2022-2023学年四川省绵阳市涪城区南山中学高二(上)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
20222023学年四川省绵阳市涪城区南山中学高二(±)期中英 语试卷8: 30 PMOutlookOutlook is back with a new series of reports to keep you updated with all that's new in the world of entertainment. Stories go all the way from the technical to the romantic,from stage to screen. There will be reports of the stars of the moment, the stars of the future and the stars of the past. The director with his new film.the designer with the latest fashion and the musician with the popular song are part of the new Outlook. The program is introduced by Fran Levine.9 : (X) PMDiscoveryWhen a 10-year-old boy gets a first-class degree in mathenialics or an 8-year-old plays chess like a future grand master, they arc considered as geniuses. Where docs the quality of genius come from? Is it all in the genes(基因)or can any child be turned into a genius? And if parents do have a child whomight become a genius in the future, what should they do? Inthis 30-minute film, Barry Johnson, the professor a( School of Medicine, New York University will help you discover the answer.10: 00 PMScicncc/HcalthIs it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs? The answer is"yes" , according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. After a study of 800 persons with high blood prcssurc,thcy found that after 6 months,those devoted to weight loss - exercise and eating a low-saltjow-fat food - lost about 13 pounds and became fitter. Plus,35% of them dropped into the "normal" kind. This week,Dr. Alan Duckworth will tell you how these people reduce their blood pressure to a level similar to what's achieved with Hypertension drugs.1. From Outlook, you can get a great deal of information about.A. famous stars B. film companies C. storytellers D. music fans2. Who will be most probably interested in Discovery? A. Children who are good al mathematics.B. Children who arc interested in playing chess.C. Parents who want to send their children to a school of medicine.D. Parents who want their children (o become another Albert Einstein.答案和解析13.【答案】A、D、A【解析】(1) A.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的" There will be reports of the stars of Ihe moment, the stars of the future and the stars of the past."将会有关于当下之星、未来之星和过去之星的报道。可知,从Outlook中可以获得有关大量信息, 有现在之星未来之星和过去之星。A. famous stars著名的明星;B. film companies电影公司; C. storytellers 说书人:D. music fans 音乐迷。故选 A.(2) D.细节理解题。根据文中所列举一些少年天才的事例及第二段第二三四句"Where does ihe quality of genius come fromAnd if parents do have a child who might become a genius in (he future. What should they do? In this 30-minute film,Barry John。.will help you discover the answer."如果家长 有一个很有天赋的孩子,那么观看一个30分钟的短片,Barry John。会助你找到使孩子成才的答案。 因此,想让孩子成为乂一个爱因斯坦的家长对探索感兴趣。故选D.(3) A.推理判断题。根据"Science/Health"部分中的第三句,"those devoted to weight-loss exercise and eating a low-salt, low-fat food-lost about 13 pounds and became fitter.0 那些进行减重锻炼,吃低 脂肪低盐的人减掉13磅而且更加健康。可知运动加上健康的饮食效果与高血压药物有一样的效果。 故选A.本文是篇应用文。介绍电视节目目的在于吸弓引更多的观众来收看电视节目。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】C、A、A、B【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段That's how a puppy named Maggie that was rescued by the North Shore Animal League America (NS ALA), ended up being fostered by a sweet six-year-old boy.(这就是被美国北岸动物联盟(NSALA) 拯救的一只名叫Maggie的小狗,最后被一个可爱的6岁男孩代养的原因。)可知,Maggie最初 是被一个救援队拯救的。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据第四段 When it came time for Maggie to be adopted, Roman couldn't hold his tears.He decided to write letters to the puppy's future family.(至了 收养 Maggie的时候,Roman忍不住流下了眼泪,他决定给小狗未来的家人写信。)可知,Roman给 Maggie未来的家人写信是因为想要表达对小狗的热爱和不舍。A.To express his mixed feelings.(为 了表达他更杂的情感。)故选A。(3)段落大意题。根据最后一段Fostering helps reduce the animal's stress and makes it (rust people again.lt is also an opportunity for peo pie who love pets but can't have them full-time due to some restrictions.Pet fosters can get to enjoy helpi ng a pct in need.(寄养可以帮助动物减少紧张,让它们再次相信人类。对于那些喜欢宠物但由于 些限制不能全职养宠物的人来说,这也是一个机会。宠物寄养人可以享受帮助有需要的宠物的乐 趣。)可知,最后一段主要讨论了宠物寄养的好处。A.The benefits of pet fostering.(宠物饲养的好 处。)符合文意,故选A。(4)标题归纳题。根据第一段That's how a puppy named Maggie that was rescued by the North Shore Animal League America (NS ALA), ended up being fostered by a sweet six-year-old boy.(这就是被美国北岸动物联盟(NSALA) 拯救的一只名叫Maggie的小狗,最后被一个可爱的6岁男孩代养的原因。)及第四段 When it came lime for Maggie to be adopted,Roman couldn't hold his tears.He decided to write letters to the puppy's future family.(到 了收养Maggie的时候,Roman忍不住流下了眼泪,他决定给小狗未来的家人写信。)可知,全文叙述6 岁男孩代养一只宠物狗一段时间,到其被收养时,给收养家庭写信表达自己的爱与不舍。由此可 知,B.A Boy Writes Sweet Letter to Puppy's Forever Family.(一个男孩给小狗永远的家庭写一封甜 蜜的信。)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。本文是一篇日常生活类阅读,主要讲述了6岁男孩代养了一只宠物狗,到其被收养时,给收养家 庭写信表达自己的爱与不舍的故事。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。81 1.【答案】C、C、A、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段中的Marathon runner Gerima Mustafa of Uganda walked some 664 kilometers across East Africa earlier this year to call attention to threats (o the shea (乳木果)nut tree, a source of food,medical products and income for the many living from West Africa to Somalia.(今年早些时候,来自 乌干达的马拉松选手Gerima Mustafa在东非徒步约664公里,以提醒人们注意对乳木果树的威胁。 乳木果是从西非到索马里的许多人的食物、医疗产品和收入来源。)可知,第一段提及Gerima Mustafa是为了介绍乳木果树的重要性。故选Co(2)推理判断题。根据第二段中的Now research scientists studying the shea tree in Burkina Faso have found that it is the natural ecosyste m that is getting degraded in this region that might do harm to the shea, which is often targeted by charcoal (木炭)traders who kill and sell the trees for far less than the long-term worth of their benefits.(现在, 研 究布基纳法索牛油果树的科学家们发现,这一地区正在退化的自然生态系统可能会对牛油果树造 成伤害。木炭商人经常把牛油果树作为目标,他们杀死牛油果树并以远低于其长期效益的价格出 售)可知,人类活动的干扰是对布基纳法索乳木果树的巨大威胁:故选C。(3)词句猜测题。根据划线词后文when other trees and shrub (灌木)species around it create a habitat to support the pollinators, especially bees.(当周围的其他树木 和灌木物种创造栖息地支持授粉者,特别是蜜蜂时)可知,这种情况下,授粉者会茁壮成长。由 此可知,划线词thrive与increase (增长)意思接近。A.Increase增加;B.Spread传播;C.Escape 逃跑;D.Change改变。故选A。(4)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The authors recommend maintaining a range of native woody species throughout their lifespans, and planting new ones into farmland when cleared.The idea is lo be intentional and active about protecti ng the trees.(作者建议在其生命周期内保持一系列本十.木本物种,并在农田被清理后种植新的木 本物种。这个想法是有意和积极地保护树木)可知,科学家们建议当地人保持生态系统内的生物 多样性,来保护乳木果树。故选B。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学家们研究乳木果树所面临的威胁及其保护措施。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】A、D、D、C【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段a desire to curl up on the sofa after a day spent toiling at (he computer could be a physical response to m entally demanding work,according to a study that links mental exhaustion to changes in brain physiology (hat cause feelings of tir edness.(一项研究表明,在电脑前辛苦工作了一天之后,想要蜷缩在沙发上的欲望可能是对脑力 劳动的一种生理反应。该研究将精神疲惫与导致疲劳感的大脑生理变化联系起来)及第二段 To learn the cause of mental exhaustion.the research team enrolled 40 participants and assigned 24 of them to perform a challenging task.(为 了 了解精神疲惫的原因,研究团队招募了 40名参与者,并让其中24人执行一项具有挑战性的任务) 即第四段的The result suggested people who spend more than six hours working on a task that requires a lot of thoug ht are more likely to feel tired.(研究结果表明,在一项需要大量思考的任务上花费6个小时以上的 人更容易感到疲劳)可知,Wiehlcr和他的同事试图研究为什么努力思考会让我们感到疲惫。故选Ao(2)细节理解题。根据第四段The result suggested people who spend more than six hours working on a task that requires a lot of thoug ht are more likely to feel tired.(研究结果表明,在一项需要大量思考的任务上花费6个小时以上的 人更容易感到疲劳)可知,更容易导致精神疲惫的是在电脑上下棋7个小时。故选D。(3)推理判断题。根据最后一段 And now that a system has been established to measure metabolic (新 陈代谢的)changes in response to mental fatigue»the team hope to learn more about how to recover from mental exhaustion.(现在己经建立了一个测量 精神疲劳时代谢变化的系统,该团队希望了解更多关于如何从精神疲劳中恢复的信息可知, Wiehler对这个系统持支持的态度,即supportive,故选(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段的And now that a system has been established to measure metabolic (新陈代谢 的)changes in response to mental fatigue,the team hope to learn more about how to recover from menial exhaustion.While the researchers haven't worked out a new solution (现在己经建立了一个测量精神疲劳时代谢变化的系统,该团队希望了解 更多关于如何从精神疲劳中恢复的信息。虽然研究人员还没有找到新的解决方案)可知,对于精 神疲惫,进一步的研究是必要的。故选C。本文是一篇说明文,介绍一项对精神疲劳的研究,精神疲劳的原因及解决办法。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。162().【答案】C、E、G、B、F解析(1) C.推理判断题 o 根据前文 Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at? Say,have you accidentally knocked over the water when you were talking with someone? (你是否 曾在公共场合尴尬而被嘲笑?你有没有在和别人说话的时候不小心打翻了水?)可知,我们经常 会在公众场合使自己尴尬,被嘲笑。以及下文And it's okay you should even have a laugh about them.(这没什么一一你甚至应该对他们一笑置之)可知,作者认为这很正常。由此可知,选项C'Chances are that we all have this kind of experience.(很可能我们都有这样的经历)符合上下文语境。故选CoE.标题归纳题。空处为小标题,为本段主要内容。根据下文Mosl of us have insecurities,or feel bad about ourselves because of past misfortune.However,it's normal to be imperfect. You should stop worrying about having to convince others of your worth or maintaining an ideal image of yourself. You should be honest with yourself about who you are and accept yourself despite your weaknesses.(我。1 大 多数人都有不安全感,或者因为过去的不幸而对自己感觉不好。然而,不完美是正常的。你不应 该再为说服别人相信你的价值或维持自己的理想形象而烦恼。你应该诚实地面对自己。尽管你有 弱点,你还是要接受自己)可知,本段主要讲的是接受不完美的自己。由此可知,选项E”Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are.(嘲笑自己意味着接受真实的自己)"适合作本段标题, 符合本段主旨。故选E。(2) G.推理判断题。根据下文 And optimistic people tend to be more successful.This is because making fun of ourselves contributes to our mental health and helps lift our mood in the face of difficulties or embarrassment.(乐观的人往往更成功。这是因为自嘲有助于我们的心理健康,并帮助我们在面对 困难或尴尬时提升情绪)可知,此处解释了为什么乐观的人更容易成功,说明空处和乐观有关系。 由此可知,选项 G"Usually,people who are able to laugh at themselves are the optimistic ones.(通常, 能够自嘲的人都是乐观的人)”与下文一致。故选G。(3) B.推理判断题。根据上文 While laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn't intend to,laughing at yourself docs not you might even bring a smile to their faces.(嘲笑另U 人可能会 伤害他们的感情,即使你不是故意的,但嘲笑自己不会一一你甚至可能会让他们微笑)及下文 People actually appreciate it when you laugh at yourself.(当你自嘲时,人们实际上很欣赏)可知, 自嘲有很多好处。由此可知,选项B"Don't worry about losing respect from others.(不要担心失去别 人的尊重)”符合上下文语境。故选F.推理判断题。根据上文 Just remember: it is human to make mistakes,and you have to accept yourself just as you arc.(只要记住:犯错是人之常情,你必须接受本来的自己)可知,文章最后 点明主题:自嘲会让你变得更有魅力,更加健康。由此可知,选项FLearn to laugh at yourself and you will be so much happier (学会自嘲,你会更快乐)"符合语境。故选F。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在公众场合碰到尴尬和被嘲笑时,我们应当学会自嘲。这样, 我们会更有吸引力。因为自嘲可以让我们在生活中更成功,也有利于精神健康。七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注 意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境 的句子。21 4().【答案】A、C、D、B、B、D、C、C、A、A、B、A、C、D、D、C、A、B、D、B 【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.longed渴望;B.allowed允许;C.seni发送;D.paid支付。句意:几年前,我非常渴望得到一个职位,我为它努力工作,但是没能得到它。根据下一句“and I worked hard for it”可知,作者为这个职位努力工作,说明非常渴望得到它。故选A。(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.wanied想要;B.meanl打算;C.ailed未能做到;D.managed设法做 到。句意:几年前,我非常渴望得到一个职位,我为它努力工作,但是没能得到它。根据本句“but” 可知,作者虽然很努力,但是没能如愿,所以应该是未能得到这个职位。故选C。(3)考查形容词及语境理解。A.average平均的;B.iradilional传统的;C.special特殊的;D.previous 以前的。句意:我清楚地记得我以前的一位老板告诉我:“你缺乏领导才能,这就是为什么我们选 择了别人。”根据老板的话可知,这位老板聘用了别人,所以现在已经不是作者的老板了,而是以 前的老板。故选D,(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.deserve值得;B.lack缺乏;C.drop掉落;Down拥有。句意:你缺 乏领导才能,这就是为什么我们选择了别人。根据第3题可知,这是作者以前的老板,即老板最 终选择了别人,说明作者有所欠缺,所以应该是缺乏领导才能。故选B。(5)考查动词及语境理解。A.attached附加;B.chose选择;C.assisted协助;D.deserled抛弃。句 意:你缺乏领导才能,这就是为什么我们选择了别人。结合第3、4题可知,以前的老板因为作者 缺乏领导才能,所以最终没有选择他,而是选择了其他人。故选B。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.explanalion 解释;B.suggestion i£tZ; C.ambition 雄心;D.recognition 认可。句意:一年后,一个叫Toastmasters的机构对我的志愿工作给予了很好的认可。根据下一 句的“The recognition”可知,这里应该是指作者的志愿者工作得到了较好的认可。故选D。(7)考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的;B.equal平等的;C.outstanding优秀的;D.single 单一的。句意:这个认可是因为我优秀的领导才能,我在机构担任区域经理时就证明了这一点。 句中提到了“recognition”,结合第6题可知,作者的志愿者工作得到了认可,说明他工作出色,有 较好的能力;结合本句,应该是有优秀的领导才能。故选C。(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.worker人;B.clerk职员;C.manager经理;D.employee员工。句 意:这个认可是因为我出色的领导才能,我在机构担任区域经理时就证明了这一点,而且我得到 了机构负责人的认可。根据句中提到的"leadershipskills”可知,作者在机构是一名领导,所以应该 是区域经理较为合理。故选C。(9)考查名词及语境理解。A.president负责人;B.crew全体船员;C.staff全体员工;D.members 成员。句意:这个认可是因为我出色的领导才能,我在机构担任区域经理时就证明了这一点,而 且我得到了机构负货人的认可。根据上一句"The recognition was for my outstanding leadership skills which I leslified in the organization as an area manager"可知,作者在作区域经理时就体现出了优秀的 领导才能,并得到了认可;结合常识可知,对于员工领导才能的认可应该来自他的上司,所以这 里指机构的负责人。故选A。(10)考查名词及语境理解。A.words话语;B.criticism批评;C.praise称赞;D.phrase短语。句意: 我首先想到的是之前的老板说的话。根据第一段"my previous bosses told me"可知,作者想到了以 前的老板告诉他的话。故选A。(II)考查形容词及语境理解。A.horrible可怕的;B.unbelievable难以置信的;C.absurd荒谬的; D.fresh新鲜的。句意:他在无意中对我产牛.了难以置信的积极影响。根据第一段老板告诉他的话 "You lack leadership skills"到第二段"The recognition was for my outstanding leadership skills "可知, 老板的话使他的领导才能得到了提高,对他产生了积极的影响;结合句中的“unintentionally”可知, 这个影响是无意识的,没有预料到的,因此是难以置信的。故选B。(12)考查形容词及语境理解。A.useless没用的;B.responsible负责任的;C.helpful有帮助的: .important重要的。句意:从那时起,我就一直告诉自己,当别人说我缺少这个或那个,说这是 没用的,或是说我做不到的时候,我会一笑而过,因为我坚信这是可能的。根据本句“。r"可知,“say” 后为三个以"ihal"引导的并列宾语从句,表示选择关系;所以根据句中"lack this or(hat"fn"I can not do it”可知,空处应该指人们认为作者做什么都是没用的,故”useless”符合句意。故选A。(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.consult咨询;B.bargain讨价还价;C.smile微笑;D.shout喊叫。 句意:从那时起,我就一直告诉自己,当别人说我缺少这个或那个,说这是没用的,或是说我做 不到的时候,我会一笑而过,因为我坚信这是可能的。根据前文"He made an unbelievable positive influcnccon me"及多次提到的"recognition"可知,作者以前老板的话对他产生了积极的影响,他因 此努力提升自己,获得了认可;所以再遇到别人不信任自己的时候,他不会争辩或大喊大叫,而 是一笑而过,相信自己可以做到,故"smile”符合语境。故选C。(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.involved 涉及:B.described 描述;C.concerned 关心;D.convinced 使相信。句意:从那时起,我就一直告诉自己,当别人说我缺少这个或那个,说这是没用的,或 是说我做不到的时候,我会一笑而过,因为我坚信这是可能的。根据第13题可知,作者再次遇到 别人的不信任时,会一笑而过,说明作者对自己是充满自信的,以往的经历让他相信自己可以做 到别人认为不可能的事情。故选D。(15)考查形容词及语境理解。A.convenient便利的;B.liring令人疲倦的;C.hopeless没有希望的; D.possible可能的。句意:从那时起,我就一直告诉自己,当别人说我缺少这个或那个,说这是没 用的,或是说我做不到的时候,我会一笑而过,因为我坚信这是可能的。根据前文" that lean not do il”可知,人们会说作者不可能做到,但是作者却一笑而过,因为作者相信自己是有可能做到的。 故选D。(16)考查动词及语境理解。A.organizing 组织;B.wasting 浪费;C.collecting 收集;D.publishing 出版。句意:从那以后,我一直在收集那些告诉人们某事是不可能的消极的话语或表达,因为我 知道,当我实现这些目标时,要比人人都说”去做吧!这很容易。根据下文” il is a much bigger (18)than in the case where everyone would say, "Go for it!It is (19) .Everybody can be a CEO!”可知,作者认为做到了别人认为你不可能做到的事要比别人觉得人人都能做到的事更加让 人开心,所以他会有意识地收集一些消极的话语,再去挑战这些人们认为的不可能,从而获得成 功,获得快乐,所以“collecting”符合语境。故选C。(17)考查动词及语境理解。A.reach达到;B.acquirc获得;C.concludc推断出;D.finish结束。句 意:从那以后,我一直在收集那些告诉人们某事是不可能的消极的话语或表达,因为我知道,当 我实现这些目标时,要比人人都说”去做吧!这很容易。人人都能当CEO! ”快乐得多。根据下文 "Now, I am a CEO and founder."并结合本句句意,这里应该指作者达到了自己的目标。故选A。(18)考查名词及语境理解。A.load负担;B.joy快乐;C.puzzle困惑;D.lie谎言。句意:从那以 后,我一直在收集那些告诉人们某事是不可能的消极的话语或表达,因为我知道,当我实现这些 目标时,要比人人都说”去做吧!这很容易。人人都能当CEO! ”快乐得多。根据最后一句"There is no bigger joy than that.”可知,作者认为实现人们认为不可能的目标要比做到人人都觉得简单的事 快乐得多,“joy”为原词重现。故选B。(19)考查形容词及语境理解。A.normal正常的;B.useful有用的;C.regular规律的;D.easy容易 的。句意:去做吧!这很容易。根据下一句"Everybody can be a CEO!"可知,这是很容易的事情。 故选D。(20)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.seeoff送行;B.believe in相信;C.turn to求助于;D.comeacross 偶然遇到。句意:我想请你证明那些不相信你的人是错的。根据上一段"people say that I lack this or that, that it is useless, or that I can not do it,"和最后一段"telling that something is not possible" nf 知, 人们对作者是不信任的,所以这里是那些不信任你的人。故选B。这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的工作经历,表达了自己最快乐的一件事就是成功地做到别 人认为不可能的事情,也以此告诉读者要相信自己。做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一 至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。选 择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后,再通读一遍文 章,检查是否通顺流畅了,用词得当,意思正确。41 .【答案】【小题1】on【小题2】the【小题 3 】have presented【小题4】limited【小题5 who【小题6】Widely【小题7】made【小