化学专业英语试卷B答案.pdf
20132014 学年度第一学期应用化学专业专业英语课程试卷(应用化学专业专业英语课程试卷(A A)注意事项:1.考生务必将自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定位置;2.密封线和装订线内不准答题。题号分数一二三四总分=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=选分评卷人一、词汇填空一、词汇填空(写出下列每个词汇对应的英汉单词)(写出下列每个词汇对应的英汉单词)(共(共 2020 小题,每空小题,每空 1 1 分,分,共共 2020 分)分)1、分子(molecule)2、物理性质(physical property)3、硬度(hardness)4、电解质(electrolyte)5、熔点(melting point)6、沸点(boiling point)7、离子键(ionic bond or electrovalent bond)8、晶体(crystal)9、硅(silicon)10、钾(potassium)11、溶解度(solubility)12、构型(configuration)13、挥发性(volitility)14、正电荷(positive charge)15、phosphorus(磷)16、alcohol(乙醇)17、acetone(丙酮)18、base(碱)19、acid(酸)20、ether(乙醚)二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称(共二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称(共 1010 小题小题,每小题每小题 2 2 分,共分,共 2020 分)分)选分评卷人1、NaCNSodium cyanide2、Ba(OH)2Barium hydroxide3、KMnO4Potassium permanganate4、H2SO4Sulfuric acid5、ZnSO4zinc sulfate or zinc sulphate6、FeSIron(II)sulfide or Ferrous sulfide7、H3PO4phosphoric acid8、H2SO3Sulfurous acid9、HClO4Perchloric acid10、FeCl3iron(III)chloride or ferric chloride二、给下列有机化合物的英语名称(共二、给下列有机化合物的英语名称(共 5 5 小题小题,每小题每小题 4 4 分,共分,共 2020 分)分)选分评卷人2.1.甲乙醚ethyl methyl ether对甲基苯酚4-methyl phenol源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=3.4.5.苯乙烯styreneCH3CHC(CH2CH3)CH2 OH2-ethyl-2-buten-1-ol(CH3)3CCH2CH2OH4,4-dimethyl-1-butanol or 4,4-dimethyl butanol选分评卷人三、英译汉(共三、英译汉(共 1010 小题小题,每小题每小题 4 4 分,共分,共 4040 分)分)1、Carbon-sodium and carbon-potassium bonds are largely ionic in character;carbon-lead,carbon-tin,carbon-thalliumand carbon-mercury bonds are essentially covalent.碳-钠键和碳-钾键有较大的离子性,碳-铅键,碳-锡键,碳-铊键和碳-汞键基本上属于共价键。2、The reactivity of organometallic compounds increases with the percent ionic character of the carbon-metal bond.金属有机化合物的反应活性随着碳金属键中离子性所占的百分数的增大而增强。3、Organometallic compounds of lithium and magnesium are of great importance in organic synthesis.锂和镁的金属有机化合物在有机合成上有重大的意义。4、Unlike absorption,in which solute molecules diffuse from the bulk of a gas phase to the bulk of a liquid phase,inadsorption molecules diffuse from the bulk of the fluid to the surface of the solid adsorbent,forming a distinctadsorbed phase.在吸收过程中,溶质分子从气相主体中扩散的液相主体中。但是在吸附过程中,分子从流体主体中扩散到固体吸附剂的表面,形成一个独立的吸附相。5、Equipment for extraction must be capable of providing intimate contact between two phases so as to affect transfer ofsolute between them and also of ultimate effecting a complete separation of the phases.提取的设备必须能够让两相有紧密的接触,使得两相中溶质的转移得以实现。同时这个设备还要让两相的分离得以实现。6、Any potential application of adsorption has to be considered along with alternatives,notably distillation,absorptionand liquid extraction.任何可能的对于吸附的应用必须和其他的分离手段一起考虑来比较优劣,例如蒸馏,吸收和液相萃取。7、Leaching refers to the extraction of a soluble constituent from a solid by means of a solvent.浸提指的是通过使用一种溶剂把一种可溶性组分从固体中分离出来的提取办法。8、Separation of the compounds of a mixture by distillation takes advantages of the fact that different substances candiffer in the degree to which they can be vaporized under the conditions of the experiment.通过蒸馏来分离混合物中的组分利用的是这样一个原理:不同的物质在同一个实验条件下气化的程度有区别。9、In a mixture of two completely immiscible liquids,each exerts its own vapor pressure independently of the other.在一个由两个完全不互溶的液体所形成的混合物中,每一种液体都形成各自独立的蒸气压,相互不影响。源-于-网-络-收-集=Word行业资料分享-可编辑版本-双击可删=10、On both large and small scale crystallization is the most important method for the purification of solid organiccompounds无论是在大规模还是小规模上,结晶都是一种非常重要的提纯固体有机物的方法。源-于-网-络-收-集