(文末附答案)人教版高考英语基础知识点归纳总结.docx

（文末附答案）人教版高考英语基础知识点归纳总结单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、一What do you think of the film tonight?. I can, t think too highly of it.A . Just so soB .It' s hard to sayC . It* s really interestingD . Sounds great2、一What happened to her new car?一No sooner it than someone ran into her.A . had she boughtB . did she boughtC . she boughtD . she had bought3、一Is Su Ning fit for the task?一Hang on. I'll tell you what I think of it.A . properlyB . correctlyC . exactlyD . highly4、in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.A . To walkB . WalkedC . WalkingD . Having walked5、- ?一 Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep?A . How are you feelingB . So whatC . Is there anything wrongD . Can I help you6、All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,that I had a talent for football.A . sayB . saidC . to sayD . saying7、We can that Howard Carter discovered the tomb of King Tutankhamun at the age of 48 .A . catchB . appealC . inferD . differ小提示:5、答案：D解析：考查情景交际。句意：我能帮你吗？ 请你给我拿些药，好让我睡个好觉吗？ A.How are you feeling你 觉得怎么样;B.So what那又怎么样；C.ls there anything wrong有什么不对劲吗；D.Can I help you我能帮你吗。 根据"Will you please get me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep"可知,此处是问能帮到什么。故 选D。6、答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：操场上所有的足球运发动都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。分析句子结构可知，本句已 有谓语动词cheered ,且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词say与逻辑主语players之间是主动 关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。应选D。7、答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以推断，霍华德卡特在48岁时发现了图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。A. catch抓住, 理解，赶上；B. appeal吸弓I,上诉；C. infer推断；D. differ不同。根据句意可知，此处是指结合一些事实推断 霍华德卡特48岁时发现图坦卡蒙国王的陵墓。应选C。小提示：8、答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：物价上涨得这么快，这个贫穷的家庭连生活必需品都买不起。“with+宾语+宾语补足10语”为固定用法，prices和going up为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。应选C。9、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge 挑战；C. impression 印象；D. intelligence 智力。根据 "While"和"boys often overestimate their abilities."可 知，男孩和女孩进行比照，女孩缺乏自信。应选A。10、答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于这所学校提供多种选修课，学生可以根据自己的兴趣自由选择。A. flexible 灵活的；B. dependent依赖的，依靠的；C.available可获得的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文uSince this school provides various optional courses” 可知课程的选择很灵活，应用 flexible。应选 Ao11、答案：B解析：考查状语从句。句意：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特米德尔顿走进了婚礼大厅。此处去掉it was和空处, 句子成分不完整，不是强调句句型，故排除A选项；引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”应用when。应选Bo12、答案：B解析：考查固定动词短语搭配。句意：有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机，但事实上，人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸 首。根据句型结构和句意分析可知，此题考查blame的固定短语搭配。blamefor表"因而责备" ；be to blame表“应承当责任；该受责备（或指责）的”，均为固定搭配。应选B项。1113、答案：A解析：考查there be句型和非谓语动词。句意：我原以为书展上会有很多人等着买新书，但只有少数人对今天的书表 现出兴趣，这些书通常都是空洞的。分析句子可知，空格一处涉及there be句型，“expect”后接不定式作宾 语，故应用“there be”的不定式形式，即“there to be”，故空格一填“there to be” ；句中有谓语动词“had expected”，故空格二应用非谓语动词，“people”和“wait”为逻辑上的主谓关系,故应用“wait”的 现在分词“waiting”作后置定语，故空格二填“waiting”。应选A项。14、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A. inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；D. comprehension 理解。根据"For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review,n可知,考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选Do15、答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰从国外回来后，渴望尽快回去工作。A. anxious焦虑的；B. eager盼望的， 急切的；C. worried 担忧的；D. brave 勇敢的。根据后文 “to get back to work as soon as possible after he came back from abroad11可知，约翰从国外回来后，渴望尽快回去工作，应用be eager to。应选B。16、答案：D解析：考查介词。句意：中国在过去几年里的巨大变化给外国游客留下了深刻的印象。A. for为了 ； B. with用；C.of的；D. on在之上。固定短语leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，因此应用介词ono12应选D项。17、答案：C解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The earth单数，谓语单数形式。应选C项。18、答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴雨已经持续了好几天，河水已经上涨了 30厘米。A.risen上涨；B.raised举起；C.arisen出现；D.lifted抬起。由“by 30 centimeters”可知，河水是上涨了 30厘米，空格处是“上涨”，应选Ao19、答案：A解析：考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最好的农作物和饲养的动物。根据时间状语byabout 6000 BC可知，句子应用过去完成时。应选A。小提示：20、答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：艾德成认考试作弊。acknowledge doing sth是习惯用法，动名词作宾语。应选D项。21、答案：C13 考查定语从句。句意：蹦极在年轻人中很受欢迎，在那里勇气比力量更重要。分析句子结构可知，空处弓I导非 限制性定语从句，先行词Bungee Jumping,在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。应选C。22、答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰;B.construction建造；C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语,结合句意和空后的uof spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours"可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。23、答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他仔细听着，好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine决定；B.react作出反响；C.explore 探索；D.distinguish 分辨。由"his mother' s footsteps from the crowd"可知，句子表示 “他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”，空格处意为“分辨”。应选Do24、答案：A解析：考查倒装。句意：狗一听到主人的声音就冲了出去。out在此处是方位副词，方位副词放句首要用完全倒装， 把谓语动词rushed提到主语the dog前面。应选A。25、答案：A解析：考查固定短语和介词。句意：当科学家们探索亚马逊丛林时，很可能会遇到一些他们不熟悉的独特动物。which指代的是先行词animals, sth./sb. be unfamiliar to sb.意为“某物/某人对某人来说是不熟悉的“，因此空格处是介词t。，应选A。1426、答案：exposed#xposed解析：考查语态。句意：泄露的文件透露了更多细节。根据句意和首字母可知，空处是“曝光" expose, “细节”和 “曝光”是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词后填过去分词。故填exposed。27、答案:appeal#ppeal解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：足球总是能吸引那些精力充分的男孩。根据单词首字母以及句意“吸引”可知应填动 词appeal,且上文为短语fail to do sth.。故填appeal。28、答案：opportunity#pportunity解析：考查名词。句意：你最好利用这个机会来锻炼你的头脑和性格。空格处作take的宾语，用名词，根据首字母及 语境提示可知填opportunityo29、答案：dotted#otted解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其 中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。be dotted with点缀着；遍布的，在句中作宾语补足语，所以用过去分 词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填dotted。30、答案：scene#cene解析：考查名词。句意：犯罪现场的照片在20分钟内开始送到。由"Photographs of the crime"及首字母提示s可15 知，句子表示“犯罪现场的照片在20分钟内开始送到“，空格处意为“现场”，是scene,根据句意可知，特 指犯罪现场，因此空格处用单数，故填scene。31、答案：messy#essy解析：考查形容词。句意：在这张乱糟糟的桌子上我什么也找不到。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为messy ；设空处 后为名词，设空处应为形容词修饰名词。根据“cant find anything （什么也找不到）”可知这张桌子是凌乱的, 故填messyo32、答案：resolve#esolve解析：考查动词。句意：在两天的讨论之后，两个政党同意以一种和平的方式去解决这次冲突。固定搭配agree tod。 sth.（同意去做某事），即动词agree后接动词不定式作宾语。根据首字母和句意可知，要用动词原形resolve（解 决）。故填 resolve。33、答案:convey#onvey解析：考查动词。句意：我们的面部表情可以传达我们的情绪，如生气，高兴或失望。根据句意和首字母提示可知， 应填入动词convey作谓语，意为“传达”，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填convey。34、答案:belonging#elonging解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：盖格尔和她的同事观察了 3200年前的化石骨骼，它属于一种已灭绝的牛种欧洲 野牛。分析句意和首字母，设空处应用动词belong,短语：belong to意为“属于”，没有被动语态；句子的 谓语为looked,故设空处为非谓语动词，belong与逻辑主语fossil bones之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式,16作fossil bones的后置定语。故填belonging。35、答案：scared#cared解析：考查形容词。句意：当其他乘客都吓得要死的时候，这个孩子却完全镇定，一点也不害怕。根据句意“害怕的” 和首字母“s”可知，此处应填形容词scared,作表语，修饰主语the other passengers的状态。故填scared。36、答案：priority#riority解析：考查名词。句意：在我看来，教育是头等大事，因为它非常重要。根据单词首字母以及句意以及上文的形容词 top,可知应填名词priority作主语，意为“最重要的事”。故填priohty。37、答案:enlarged#nlarged解析：考查时态。句意：通过阅读课本，我们学会了语法，扩大了词汇量。根据句意和首字母可知，空处所填词为 enlarge的某种形式。根据“have learned”可知，and连接词的是两个并列的动词。为现在完成时。故填 enlargedo38、答案：burden#urden解析：考查名词。句意：每一代都有愿意担起重任，为祖国和人民谋利益的人。根据句意“负担”和首字母提示“b” 可知，此处应填名词burden作宾语。故填burden。39、答案:Despite#espite17 考查介词。句意：尽管博物馆历史悠久，珍宝众多，但它需要一位作家的帮助才能真正成名。根据句意和首字 母提示可知,介词despite “尽管”符合题意。故填Despite。40、答案：annually#nnually解析：考查副词。句意：这对夫妇每年都庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。根据文意可知，庆祝结婚纪念日应是每年都举行的, 根据首字母可知，应填annual,再分析可知，此空应填副词结构形式修饰动词celebrate。故填annually。41、答案:benefited#enefited解析：考查谓语动词的时态。句意：去年，我国开展的反贫困工程使这一地区的贫困人口受益。根据首字母提示及句 意，可知为benefit,设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语last year,可知句子的时态为一般过去时。故填 benefited o42、答案：attend#ttend解析：考查不定式。句意：Burin告诉我，蒙古人每年都从四面八方赶来参加这个节日，就像他们的祖先几个世纪以 来所做的那样。由“travel every year from near and far”可知，蒙古人每年都从四面八方赶来参加这个节日， 空格处意为“参加”，由首字母提示a可知，是attend,空格处用不定式表目的，空格前有to,因此空格处用 动词原形，故填attend。43、答案:extent#xtent解析：考查名词。句意：很多人认为她辜负了海伦“世上最美女性”的称号，因此在某种程度上影响了大家对这部电 影的看法。to some extent在某种程度上。结合首字母提示及句意，故填extent。1844、答案:flexible#lexible解析：考查形容词。句意：在外工作的母亲应该有灵活的时间安排，以便更容易照顾孩子。根据单词首字母以及句意 “灵活”可知应填形容词flexible,作定语修饰名词schedules。故填flexible。45、答案：entrance#ntrance解析：考查名词。句意：许多家长站在延安一中的门口，为了看到他们的孩子。分析句子可知，“at”为介词，后接 名词，根据单词首字母以及句意可知，空白处要用“门口”含义。entrance意为“入口（处）”，为名词词性, 句中特指延安一中的门口，故应用“entrance”的单数形式。故填entrance。46、答案：Dear Editor,r m Li Hua. T m writing to you to share a bad habit of my life, and explain why and how I plan to change the bad habit.In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks. Obviously they are harmful to our health. These food can cause malnutrition and contain a lot of calories. To get rid of the bad habit, I plan to eat at home instead of restaurants, drink warm water, and eat more vegetables. Besides I will try taking exercise twice a week.I hope that I will develop a good habit and live a healthy life.Yours sincerely,Li Hua解析：【导语】198、With prices up so fast, the poor family can' t afford even necessities.A . wentB . goesC . goingD . to go9、While girls in general lack, boys often overestimate their abilities.A . confidenceB . challengeC . impressionD . intelligence10、Since this school provides various optional courses, students will have a(n)choice according to their interest.A . flexibleB . dependentC . availableD . reliable11、It was April 29, 2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the weddingceremony.A . thatB . whenC . sinceD . before12、Some people blame the smart phone the tragedy, yet in fact, people* s weakening self-controlA . for, should blameB . for, is to blameC . on, should be blamedD . on, is to blamed13、I had expected a lot of people to buy new books at the book fair, but only a few showedinterest in books of today which are usually full of emptiness.A . there to be; waitingB . to have; waitedC . there being; to be waitingD . were there; waiting14、For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond their.A . inspirationB . restorationC . fascinationD . comprehension本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份写一封信给编辑关于你想要改变生活方式中已经形成的不好 习惯。词汇积累计划、打算：plan一intend导致：causeresult in此夕卜：Besides一What' s more尝试：tryattempt句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks. Obviously they are harmful to our health.拓展句：In my daily life, I like eating junk food such as hamburger, potato chips, and cold drinks, which are obviously harmful to our health.小提示：高分句型 1 r m writing to you to share a bad habit of my life, and explain why and how I plan to change the bad habit.（运用why和how引导的宾语从句）高分句型 2 I hope that I will develop a good habit and live a healthy life.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从句）47、答案：Our Delicate WorldLast week, our class organized a social practice on the theme of uOur Delicate Worldn . The practice was meaningful and brought us lots of benefits.20Upon arriving at the local nature reserve park, we were given a warm welcome and shown around the park, which is home to various animals and plants in the local ecosystem. Meanwhile, we were arranged to listen to a lecture on ecosystem issues.With the staff patiently teaching and guiding, we were divided into groups and did some sorts of practice, such as observing and learning some plant and animal samples, testing water quality, cleaning up garbage in the park and so on. What* s more, we worked with the staff, completing posters to inform the public about the importance of maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.From the practice, I sincerely felt it greatly important to protect our living world.解析：【导语】这是一篇记叙文。要求考生对班级上周末以“Our Delicate World”为主题组织了一次社会实践活动，写一篇记 叙文记录活动的整个过程。词汇积累组织、安排：organise-arrange到达、抵达：arrive atreach测试：tesLput.to the test保持平衡：maintain the balancekeep the balance句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Last week, our class organized a social practice on the theme of “Our Delicate World" . The practice was meaningful and brought us lots of benefits.21 拓展句:Last week, our class organized a social practice on the theme of “Our Delicate World" ,which was meaningful and brought us lots of benefits.小提示：高级句型 lUpon arriving at the local nature reserve park, we were given a warm welcome and shown around the park, which is home to various animals and plants in the local ecosystem.（运用了 which 引导的非限制性定 语从句）高级句型 2Whaf s more, we worked with the staff, completing posters to inform the public about the importance of maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.（运用了现在分词作状语）48、答案：One possible version:Promoting Chinese ClassicsChinese classics are important to shape our national identity and build our national pride. However, nowadays those classic books have become less and less popular among teenagers.All parties in the school should join their hands to promote Chinese classics. First of all, students should attach more importance to reading books instead of spending time in front of a screen. Besides, teachers can help students build their own clubs of Chinese classics. Last but not least, to raise students' interests, the school can hold more competitions or activities about Chinese classics.Chinese classics carry the essence of traditional Chinese culture. Only with the joint efforts can we protect and promote traditional Chinese culture.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生写一封建议书，提倡学生多阅读中国经典名著，一起弘扬中国传统文化。22词汇积累 重要的：importantsignificant首先：first of all=to begin with帮助：help一assist此夕卜：besideswhat' s more句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：All parties in the school should join their hands to promote Chinese classics.拓展句：All parties in the school should join their hands to promote Chinese classics, which is beneficial to the spread of traditional Chinese culture.小提示：高分句型1Last but not least, to raise students' interests, the school can hold more competitions or activities about Chinese classics.（动词不定式作目的状语）高分句型2Only with the joint efforts can we protect and promote traditional Chinese culture.（only+状语置于句首，使用 了 局部倒装）49、答案：Dear Mike,I am excited to express my thanks to you for your encouragement and guidance in the past months.23Last week, I won second place in the English writing contest held in our school. I was not good at English before and therefore I had difficulty catching up with my classmates. However, it was because of your help and patience that I fell in love with learning English, especially writing in English. I would not have made such great progress without your practical guidance.Many thanks again and best wishes to you!Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Mike写一封电子邮件，感谢他一直给予你的鼓励和指导。其 中信件内容包括：写信目的、感谢理由和你的祝愿。词汇积累高兴:excited-glad感谢:thanksappreciations擅长：be good aLbe adept at赶上:catch up with keep pace with句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I am excited to express my thanks to you for your encouragement and guidance in the past months.拓展句：I am excited to express my thanks to you because you have encouraged and guided me in the past24months.小提示：【高分句型 1 However, it was because of your help and patience that I fell in love with learning English, especially writing in English.（运用了强调句）【高分句型 2 I would not have made such great progress without your practical guidance.（运用了虚拟语气）50、答案：Dear fellow students,High school study brings the huge pressure to our students. So on behalf of the Psychology Club, I advocate that we should use different methods to ensure our mental health.First, face our pressure bravely. Some measures can relieve the pressure, such as listening to music, doing exercise and so on. Besides, talking with others about our pressure can make us feel relaxed. We have Agony Aunts in our club who can give you some psychological advice.I hope all of you are healthy physically and mentally.Yours sincerely,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学校的心理社团，倡导同学们以多种方式缓解压力，保障心理健康。 内容应包括：具体做法；预期效果；表达期待。词汇积累 方法：methodsways25首先：first>at first此夕卜:besidesin addition建议:advice-suggestion句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：High school study brings the huge pressure to our students.拓展句：High school study brings the huge pressure to