辨析be to do、 be going to do、 be about to do .pdf

辨析辨析 bebe toto dodo、be be goinggoing toto dodo、be about to dobe about to do第 2 页第 3 页was/was/werewere toto dodo 表示过去曾经计划要做的事或者过去应当做的事而且表示过去曾经计划要做的事或者过去应当做的事而且从现在的角度来看已经实现了。如从现在的角度来看已经实现了。如I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.I was to play Juliet.I was to play Juliet.The expedition was to start in a weeks time.The expedition was to start in a weeks time.was/were to have donewas/were to have done 表示表示“本打算本打算”、“本计划本计划”或或“本应当本应当”做的事做的事而没有做成或没有发生。如而没有做成或没有发生。如:I was to have seen him last Wednesday but he didnt come.I was to have seen him last Wednesday but he didnt come.We were to have been married last year.We were to have been married last year.1.1.表示表示“义务义务”、“应该应该”。意思接近于意思接近于 should must ought to have toshould must ought to have to 如如 No oneNo oneis to leave the building.is to leave the building.谁也不得离开这楼房。谁也不得离开这楼房。You are not to smoke in this room.You are not to smoke in this room.You are not supposed to smoke in this room.You are not supposed to smoke in this room.You are to be back by 10 oclock.You are to be back by 10 oclock.你必须十点以前回来。你必须十点以前回来。2.2.表示可能性表示可能性 相当于相当于 can maycan may 如如:Such books are to be found in the library.Such books are to be found in the library.这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。这样的书在图书馆里就能找到。Not a single sound was to be heard.Not a single sound was to be heard.一点儿声音也听不到。一点儿声音也听不到。Not a soul was to be seen.Not a soul was to be seen.看不到一个人影。看不到一个人影。She was nowhere to be found.She was nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到她。哪儿也找不到她。She was never to see his wife and family again.She was never to see his wife and family again.3.3.表示表示“命运命运”将来必然要发生的事将来必然要发生的事 译作译作“注定注定”。如。如HeHe camecame toto powerpower butbut hehe waswas toto playplay dearlydearly forfor it:it:soonsoon hehe waswasassassinated.assassinated.The worst is still to come.The worst is still to come.They said goodbye little knowing they were never to meet again.They said goodbye little knowing they were never to meet again.4.4.用于用于“if“ifwere to do”were to do”表示虚拟语气。如表示虚拟语气。如If it were to rain tomorrow the sports meeting would be put off.If it were to rain tomorrow the sports meeting would be put off.如果明天下雨如果明天下雨 运动会就会延期。运动会就会延期。第 4 页