful 感激的；C.faithful 忠实的；D.respectful 尊敬的。根据上文中的“thank you for being a good friend”可知，此处指她给了作者一个感激的拥抱。故选 B。36D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这一举动传递下去，不是为了赞扬我的慷慨，而是为了展示“随意的善举”的力量。A.strengthen 加强；B.repeat 重复；C.retell 重述；D.praise 赞扬。根据下文中的“any generosity on my part”及语境可知，此处指作者讲述这件事并不是为了赞扬自己的慷慨。故选 D。37 A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.display 展示；B.honor 致敬；C.memorize 记忆；D.recognize认出。根据下文中的“the power of random acts of _”可知，作者讲述这件事不是为了赞扬自己的慷慨，而是为了展现一个随意的善举的力量。故选 A。38B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.expectation 期待；B.kindness 善良、善意；C.discipline纪律；D.development 发展。根据上文的讲述可知，作者给处于困境的朋友 100 美元备用是一种善举，故选 B。39C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界是公平的。如果你传递一个善举，回报就会随之到来。A.vast 广阔的；B.balanced 均衡的；C.fair 公平的；D.considerate 考虑周全的。根据下文中的“if you spread one good turn,the _ always comes”及语境可知，此处指世界是公平的。如果你传递一个善举，回报也会随之到来。故选 C。40 A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.reward 回报；B.truth 真相；C.judgment 判断；D.happiness幸福。根据“if you spread one good turn”可知，如果你传递一个善举，回报就会随之到来。故选 A。C One day I was at home with nothing particular to do so I decided to turn on the TV.The San Diego Chargers_41_to be playing the Detroit Lions.At the time,I wasnt really into_42_at all.However,the seemingly down and out Chargers made a miraculous comeback to_43_!It was the players great dedication(奉献)that brought them the victory.Now years later,that simple decision of turning on the TV created a_44_for sports and a lifelong fan.But_45_I had never turned on the TV that day?Would I still have the same passion for sports?How_46_would the world be if one seemingly unimportant choice never happened?One would think it_47_how significant that event was.A decision a(n)_48_has to make on whether to go to war seems to have a much_49_impact than a decision on what a person decides to have for lunch._50_ even the most insignificant choices can have major effects,even changing the course of history.Could you ever believe that a little mold(霉菌)_51_the world?Without it,Alexander Fleming would not have made the revolutionary_52_of penicillin(青霉素).It all happened due to a simple accident in a lab.This does not have to be_53_to significant historical events,but small events can also lead to major changes in a persons life.Turning on the TV_54_making a huge impact in my life.Through sports,Ive learned the value of_55_.Its our_56_that make each of us unique._57_as they may seem at the moment,over time the significance of each of them greatly_58_whether you see the impact or not.This is why it is important to live life with intention as the choices you make_59_the life you live.Every choice_60_ 41Aseemed Bhappened Cpretended Dwanted 42Afootball Btechnology Cprogramming Dtravelling 43Aquit Bdefend Cwin Dbargain 44Apassion Bhistory Crule Drecord 45Ahow come Bonly if Cfor what Dwhat if 46Afascinating Bgood Cdifferent Dcivilized 47Areacts to Bresults in Cdepends on Dturns over 48Ahousewife Buniversity professor CEnglish learner Dworld leader 49Aquicker Bgreater Cfuller Dsimpler 50ATherefore Bwvr CInstead DMoreover 51Abuilt Bdestroyed Ccontrolled Dtransformed 52Astatement Bdiscovery Cgesture Dcomment 53Aapplied Battached Climited Dcompared 54Aended up Btook up Creferred to Dappealed to 55Acommitment Bteamwork Cconsideration Dfriendship 56Apromises Bmotivations Cchoices Ddreams 57AComforting BUseful CDelightful DSmall 58Aincreases Bdivides Cstrikes Dappears 59Aimprove Bdictate Cbrighten Doccupy 60Ahelps Bchanges Cfunctions Dmatters【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，本文主要讲述一天作者在家闲来无事打开电视观看一场足球比赛后变成球迷的经历。作者感悟当初打开电视这个决定对自己的生活起了重大的影响，并且认为人们生活中每一个决定都很重要，因为正是人们不 同的决定让每个人独一无二。41B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧圣地亚哥闪电队正在与底特律雄狮队比赛。A.seemed 似乎；B.happened 发生，碰巧；C.pretended 假装；D.wanted 想要。根据上文“One day I was at home with nothing particular