the-definition-of-translation.pdf
The definition of translation1,The term translation has several meanings：it can refer to the general subject field，theproduct(the text that has been translated)or the process(the act of producing the translation，otherwise known as translating）.The process of translation between two different writtenlanguages involves the translator changing an original written text（the source language or ST）in the original verbal language(the source language or SL)into a written text（the target languageor TL）.-Jeremy Munday,2001 Introducing Translation StudiesTheories and applications2,Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of anequivalent target-language text。Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing,translationbegan only after the appearance of written literature。-From Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia3,Changing（speech or writing）from one language into another-Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English）4,translation is no longer a process simply between the source and the target texts with thetranslator alone in between,but a communicative interaction，a cross-culture event,and a wholecomplex of action involving teamwork among experts，from the client to the recipient,whereby the translator plays his own role as experts.-Mary Snell Hornby,2001Translation StudiesAn integrated approach5，。translation is defined as translational action based on some kind of text.The expressionsome kind of text indicates a broad concept，combining verbal and nonverbal elements,situational clues and hidden or presupposed information.-Chistiane Nord，2001Translation as aPurposeful Activity：Functionalists Approaches Explained6，translation is,of course，a rewriting of an original text.-Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere,1992Translation History CultureA Sourcebook7,A translation is not a monistic composition,but an interpenetration and conglomerate of twoStructures.On the one hand there are the semantic content and the formal contour of the original,On the other hand the entire system of aesthetic features bound up with the language of theTranslation.-Susan Bassnet,20028，the translator,as stated before,does not translate words or individual sentences(unless anislatedSentences has text status），but texts.Translation,therefore，is a text-oriented event.It followsfromThis that the most pertinent definition of translation is textoriented:translation is a procedureWhich leads from a written SLT to an optimally equivalent TLT and requires the syntactic,Semantic，stylistic and textpragmatic comprehension by the translator of the original。-Wills，1982翻译就是用一种语言形式
