2022年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙卷）.docx

阅卷人得分阅读理解2022年高考英语真题试卷（全国乙卷）Ui一、阅读理解第一节阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 个选项中，选出最正确选项。（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分） （共15题；共30分）Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait (肖像画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00DUNCAN THOMSONRaeburns English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburn'sPortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artist's Training in the 18thCenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.0017.45Sunday 12.0017.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.Admission£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.阅卷人得分（6）cause > causing（7）【答案】 greatly great lives一 live（3）because 后力口 of（4）Whether> If/When（5）they you 去掉 have 后的 been what- which were- are bicycle- bicycles六、写作 第二节书面表达（总分值25分）（共1题；共25分）52. （25分）学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表 中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1）学习活动状况描述：2）简单评论；3）你的建议。听英语毁曲 看英语电影 浏览英语学习网站 学生英语学习活动调查结果（人数百分比）注意：1）词数100左右；2）短文的题目和首句已为你写好。【答案】Learning English Beyond the ClassroomNowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.As far as I'm concerned, it is a disturbing trend. For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they're more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. It*s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.试题分析局部1、试卷总体分布分析总分：120分分值分布客观题（占比）55.0(45.8%)主观题（占比）65.0(54.2%)题量分布客观题（占比）3(5.8%)主观题（占比）6(11.5%)2、试卷题量分布分析大题题型题目量（占比）分值（占比）写作第一节短文改 错（共10小题；每 小题1分，总分值10 分）1(1.9%)10.0(8.3%)阅读理解第二节 （共5小题；每题 2分，总分值10分）1(1.9%)10.0(8.3%)语言知识运用第一 节（共20小题；每 小题1.5分，总分值30分）1(1.9%)30.0(25.0%)阅读理解第一节阅 读以下短文，从每题 所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出 最正确选项。（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分）4(7.7%)30.0(25.0%)写作第二节书面表 达（总分值25分）1(1.9%)25.0(20.8%)语言知识运用第二 节（共10小题；每 小题1.5分，总分值15分）1(1.9%)15.0(12.5%)3、试卷难度结构分析序号难易度占比1普通(9.6%)2困难(7.7%)4、试卷知识点分析序号知识点（认知水平）分值（占比）对应题号1推理判断题24.0(20.0%)4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,152新闻报道类8.0(67%)12,13,14,153教行文化类30.0(25.0%)21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,404人物故事类8.0(67%)4,5,6,75语法填空15.0(12.5%)41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,506提纲作文25.0(20.8%)527数字计算题6.0(5.0%)1.2,38细节理解题22.0(18.3%)1,2,3,4,5,6,7,12 ,13,14,159词义猜想题8.0(67%)8,9,10,1110主旨大意题8.0(67%)8,9,10,1111说明文38.0(31.7%)8,9,10,11,21,22, 23,24,25,26,27, 28,29,30,31,32, 33,34,35,36,37, 38,39,4012短文改错10.0(8.3%)5113七选五10.0(8.3%)16,17,18,19,2014科普环保类38.0(31.7%)8,9,10,11,21,22, 23,24,25,26,27, 28,29,30,31,32, 33,34,35,36,37, 38,39,4015半开放性作文25.0(20.8%)5216图画式说明文25.0(20.8%)5217时文广告类6.0(5.0%)1,2,31. （2 分） What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries?A. Sun. 26 Oct.B. Thurs. 30 Oct.C. Thurs. 6 Nov.D. Thurs. 13 Nov.2. （2 分） How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A. £4.B. £8.C. £12.D. £16.3. （2 分）How can full-time students get group discounts?A. They should go on Sunday mornings.B They should come from art schools.C. They must be led by teachers.D. They must have ID cards with them.【答案】1. BB2. C阅读理解的In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.一Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood-traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo, to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed （牵涉）drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism （坚忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: "When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter/（2 分）Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A.To teach in a school.B.To study American history.C.To write a book.D.To do sightseeing.3. （2 分）What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A.They enjoyed much respect.B.They had a room with a bathtub.C.They lived with the localkids.D.They suffered severe hardships.4. （2 分）Which part of Wickenden writing is hair-raising?A. The extreme climate of Auburn.B. The living conditions in Elkhead.C. The railroad building in the Rockies.D. The natural beauty of the West.5. （2 分）What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C A children's story.D. A diary entry.【答案】4. AD5. CB阅读理解Can a small group of drones （无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today's Heyes in the skyn technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure （基石出设施） worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position ofrailway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient （高效） across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews* efforts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a copilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.6. （2 分）What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.B Drones* ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones* reliable performance in remote areas.7. （2 分）What does "maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.C. Inspection and repair.B , Assistance from drones.D. Construction of infrastructure.8. （2 分）What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To provide early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.9. （ 2 分） Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected w汕 DronesB How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC. What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways【答案】8. BC9. AD阅读理解The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers* efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than Im litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities （设方在）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.10. （2 分）Why was the sugar tax introduced?A. To collect money for schools.B. To improve the quality of drinks.C. To protect children's health.D. To encourage research in education.11. （2 分）How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?A. They turned to overseas markets.B They raised the prices of their products.C. They cut down on their production.D. They reduced their products1 sugar content.12. （2 分）From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?A.Most alcoholic drinks.B.Milk-based drinks.C.Fruit juices.D.Classic Coke.13. （2 分）What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A.It is a short-sighted decision.B.It is a success story.C.It benefits manufacturers.D.It upsets customers.【答案】12. CD13. DB阅卷入得分二、阅读理解 第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）（共5 题；共10分）（10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保持） long-distance friendships. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact （联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 16. More isn*t always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 17. . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. Practise empathy （共情）18. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demandsplaced on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact thatyour friend may feel abandoned.19.Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends* birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. Don't rely on technology alone20 . , but long-distance friendships - even close ones - may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communicationF. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media阅卷人得分