高中英语现在完成时时态高频考点知识梳理.docx
高中英语现在完成时时态高频考点知识梳理单项选择题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、 I about what you' ve said and I' ve decided to take your advice .A . thoughtB . have been thinkingC . was thinkingD . was thinking答案:B解析:试题分析:现在完成进行时表示动作由过去的某一刻开始一直在进行中,直到说话的时候才刚好结束。根据句 意,可知选Bo考点:时态和语态2、 We to make our environment more beautiful since the time humankind started gardening.A . tryB . are tryingC . have been tryingD . will try答案:C解析:考查动词时态。句意:自从人类开始园艺以来,我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽。根据时间状语since the time humankind started gardening可知,谓语动词应用现在完成时,从而排除ABD三项,根据句意可知, 此处用现在完成进行时,表达动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在,且有仍在继续进行的趋势。故 选C项。3、一 Mum, I really think Dad should have a break and get relaxed .Yes . He too long.A . readB . had readC . has been readingD . is reading考查时态。句意:附近森林里的动物一直在破坏我们的庄稼。确实是这样。在事态进一步恶化之前, 必须采取措施。根据Measures must be taken before things get worse,可知表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,可能仍然要继续下去,用现在完成进行时。应选B。19、一Now the weight. Only 115), You, d better put on a few pounds.一Well, actually, I like a horse.A . ateB . was eatingC . have been eatingD . will eat答案:C解析:考查动词的时态。句意:“现在(称)体重,只有115。你最好再增重几镑。” “噢,实际上,我一直都很大 食量。”根据句意可知,“eat like a horse”发生在过去,并有可能继续下去,应该用现在完成进行时。应选 Co20、一So much remains to be done!Well, if s not surprising. So many people all the time recently.A . comeB . have comeC . have been comingD . came答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:还有许多事情要做!好吧,这并不奇怪。最近来的人太多了。根据all the time recently可知句子用现在完成进行时态,故答案为Co21、To strengthen Japan's diplomatic influence and increase military presence across the world, Abe (安倍) a greater role for his country in international affairs since he took office.A . soughtB . had soughtC . isseekingD . has been seeking10解析: 考查时态。句意:为了加强日本的外交影响力,增强在全世界的军事存在,安倍自从上台就一直在为他的国家 在国际事务中寻找一个更大的角色。根据时间状语since he took office可知,用现在完成进行时态,表示安倍 上台以来一直在做。应选D。22、A recent study has found that the number of smokers sharply over the past five years.A . is increasingB . are increasingC . has been increasingD . have been increasing答案:C解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:最近的一项研究发现,在过去的五年里,吸烟者的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语 "over the past five years"可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态:have/has been doing,表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,将有可能继续下去,the number of +可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词需用单数,所 以此处助动词需用haso应选Co23、 In the past few years, sea ice in the Arctic as a result of global warming.A . had meltedB . has been meltingC . meltedD . is melting答案:B解析:考查时态。根据in the past few years可知是与完成时连用的,在根据句意是指海冰一直都在融化。所以使用现 在完成进行时。句意:在过去几年里,因为全球变暖,海冰一直在融化。24、Hey, you at the computer all day. You should really take a break now.A . have been sittingB . were sittingC . did sitD . are sitting11答案:A 解析:考查现在完成进行时态。句意:嘿,你整天都坐在电脑前。你现在真的应该休息一下。结合句意可知,表示从 过去开始一直进行的动作,用现在完成进行时态,应选A。25、 - Where is Jack? I cannot find him anywhere.-He went to the library after lunch and his essay there ever since.A . has been writtenB . had writtenC . had been writingD . has been writing答案:D解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:Jack在哪儿?我到处都找不到他?他午餐后就到图书馆去了,从那时起 他就一直在那里写论文。A. has been written现在完成时的被动语态;B. had written过去完成时;C. had been writing过去完成进行时;D. has been writing现在完成进行时。根据句中的时间状语“ever since”可知,从那 时起他就一直在那里做一件事,现在他人还没回来,即动作从过去开始持续到现在,并且在将来还会发生,应 该用现在完成进行时时态。应选Do26、-You this song all the afternoon. Take a break, honey.-Mom, you know I will take the singing contest tomorrow. I just want to practice more.A . have been practicingB . are practicingC . have practicedD . practiced答案:A解析:考查动词时态。上句:整个下午你都在唱这首歌。休息一下,亲爱的。下句:妈妈,你知道我明天将参加唱歌 比赛。我只是想多练习。根据句意可知用现在完成进行时态,应选A。1227、How annoying! It for ten days!A . was rainingB . rainedC . rainsD . has been raining答案:D解析:试题分析:句意:真烦人!雨都下了 10天了。for ten days是一个时间段,应该用现在进行时表动作一直在进 行。A. was raining过去进行时;B. rained 一般过去时;C. rains 一般现在时;D. has been raining现在进行时。 综合以上分析可知,选D。考点:考查动词时态的用法。28、Tom in the library every night over the last three months.A . worksB . workedC . has been workingD . had been working答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:在过去的三个月里,汤姆每晚都在图书馆工作。题干中出现的over the last three months, 用于现在完成进行时或现在完成时。应选C。29、 Hi, Tracy, you look pale.I am tired. I all day.A . paintedB . had paintedC . have been paintingD . have painted答案:C 解析:13 考查现在完成进行时。句意:嗨,特蕾西,你看起来脸色苍白。我累了。我画了一整天的画。根据all day “一整天”可知,此处表示从过去开始到现在一直持续的动作,所以句子用现在完成进行时。应选C。30、一Sorry, T m late.一That s OK, I long.A . haven5 t waitedB . don* t waitC haven' t been waitingD . didn' t wait答案:C解析:试题分析:句意:不好意思,我来晚了。没关系,我没有等很久。分析语境可知暗示时间为从第二个人到场一 直到第一个人到场,即一个时间段,所以用现在完成时。Wait为短暂性动词,不可延续,不能与时间段连用, 故用be waiting表示状态。应选Co考点:考查时态。31、一You know, Bob, the mid-term exam is approaching.一You are telling me! We, preparing for it.A . have been working hard ;B . will be working hardC . were working hardD . had worked hard答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:你知道吗,鲍勃,期中考试快到了。早就知道了!我们一直在努力工作,为此做准备。根据uthe mid-term exam is approaching/,可知,鲍勃他们从过去就开始准备期中考试,一直到现在,并且持 续到考试,所以用现在完成进行时态。应选A。1432、一 That' s the third time he' s won the award in this field.Yes. He his maximum potential in the past decade.A . has been exploringB . is exploringC . had exploredD . explored答案:A解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:这是他第三次在这个领域得奖了。是的,他在过去的十年里面一直发挥 着他的最大潜力。结合语境和时间状语in the past decade可知,此处应该用现在完成进行时,表示在过去的 10年里他一直发挥着他的最大潜力,并且还有可能继续下去。主语是He,所以助动词用has。应选A。33、My friends from the mainland to me that they find the city's subway cars are "too old" compared withwhat they pay for subways in Beijing.A complainedB . is complainingC . was complainingD . have been complaining答案:D解析:考查时态语态。句意:我来自大陆的朋友一直在向我抱怨,他们发现城市里的地铁和他们在北京支付的地铁相 比太老了。句中应该使用现在进行时与宾语从句中are保持一致,使用现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性和反 复性。故D项正确。小提示:此题考查了现在完成进行时的用法,具体用法归纳如下:(-)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。15The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)(二)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到,如同在 里说的,还会继续等)(三)有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。They have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了 10年了。(动作还将继续下去)I have been working here for five years.I have worked here for five years.我在这里已经工作五年了。(动作还将继续下去)(四)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)我一直在写一本书。I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。They have been building a bridge.他们一直在造一座桥。(动作还将继续下去)They have built a bridge他们造了一座桥。(动作已经完成)(五)表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。* I have been knowing.16这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢,hate讨厌,think想等等。(六)一些现在完成时的句子也与现在完成进行时的句子含义相同延续性动词在现在完成时与现在完成进行时时态中使用,句意相同。例如:She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.她已经睡了 6 个小时,到现在还没有醒来。(七)表示现在以前一直在进行的动作强调动作的未完成性It has been raining for 3 dayso已经下了 3天的雨了(现在还没停止)34、m exhausted. I on a design day and night.-You' d better have several days off after finishing it. Otherwise you might break down.A . workB . workedC . had workedD . have been working答案:D解析:试题分析:考查动词时态。句意:-我很累,我整天都在忙着这个计划。-结束后你最好休息几天,否那么你会 垮掉的。说明做这个工程是从过去到现在说话的时候一直进行的,有可能还要继续,用现在完成进行时,A是 一般过去式,表示纯粹的过去的动作,B是现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在的影响,C是一般现在时,表 示一贯的行为,所以选D。考点:考查动词时态。35、In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China from heavy fogs, causing greatinconvenience to people.A . sufferedB . have been suffering17C . were sufferedD . had been suffered答案:B解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去几周的时间里,中国北方的很多城市被严重的雾霾笼罩,给人们带来了很大的 不便。inthepast+一段时间,意为“在过去的多长时间里”,常与完成时态连用;结合语境可知,此处强调动 作从过去开始,延续到现在并有可能持续到将来,应用现在完成进行时,应选B。36、We on it for several hours but we haven1 t yet reached any conclusion.A . are workingB . workC . have been workedD . have been working答案:D解析:考查动词时态。句意:我们已经讨论了几个小时了,还没有达成任何结论。根据but后的现在完成时,可以判 断出现在还没有得出结论,有可能还要继续下去,故用现在完成时进行时。应选D项。37、一Adam, why are you looking so tired? What are you busy with?I for weeks for the coming Mid-Autumn Festival concert.A . will be preparingB . had preparedC . am going to prepareD . have been preparing答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:亚当,你为什么看上去如此疲劳?你在忙什么?几周来,我一直在为即将到来的中 秋节音乐会作准备。根据句意可知,"准备"这个动作从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下 去,应用现在完成进行时,应选D。1838、A new monetary policy will take effect next month.Really good news, especially for those companies that with money.A . have struggledB . struggledC . have been strugglingD . had struggled答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:-新的货币政策将于下月生效。-这真是个好消息,尤其是对那些一直在为钱 发愁的公司来说。分析句子成分可知,companies为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,分析句意可知,定语 从句的时态为现在完成进行时,表示从过去某一时间开始struggle的动作一直在进行,并有可能持续下去,强调 动作的全过程。故C选项正确。小提示:现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别.现在完成时:have +过去分词表示在某一特定时间之前曾经发生过的动作,或者到这一时间为止已经完成的动作.一 .现在完成进行时:have + been +现在分词表示从过去某一时间开始一直在进行的动作,并有可能持续下去,强调动作的全过程;表示从过去到现在的重复性动作。注意:多用于延续性动词,如work, live, study, skate, collect-现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别II1)在不用时间状语的情况下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时那么表示动作在过去已结束。 如:The students have been preparing for the exam.19答案:c 解析:试题分析:考查时态。句意:-妈妈,我认为爸爸确实应该休息一下放松放松。-是的。他长时间在看书。根 据句意可知,是现在的情况,排除B;现在完成进行时表示动作有可能继续下去。这里只是建议爸爸休息,是 否休息还不一定,用现在完成进行时最合适。应选C。考点:考查时态4、Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who in China in the last five years.A . worksB . is workingC . are workingD . have been working答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:Herpin先生是过去五年在中国工作的外国专家之一。根据in the last five years可知,句子用 现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态,应选Do5、Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates,to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.A . have desiredB . desiredC . had desiredD . hasbeen desiring答案:D解析:考查动词时态。句意:自上周以来,乔治就和他以前的同班同学一直希望在今年暑假举办一个毕业20年的同 学聚会。根据时间状语since last month,可知谓语动词应用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时,且这个想法是一 直存在的,还可能继续下去,故可用现在完成进行时,其结构为:助动词(have/has) +been+动词的现在分 词。(因主语为George,第三人称单数,主谓语法一致,故排除A项。)应选D项。(还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试。The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)学生们为考试作了准备。(2)在强调指出动作还未结束,还要继续下去。如:r ve been reading this book for two hours, butI haven* t finished it.这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。r ve read this book.我已读完这本书了。3)有些表示状态、感情、感觉的静态动词,如:have, like, hate, hear, know, sound等动词不能用于现在完成 进行时,但可用于现在完成时。如:They* ve known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。(4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。如:We5 ve been seeing each other quite a lot recently.最近我们经常见面。分析句子成分可知,companies为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,分析句意可知,定语从句的时态为现在 完成进行时,表示从过去某一时间开始struggle的动作一直在进行并有可能持续下去,强调动作的全过程。故 C选项正确。39、Why, you' re late again! I here for over two hours!A . am waitingB . Waited20C have been waitingD . was waiting答案:C解析:试题分析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:为什么,你又迟到了 !我在这里已经等了两个多小时了 !过去已经完 成等待的动作对现在造成的影响,并将可能持续进行。应选C项。考点:考查现在完成进行时【点评】现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止。现在完 成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。构成:have + been + doi n g o40、Our headteacher for months to make sure that we understand the importance ofconcentration.A . triedB . was tryingC . has been tryingD . is trying答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:我们的班主任几个月来一直在努力确保我们理解集中注意力的重要性。现在完成 进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作,这个动作可能仍在进行。分析本句可知,try这个 动作现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行,这个动作可能仍在进行。且由“for months”也说明本句应该用现在 完成进行时。故C选项正确。小提示:1),现在完成进行时的构成肯定句:主语+ have/has + been +现在分词否认句:主语+ have/has + not + been +现在分词21疑问句:Have/Has +主语+ been +现在分词?疑问代词/疑问副词+ have/has +主语+ been +现在分词?现在完成进行时的用法.表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作,这个动作可能仍在进行。How long has it been snowing?雪下多久了?(还在下雪).表示现在经常重复的动作Jack has been phoning Jane every night for the last week.上星期杰克天天晚上给简打 。1) .用于得出结论His eyes are red. He has been working too hard recently.他眼睛红了,准是最近工作太紧张了。分析本句可知,try这个动作现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行,这个动作可能仍在进行。且由“for months” 也说明本句应该用现在完成进行时。故C选项正确。41、 I' m tired out, I all afternoon and I don' t seem to have finished anything.A . shoppedB . have shoppedC . had shoppedD . have been shopping答案:D解析:考查时态。句意为:我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成似的。”由语境可判断是从 过去到现在一直在购物,可能还要继续下去,所以用现在完成进行时,应选D项。42、The number of visitors steadily since the reopening, despite a sharp decline compared to normal years.22A . has risenB . has been risingC . had been risingD . has been risen答案:B解析:考查时态辨析。句意:自重新开放以来,游客数量一直在稳步上升,尽管与正常年份相比大幅下降。A.has risen现在完成时。表示已经上升了 ; B.has been rising现在完成进行时,表示在上升中;C.had been rising过 去完成进行时;表示在上升中;D.has been risen现在完成时的被动语态,表示已经被上升了。根据句意,结 合句中since,此处指游客数量早稳步上升,可知这个动作尚未结束,表示延续的动作,因而此处的时态要用 现在完成进行时。主语the number of visitors,表示“游客的数量”,为单数含义,所以助动词用has。选项B 符合题意,应选B。43、The manager the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.A . has toldB . is tellingC . has been tellingD . will have told答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:从上午九点开始,经理在一直不停地告诫工人如何去完善这个工程。由时间状语since 9 a.m. 可知用现在完成时。根据句意,此处需要的是“一直不停地告诫”,强调持续性,故完成进行时更好,所以答 案选C。44、He is sure to pass the test, for he his lessons for the test every day over the past month.A . will reviewB . was reviewingC . has been reviewingD . had been reviewing答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:他一定可以通过测试,因为在过去的一个月里他每天都在为测试而复习功课。over the past month.(在过去的一个月里)是现在完成时的标志词,再结合句意,他复习的动作从过去持续到23现在,故用现在完成进行时,主语he是第三人称单数,故用has been reviewingo应选C项。45、To perform well at the art festival, students in my class the dance every day over the past threeweeks.A . were practisingB . would practiseC . have been practisingD . had practised答案:C解析:考查时态辨析。句意:为了在艺术节上表现好,我们班的学生在过去的三个星期里每天都在练习舞蹈。分析句 子结构可知缺少谓语,由时间状语“over the past three weeks(在过去的三个星期里)”可知时态应用现在完成 进行时,结构为have been doing sth,表示过去发生的动作,延续到现在,并且还要延续下去,应选C项。46、 China has been its efforts to build a close relationship with many African countries.A . turning upB . stepping upC . adding upD . making up答案:B解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:中国一直在努力加快步伐与许多非洲国家加强密切联系。turn up出现,声音调 大;step up提高,增加,步进;addup加起来;make up装配;,构成,组成。分析句子可知,与各国加强关 系从过去一直到现在,而且动作一直在进行,用现在完成进行时。应选B项。47、Look, what a mess in the kitchen !-I cooking fish in a new way and I really have no time to tidy it up now.A . triedB . had triedC will tryD . have been trying24答案:D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意:看,厨房在乱了。我一直在用一种新的方法来做鱼,现在没有时间收拾。根据I really have no time to tidy it up now,可知这个动作一直在进行,应选D项。48、 For some time now, Chinese people, under the leadership of CPC,the contents of the Scientific Development Theory in the course of practicing socialism in China.A . had been improvingB . have been improvingC . were improvingD . improved答案:B解析:考查动词时态。句意:一段时间以来,中国人民在中国共产党领导下,在实践社会主义的过程中不断完善科学 开展理论的内容。此处指中国人们一直在丰富这科学开展观的内容,故使用现在完成进行时,表示一个动作从 过去开始到现在,并将继续持续下去,其基本形式是have/has been doing。应选B。256、【2018江苏 97 校联考】一You look pretty tired today!I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A . wroteB . was writingC . had writtenD . have been writing答案:D解析:考查动词时态。句意:一你今天看起来很累!-在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环境报告,这个报告明天应要 提交给老板。表示从几天前开始一直进行持续到现在的动作,用现在完成进行时,应选D.【点评】现在完成进行时:基本结构:have/has+been+现在分词用法:1).现在完成进行时表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。I've been waiting for an hour but he still hasn't come.我已经等了一个小时, 但他还没有来。How long have you been doing this work?你做这工作多久了 ?2)、表示动作刚刚结束。(有时指出结果)They have been talking about the book.他们刚刚在讨论这本书。My clothes are wet. I've been walking in the rain.我的衣服湿了,我一直走在雨中。3)、表示某种感情色彩。Who's been telling you such nonsense?谁告诉你这个消息的?(气愤)4)、表示过去某种愿望未实现,某种企图、希望落空,含有遗憾、不耐烦等情绪。3She has been telling me.她一直想告诉我。They have been going to build a bridge over the lake for years.数年来,他们一直想在湖上建一座桥。(但未能 实现)5)、表示一个过去动作对现在的影响或造成的结果。(相当于现在完成时)Who's been insulting you?谁欺负你了 ?The room stinks. Someone's been smoking in here.屋里有烟味,有人抽烟了。6)、表示重复。(指断断续续,而非一直不停)I have been bidding goodbye to some friends today,我今天同好几个朋友告了另上Has he been