2020届杭州市余杭区第二高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案.pdf

20202020 届杭州市余杭区第二高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参届杭州市余杭区第二高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案考答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class,a monitor（监控器）a fewhundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in JennifersLos Angelesapartment,the monitor inPhoenixtracked howfrequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in theroom.Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches,and her typing style was analyzed tomake sure she was who she said she was:Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in thepast？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating,this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field ofonline education.This technology gives trust to the entire system,to the institution and to online education ingeneral.Only with solid measures against cheating,experts say,can Internet universities show that their examsand diplomas are valid that students havent searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade,the concern over cheating has become sharperin the last year with the growth of open online courses.Private colleges,public universities and corporations arejumping into the online education field,spending millions of dollars to attract potential students,while also takingsteps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras,a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular.Among them are programs that check students identities using personal information,such as the telephonenumbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possiblecheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.As in manyuniversity classes,term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1.Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A.To correct her typing mistakes.B.To find her secrets in the room.C.To keep her from dishonest deeds.D.To prevent her from slowing down.2.What does the underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.sharpening toolB.advanced techniqueC.effective ruleD.dividing line3.How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A.By scanning the Internet test questions.B.By checking the question answering speed.C.By producing a large number of questions.D.By giving difficult test questions.BBrown cows may not actually make chocolate milk,but pink silkworms（蚕）do produce pink silk,a team ofscientists has discovered.To see if they could produce pre-dyed silk-silk that comes color1 ed,straight from thesource-the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry（桑树）leaves that had been sprayed（喷洒）with fabric（织物）dyes（染色剂）.Out of seven tested dyes,only one worked,producing a thread that reminded me of pink-dyedhair.And yes,the worms themselves take on some color1 before they produce silk.Their color1 ful diets did notaffect their growth,the team,which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR-National ChemicalLaboratory in India,reports in the journalACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering.(The researchers didnt looktoo deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms health.After all,silkworms die when people harvest theirsilk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because color1 ing fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water.Thewater gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process,requiring costly treatment before factories can sendit back into waterways.Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those water-washing steps.Scientistsare just starting to study this idea.However,it remains to be seen if its commercially successful.In thisexperiment,the Indian team tested seven dyes,which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms bodies differently.Some never made it into theworms silk at all.Others color1 ed the worms and their silk but the color1 disappears before the silk is turned intofabric.Only one dye,named direct acid fast red,showed up in the final,washed silk threads.By the time it madeit there,it was a pleasant,light pink.4.The text is most probably a(n)_.A.science reportB.tourist guideC.animal experimentD.fashion advertisement5.Silkworms can produce pink silk because _.A.they are born pinkB.they are dyed pinkC.they grow in pink waterD.they are fed dyed food6.Where is the experiment carried out?A.In America.B.In India.C.In Israel.D.In China.7.How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?A.One.B.Three.C.Five.D.Seven.CWhen you walk with a backpack,do you know how the things inside move from side to side?Now scientistshavefigured out how to tap into that movement to produce electricity.Picture a pendulum(摆锤)fixed to a backpack frame and stabilized with springs on either side.The packsweight is attached to the pendulum,so the pendulum swings side to side as you walk.Then a machine is driven bythat swinging movement,and spits out electrical current to charge a battery.Volunteers carried the pack while walking on a running machine and wore masks to measure the flow ofO2and CO2.Walking with the slightly swinging 20-pound load,the device(设备)did not significantly affect thevolunteers metabolic(新陈代谢的)rate compared to when they carried the same weight fixed in place.In fact,the energy-harvesting pack reduced the forces of acceleration theyd feel in a regular pack,which might meangreater comfort for a long hike.And the device did produce a steady trickle(涓流)of electricity.If you up the loadto 45 pounds,the swing of the pack could fully charge a smart phone only after 12 hours.The details are in thejournal Royal Society Open Science.The device produces electricity from human movement and has been identified as a workable solution toproviding a renewable energy source for portable electronic devices.It is particularly useful for those who work inremote areas,as these people often carry a lot of weight in a backpack for their exploration.But heres a realconundrum:the energy-harvesting device currently weighs five pounds.The researchers saythats about four pounds too many to be a smart alternative to batteries.So they hope that more research letsthem lighten the load,to ensure the pack charges you up without weighing you down.8.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A.How the device works.B.What the device looks like.C.Who the device is designed for.D.Why scientists designed the device.9.Which of the following describes the device?A.It greatly affected the volunteers metabolic rate.B.It harvested energy as the volunteers walk.C.It failed to produce steady electricity.D.It was useless for a long walk.10.What does the underlined word“conundrum”in the last paragraph mean?A.Problem.B.Method.C.Bond.D.Decision.11.What will the researchers try to do next?A.Increase the charging speed of their device.B.Find smarter alternatives to batteries.C.Reduce the weight of their device.D.Put their device on the market.DI dont want to talk about being a woman scientistagain.There was a time in my life when people askedconstantly for stories about what its like to work in a field dominated(controlled)by men.I was never very goodat telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting.What I do find interesting is the origin ofthe universe,the shape of space,time and the nature of black holes.At 19,when I began studying astrophysics(天体物理学),it did not bother me in the least to be the onlywoman in the classroom.But while earning my Ph.D.at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research,theissue started to bother me.My every achievement jobs,research papers,awards was viewed through thelens(镜片)of gender(性别)politics.So were my failures.Sometimes,when I was pushed into an argument on leftbrain versus(相对于)right brain,or nature versus nurture(培育),I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf andall womankind.Then one day a few years ago,out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply toany and all provocations(挑衅):I dont talk about that anymore.It took me 10 years to get back the confidence Ihad at 19 and to realize that I didnt want to deal with gender issues.Why should curing sexism be yet anotherterrible burden on every female scientist?After all,I dont study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard,a womens college in New York City.Recently,someone asked me howmany of the 45 students in my class were women.You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer,45.I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children.And Idont dismiss those concerns.Still,I dont tell them“war”stories.Instead,I have given them this:the visual oftheir physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments.And in turn they have given me the image of45 women driven by a love of science.And thats a sight worth talking about.12.Why doesnt the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A.She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination(歧视).B.She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.C.She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D.She finds space research more important.13.From Paragraph 2,we can infer that people would attribute(把归因于)the authors failures to _.A.the burden she bears in a male-dominated societyB.her involvement in gender politicsC.her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD.the very fact that she is a woman14.What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D.and post-doctoral research?A.Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B.Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C.Peoples fixed attitude toward female scientists.D.Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.15.What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A.Women students neednt have the concerns of her generation.B.Women can balance a career in science and having a family.C.Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.D.Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Fishing is a great family sport，and a fun summertime activity._16_.If you have never fished before it canseem very complicated.Expert fishers know when and where to find certain fish and the best technique to catcheach fish.Expert knowledge comes from years of experience._17_.As a beginner you will want to use a technique called“Bait(鱼饵)Fishing”.This type of fishing is probably theeasiest technique for catching fish.You will need some basic fishing equipment，which you can get at almost anyoutdoor gear store.You will have to have a rod and fishing line，hooks，some bait and if you are planning onkeeping the fish，you will need something to store the fish.The best way to learn how to fish is to learn fromsomeone who already knows，so when planning your fishingtrip，be sure to bring along someone who has fished before._18_，you will need to decide where to go fishing.Probably for the first time you will want to go to a local lake，where the water is calm and there are plenty of fish.You should also try to research the different types of fish that live in the place you decide to fish，so you knowwhat types of bait they like to eat and what you want to do with the fish once you have caught it._19_，you probably want to clean the fish，then store it before continuing fishing.If you want to releasethe fish，be extra careful when removing the hook，so it doesnt get hurt too badly，then gently hold the fish in thewater and allow it to swim away out of your hands._20_Take some time to learn from an expert and you will be able to catch all types of fish using a widevariety of methods.A.If you want to keep the fishB.After you have decided to go fishingC.Once your hook and bait is in the waterD.Now you have a very basic understanding of fishingE.There are many different species of fish and types of fishingF.Here are a few simple and basic fishing tips to get you startedG.At this point you will need to determine if you want to keep the fish第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Long ago I came to the city near my hometown to find a job.I met all kinds of _21_and so I used upallmy money soon.One day,I _22_a bus quietly at dusk when most people got off work.Suddenly,a _23_cried loudly,“Someone has_24_my money!”I felt_25_,because his money was in my_26_.Some peoplesuggested the bus be _27_to the police station,but some were against it_28_they were in a hurry to goback home.The whole bus was very _29_.The driver then _30_the bus by the road and turned on thelights to _31_the money.At that time,one passenger said,“Turn off the lights and give the thief a chance totake out the money.”Then the bus got _32_.When I was still struggling(斗争)in mind whether to take outthe money or not,the lights were on again.There was no_33_on the floor.Someone said again,“Give himone more _34_.”Then the lights were off again.My heart kept beating fast.The lights were on again but theygot the _35_result.The passengers were in heated discussion again.At that time,someone said again,“Givehim the _36_chance!”Suddenly I felt_37_and took out all the money when the lights were off again.For many years I have felt_38_to the one who gave me three chances to_39_my mistake.When thefirst and second opportunities come,you may not be prepared well or dont have enough_40_to act.Whenthe third opportunity comes you should know clearly what you should do.21.A.difficultiesB.strangersC.dangersD.chances22.A.got onB.waited forC.ran forD.passed by23.A.thiefB.driverC.passengerD.policeman24.A.borrowedB.receivedC.paidD.stolen25.A.sadB.calmC.nervousD.disappointed26.A.mindB.bankC.houseD.hand27.A.pushedB.drivenC.drawnD.carried28.A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.once29.A.noisyB.dirtyC.brightD.empty30.A.lostB.stoppedC.missedD.found31.A.take outB.give backC.search forD.throw away32.A.coldB.darkC.cleanD.crowded33.A.moneyB.waterC.paperD.space34.A.reasonB.wayC.opportunityD.choice35.A.strangeB.excitingC.secondD.same36.A.lastB.onlyC.fairD.good37.A.upsetB.awakenedC.pleasedD.interested38.A.painfulB.sorryC.luckyD.grateful39.A.makeB.tryC.repeatD.correct40.A.strengthB.skillC.courageD.experience第二节（共第二节（共 1 10 0 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Do you find it hard not_41._(check)your phone every couple of minutes?Do you respond tonotifications(通知)as soon as they come in?If so,youre not alone,and you might be interested to knowwhat_42._(make)us keep checking our phones.As we know,when we do get the rewards:a like,a follower,comments or shares of_43._(we)posts,itexc