2020届开封市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析.pdf
20202020 届开封市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析届开封市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AI once taught in a small private school.Each morning at nine oclock all the students,ranging in age fromthree to seven years old,gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a greatexperiment of the mind.”She held up two ivy(常春藤)plants,each potted in an identical container.She continued,“Do they look the same?”All the children nodded.So did I,for,in this way,I was alsoa child.“We will give the plants the same amount of light,the same amount of water,but not the same amount ofattention,”She said.“Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen awayfrom our attention and the other plant right here in this room.Each day for the next month,we shall sing to ourplant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it,and how beautiful it is.We will use our good minds tothink good thoughts about it.”Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the childrens.The kitchen plant was leggy andsick-looking,and it hadnt grown at all.But the Great Room plant,which had been sung to and surrounded bypositive thoughts and words,had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.In order to prove the experiment,the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy.Withinthree weeks,the second plant had caught up with the first ivy.Within four weeks,they could not be distinguished,one from the other.I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.1.Why did the headmistress do the experiment?A.She wanted to teach me a lesson.B.She expected the students to learn to grow plants.C.She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.D.She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.2.What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?A.It stopped growing and died.B.It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.C.It looked almost the same as the other one.D.It grew better than the one in the Great Room.3.What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.Life Means GrowthB.Things Grow with LoveC.Equality Makes a DifferenceD.Positive Thoughts Really CountBThe Chinese philosopher(哲学家)Confucius once said,“Time flows away like the water in the river.”This isespecially true as the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak has affected millions of people in China,andthewhole nation has been working day and night to fight the epidemic.In late January,when an increasing number of people in Wuhan were suspected to be infected,and hospitalsdidnt have adequate beds for them,two special hospitalsLei shenshan Hospital and Huo shenshan Hospitalwere built.These two makeshift(临时的)hospitals were built to treat pneumonia patients infected with the novelcoronavirus.HuoshenshanHospitalhas 1,000 beds and covers 33,900 square meters,andLeishenshanHospitalhas1,500 beds and a total area of about 79,000 square meters.More than 4,000 workers worked 24/7 in two shifts,and nearly 1,000 large-scale pieces of equipment and transport vehicles helped the project on site.The twohospitals were built in an amazingly short time.It only took 10 days for people to build Huo shenshan,and 14 daysfor Lei shenshan.This certainly wowed many people overseas.“Its incredible that two hospitals with 2,500 beds can be built ina short period.Its just hard to believe,”a foreigner named Stuart told Peoples Daily.In the meantime,Chinesecompanies have also taken actions quickly in this battle.“The automobile industry is highly industrialized with strong capabilities in comprehensive manufacturing,purchasing materials,production lines and output of technologies,”Shi Jianhua,deputy secretary-general of ChinaAssociation of Automobile Manufacturers,told CCTV News.“In this special time,when the nation needs moremasks,its time for us to quickly respond and shoulder the social responsibilities.”Indeed,a fast response is crucial in any crisis.In this special time,Chinacant afford to waste a second in thefight against the epidemic.After all,time equals life during this crisis.4.Confucius saying“Time flows away like the water in the river.”is mentioned to _.A.arouse readers interest in the passage.B.introduce the subject of the passage.C.present the background information.D.stress the value of time in epidemic.5.What can we learn about Lei shenshan hospital and Huo shenshan hospital?A.They are new hospitals for health care inWuhan.B.They were built in minimal time.C.Over 4,000 workers worked continuously.D.Stuart found them too massive to believe.6.We can infer from Shi Jianhuas words that the automobile industry inChina_.A.had no medical supplies factories before.B.guarantees whoever in need enough masks.C.has capabilities to give timely response.D.has strong abilities in manufacturing.7.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.China fights epidemic against the clock.B.Twospecial hospitals were constructed.C.Chinese firms acted quickly and effectively.D.Time is crucial for people in overcoming crisis.CHardware in general,and smartphones in particular,have become a huge environmental and health problemin the Global Souths landfill sites(垃圾填埋场).Electronic waste(e-waste)currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste,and it is set to increase rapidly asmore of us own more than one smartphone,laptop and power bank They end up in places like Agbogbloshie ontheoutskirts of Ghanas capital,Accra.It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world,where 10,000 informal workerswalk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process.They risk their health searching forthe precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.But Agbogbloshie should not exist.The Basel Convention,a 1989 treaty,aims to prevent developed nationsfromunauthorizeddumpingofe-wasteinlessdevelopedcountries.Thee-wasteindustry,however,circumventsregulations by exporting e-waste labelled as secondhand goods to poor countrieslike Ghana,knowing full well hat it is heading for a landfill site.A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals.This is not surprising:smartphones contain chemicals like mercury（水银）,lead and even arsenic(砷).Reportedly,one egg from afree-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certainchemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level thats about 220 times greater than alimit set by the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA).Most worryingly,these poisonous chemicals are free topollute the broader soil and water system.This should concern us all,since some ofGhanas top exports are cocoaand nuts.Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers waste.For example,Germanyhasstarted a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie,along with a health clinic forworkers.However,governments cannot solve the problem alone,as there is an almost limitless consumer demandfor hardware,especially when governments green policies are focused on issues like climate change.Only the manufacturers can fix this.A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution isthrough encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair,reuse and recycling of hardware profitable,or atleast cost-neutral8.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.Electronic waste requires more landfill sites acrossGhana.B.Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycleC.Electronic products need to be improved urgentlyD.Electronic pollution is a burning question in Agbogbloshie9.What does the underlined word circumventsin Paragraph 3 mean?A.AbolishesB.TightensC.Brings inD.Gets around10.What should be the best concern according to the text?A.The thread of polluted food around the worldB.The damage of chickens immune systemC.The lack of diversity inGhanas exportsD.The violation of EFSAs standards11.What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem?A.Manufacturers developing a sustainable hardware economyB.Governments adjusting their green policies about e-waste.C.Reducing customers demands for electronic productsD.Manufacturers urging the government to make effective policies to ensure more profit.DLight pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations,according tothe most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects lives,the researchers said.We strongly believeartificial light at night in combination with habitat loss,chemical pollution.invasive(入侵的)species,andclimate change is driving insect declines,the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.Insect population collapses have been reported around the world,and the first global scientific reviewpublished in February,said widespread declines threatened to cause a catastrophic collapse of naturesecosystems.There are thought to be millions of insect species,most still unknown to science,and about half are active atnight.Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when they are at rest.The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths(飞蛾)flapping around a bulb,mistaking it for the moon.Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed,as light waves line up afterreflecting from a smooth surface.But artificial light can scupper(使泡汤)this.Insects areimportant prey(猎物)for many species,but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights.Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species,the researchers said.The researchers said most human-caused threats to insects have analogues in nature,such as climate changeand invasive species.But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.However,unlike other drivers of decline,light pollution is ly easy to prevent.Simply turning off lights that arenot needed is the most obvious action,he said,while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution.Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important.It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights,whichinterfere with daily rhythms.LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful colours andflicker rates.12.What is discussed in the passage?A.Causes of declining insect populations.B.Consequences of insect population collapses.C.Light pollution:the key bringer of insect declines.D.Insect declines:the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.13.What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?A.How light travels in space.B.How light helps insects find food.C.How the food chain is interrelated.D.How light pollution affects insects.14.What does the underlined wordanaloguesin Paragraph 6probably mean?A.Selective things.B.Similar things.C.Variations.D.Limitations.15.What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A.To offer solutions.B.To give examples.C.To make comparisons.D.To present arguments.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项“Preparation is vital to surviving natural disasters,says Thomas M.Kostigen,the author of a new book calledthe Extreme Weather Survival Guide.We asked him about his new book.J:In your book,you write that when it comes to weather,“abnormal is the new normal._16_?T:Were seeing storms like weve never seen before in terms of intensity and frequency.Storms that occurredmaybe every hundred years are now occurring every three years.Thats the new normal we re living in.J:Do you think most people are prepared for extreme weather events?T:No.I think most people are aware of the weather.We talk about it even when there is nothing else to talkabout._17_.They usually dont think about that until the storm arrives,and then they get panic and wonderwhat to do.J:What are the most important steps people should take to increase their preparation?T:In any situation,there are three things that you need to do.One,get informed on whats happening aroundyou._18_.Three,ride out any event that is bearing down on you and stay smart during recovery.J:How should people decide if they should shelter in place or withdraw?T:_19_.The typical choice is to stay in place unless you have enough time to get away.For some events,if you are prepared and have an escape route,you should know well in advance to get out of there.J:Was there any survival advice that surprised you?T:One of the really interesting ones is not to take shelter under an overpass during a tornado._20_.Thus,they dont provide much protection.But in a lighting storm,its advisable to seek shelter in a building.A.That depends on the eventB.Can you explain what you meanC.Winds can increase speed under themD.Next,have a plan and an emergency kit readyE.But then people dont take the next step to get preparedF.What role has climate change played in extreme weatherG.Extreme weather events have become more frequent in recent years第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Suppose you are offered a job or an opportunity to study in another country.You are going tomake_21_foryour big adventure.Preparations for culture shock are_22_things you should_23_.Your views may fight with different_24_,values,and traditions.You may have difficulty in getting used to anew culture,which is not_25_to you.This is culture shock.There are four stages（阶段）to culture shock which you will_26_.In the first stage,you see the new culture in a_27_light.The new country seems_28_.The localhabits are interesting and the people you come across are welcoming and_29_.Unfortunately this stage willfinally come to a(n)_30_.Usually around three months after arriving at the new_31_,differences between your own cultureand the new culture begin to_32_.These differences often create anxiety.Excitement_33_feelingsof stress and anger due to some unfavorable events.Loneliness begins to_34_a sense of disconnection.As much as one year_35_,you become used to the new culture.You begin to see that even thoughthe_36_of the culture are different from your own,it has something that you can learn to_37_.Then,you are able to participate_38_in the host culture.This stage can be considered as biculturalwhere you keep many differences.Obviously,culture shock is something you cannot_39_when living in a foreign country.However,whenyou have completely got used to a new culture you can more fully_40_it.21.A.guessesB.preparationsC.rulesD.contributions22.A.importantB.sillyC.perfectD.impressive23.A.determineB.admitC.considerD.contrast24.A.altitudesB.motivationsC.approachesD.beliefs25.A.importantB.attractiveC.familiarD.special26.A.surviveB.experienceC.designD.arrange27.A.favorableB.naturalC.reliableD.unique28.A.wonderfulB.painfulC.thankfulD.useful29.A.aggressiveB.cautiousC.friendly
