2022-2023学年广东省广州中学高一（上）月考英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

20222023学年广东省广州中学高一（上）月考英语试卷What's delicious, healthy to cat and comes in various colors? Eggplant! And no, it has nothing to do with chickens!This strangely named vegetable is, however, as as an egg.h can be steamed fried or baked.1( can be eaten by itself or combined with meats and other vegetables.Eggplant was first grown in India during the5th century B.C.Its popularity soon spread to China and then throughout Asia.Finally, during the Middle Ages the vegetable made its way to Europe.At that time, eggplant was not the shiny purple vegetable most people know today.Instead. it was like a white egg.Due to this egg-like appearance, eggplant got its name.In its early days, the vegetable was so bitter that people often called it a "mad apple".This nickname started because people believed its bitterness was bad for one's health.People actually thought eggplant could cause insanity (精神错乱)and cancer.Fortunately, today people know that eggplant doesn't cause insanity or cancer.ln fact, eggplant is so healthy that it may prevent cancer.ln addition, the brain and the heart benefit from this supper vcgctablc.Sincc it is high in fiber, eggplant can also improve digestion.Italy, Turkey, Egypt, China and Japan are the leading growers of eggplant in the world (oday.Depending on its location, eggplant may be purple, green, orange or yellow-white. A nd it can be as small as a tomato or as large as a cucumbcr.Dish diversities range from simple to complex, with all of them being delicious. Today, thousands of people are gathering in Loomis, Calif» for the23,d annual Loomis Eggplant Festival.The main activity at the festival is eating delicious eggplant dishes.There is plenty more to do and see, though.Recipe contests, arts and crafts, performers» races and children's activities all "eggcite" festival-goers.Most people at the festival would agreeieggplant is an "egg-cellent" vegetable!1. What does the underlined word "versatile"in Paragraph 1 probably mean ? A. simple in shape.B. flexible in price.C. diverse in size.D. various in cooking.2. Which of the following statements about eggplants is TRUW? A. Eggplant was once misunderstood by (he people for its bitterness.B. Eggplant was introduced into Europe during the5,h century B.C. C.Eggplant got its name for its nutrition which is as rich as an egg.D. Eggplant looks like what it used to be in color and shape.3. Eggplant is so healthy that i( can.A. cure the cancer with certaintyB. do good to digestionC. replace other vegetablesD. help reduce insanity研究表明，英国儿童对自己的生活最不满意，而世界卫生组织（WHO）预测，到2020年，儿童 精神疾病将上升50%。）可知，英国孩子的状3兄很糟糕，表现并不良好。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据第四段Lord Layard,（he director of （he wellbeing program a（ （he LSE's Center for Economic Performance»said： "Learning hard things takes a large amount of practice.To play the violin well takes 10,000 hours of practice.How can we expect people to learn to be happy without large amounts of practice a nd repetition?”（伦敦政治经济学院（LSE）经济绩效中心（Center for Economic Performance）福 利项目主任莱亚德勋爵（LordLayard）表示：”学习困难的东西需要大量的练习。学好小提琴需要 10000小时的练习。我们怎么能期望人们在没有大量练习和重发的情况卜.学会快乐呢？ ”）可知， 作者将学习小提琴和学习快乐地生活进行类比，以说明学习快乐地生活也需要练习。A.Analysis. 分析;B.Description.描写;C.Argument.论述;D.Comparison.类比。故选 D。（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段In pushing emotional literacy （素养），what some teachers are really doing is abandoning teaching.They are giving up and talking about emotio ns instead, so that children value all this activity more than maths, English or science.（在推动情感素 养的过程中，一些老师真正在做的是放弃教学。他们放弃了，转而谈论情感，因此孩子们更看重 这些活动，而不是数学、英语或科学。）可知，Frank Furedi认为一些老师会过度关注学生情绪而 忽视了教学，而这些幸福课程是非专业导向的，由此推断，他认为正规教学不应该给幸福课程让 路。故选D。本文是一篇说明文。一位高级政府顾问表示，所有学生在18岁之前都应该上“快乐”课，以对抗日 益严重的抑郁症。本文就英国目前学生患有抑郁症的现状做了分析和说明。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。1115.【答案】C、E、F、G、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句They all know the importance of educating themselves every single day in order to achieve belter results in their professional and personal lives.Reading will make you more likely to succeed （他们都知道, 为 了在职业和个人生活中取得更好的成绩，每天都要教育自己的重要性），可知表示”许多成功人士 每天都读书"的选项C符合前后的语境，They代指Many successful people,故选Co（2）推理判断题。根据后句Successful people know the importance of a well-planned day.So before you go to bed,write down your three most important goals for tomorrow （成功的人知道精心计划的一天的重要性。 所以在你睡觉之前，写下你明天最重要的三个目标），可知表示”那么为什么不把它们都写在日记 里呢”的选项E符合前后的语境，write down是关键词，故选E。（3）推理判断题。根据前句Wc ail need to enjoy ourselves and spend quality time with the people we love （我们都需要享受生活， 与我们所爱的人共度美好时光），可知表示“成功人士知道如何为家人腾出时间”的选项F符合前 后的陪境，the people we love是关键词，故选F。（4）推理判断题。根据后句 I am sure you have heard this many times,but exercise can really benefit your body, mind,and build your self-confidence to help you keep a healthy lifestyle （我相信你已经听过很多次 了,但 锻炼真的可以有益于你的身体、思想和建立你的自信，帮助你保持健康的生活方式），可知表示" 劳累了一天之后，出门锻炼身体很重要”的选项G符合前后的语境，exercise是关键词，故选G。（5）主题判断题。根据后句 If you like getting things done in the evening,this could be the best time of your day to work on some art.By creating something artistic,you might even discover some hidden talents （如果你喜欢在晚上完成事情，这可能是你一天中从事 艺术工作的最佳时间。通过创作艺术作品，你甚至可以发现一些隐藏的天赋），可知表示“晚上创 作你的艺术"的选项A符合前后的语境，something artistic是关键词，故选A。本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了成功的人的几个好习惯。这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文 语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。1635.【答案】B、D、A、C、D、D、C、A-» B、C、D、C、B、A、C、B、A、A、D、B 【解析】（1） B.考查名词及语境理解。A. cry哭喊：B. knock撞；C.greeting打招呼;D. singing 唱歌。根据后文"He aimed around only to find a goose pecking （啄）at the car door."可知，一只鹅 啄车门，像是敲门的声音。故选B.（2）D.考查形容词及语境理解。境horrible可怕的;B. stupid愚蠢的;C. possible可能的；D. unusual 不同寻常的。根据后文"the birds typically preferred to observe_ （3） _from a distance."可知，鸟类 靠近人类是不寻常的。故选D.（3） A.考查名词及语境理解。A. humans人类;B. foods食物;C. enemies敌人;D. babies婴儿。 根据后文"from a distance”和常识可知，鸟类通常是从远处观察人类。故选A.（4）C.考查名词及语境理解。A. attraction 吸引；B. welcome 欢迎；C. attention 注意力；D. permission 允许。kept pecking until Givens opened the car door and （5） ."可知，这只鹅是 要引起吉文斯的注意。故选C.(5) D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A. ran away逃跑；B. gave in屈服；C. glanced up抬头一看； D. stepped out 走出去。根据前文"and kept pecking until Givens opened the car door”可知，吉文斯开 车门走出来。故选D.(6) D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A. slide in推进；B. push ahead奋力向前;C. fly up飞起;D. walk away 走开。根据后文"it kept turning around to make sure he was (7) ."可知，这只鹅走开并不停地回头看。故选D.(7) C.考查动词及语境理解。A. backing后退;B. copying 复制；C. following 跟随；D. watching 观看。根据前文"it kept turning around”可知，这只鹅回头看的目的是为了确认吉文斯是否跟着它。 故选C.(8) A.考查动词及语境理解。A. realized 意识到；B. recognized 认出；C. admitted 承认；D. wondered 想知道。根据后文"She wanted him to(9)her gosling (幼鹅)that had been trapped in some balloon string.”可知，吉文斯意识到鹅妈妈为什么要带他来这里。故选A.(9) B.考查动词及语境理解。A. care关心；B. save拯救：C. treat对待；D. company陪伴。根 据后文"her gosling (幼鹅)thal had been trapped in some balloon string."可知,鹅妈妈想让吉文斯 帮助拯救它的幼鹅。故选B.(10) C.考查形容词及语境理解，A.Pleased满意的；B.Puzzled困惑的;C. Worried担心的；D. Inlerested 有兴趣的。he got close to the baby, Givens called (he local SPCA (保护动物协会) 可知，吉文斯担心母鹅会攻击他。故选CD.考查动词及语境理解。A. tend易于；B. attract吸引；C. thank感谢；D. attack攻击。根 据后文"if he got close to the baby, Givens called the local SPCA (保护动物协会)."可知，吉文斯担 心靠近幼鹅时，母鹅会攻击他。故选D.(11) C.考查副词及语境理解。A.Hurriedly 匆忙地;B. Surprisingly 意外地;C. Unfortunately 不 幸地；D. Hopefully 怀有希望地。根据后文"ihey were unable to send anyone to help right away." W» 动物保护协会无法派人帮忙，所以是不幸的。故选C.(12) B.考查动词及语境理解° A. praised赞扬;B. joined加入;C. approved证明;D. contacted 联系。根据"Therefore he had to call his fellow police officer Cecilia Charron, who was nearby"可知， 吉文斯打电话让附近的同事来加入帮忙拯救幼鹅。故选B.(13) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.delay延迟：B.scene情景；C.rescue拯救；D.injure伤害。根 据后文"Cecilia decided to take on the task herself."可知，塞西莉亚担心幼鹅因为延迟拯救而夭折。 故选A.(14) C.考查副词及语境理解。A. much许多;B. enough足够;C. nothing 一点也不;D. something 有点。根据后文"The mother goose appeared to understand that Charron was trying to help and watched_from a safe distance as the officer untied the trapped bird."可知，母鹅保持安全距离，所以没 有什么可担心的。故选C.(15) B.考查副词及语境理解。A. anxiously焦急地;B. patiently耐心地;C. willingly心甘情愿 地；D. happily 快乐地。根据后文"from a safe distance as the officer untied the trapped bird.”可知，母 鹅耐心地等待查伦拯救幼鹅。故选B.(17)A.考查动词及语境理解。A. freed使自由,解救；B. relaxed放松；C. dismissed开除；D. relieved 欣慰。根据后文"it ran as quickly as possible to its_(18), and they took off shortly after."可知，在查伦的帮助下，小鹅被解救了。故选A.(18) A.考查名词及语境理解。A. mom妈妈；B. case情况；C. fellow家伙；D. owner主人。根 据后文"and they took off shortly after."可知，被解救的小鹅跑向鹅妈妈那里。故选A.(19) D.考查动词及语境理解。A. seem看起来;B.grow长大;C. like喜欢；D. prove证明。prove 【o be证明是。根据后文"the most memorable incident of her (20) _!”可知，查伦认为这可能会 被证明是她职业生涯中最难忘的事件。故选D.(20) B.考查名词及语境理解。A. past过去;B. career职业;C. experience经历;D. behavior行 为。根据前文"Charron, a 24-year soldier of the police force,"可知，这里指查伦在警察职业生涯中最 难忘的事情。故选B.本文是一篇记叙文。一个警察在执勤的过程中收到了一个特殊的来自一只聪明的鹅妈妈的求救请 求。这只妈妈带领警察解救了自己的孩子。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意.一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一 至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选 择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文 章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。36 .【答案】【小题I wisdom【小题 2 excellent【小题3 married【小题4】to promote【小题 5 spending【小题6】until【小题7 which【小题8 himself【小题9】essays【小题10 in【解析】(I)考查不可数名词。句意：钱钟书是一位中国学者和作家，以其智慧和博学而闻名。 结合句意和his可知，此处用名词形式，表示“智慧”，为不可数名词，故填wisdom。(2)考杳形容词。句意：尽管数学不及格，但由于他在汉语和英语方面的出色表现，钱于1929 年成功进入清华大学外语系。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词performance,故填excellent。(3)考查动词时态。句意：在清华，他结识了即将成为一名成功剧作家和翻译家的妻子杨绛，并 于1935年与她结婚。时间状语为in 1935,句子用般过去时，故填married。(4)考查动词不定式。句意：同年，钱获得了政府资助，以促进他的海外学习。此处用动词不定 式表目的，故填to promote。(5)考查动名词。句意：在埃克塞特学院度过两年后，他获得了文学学士学位。此处用动名词作 介词after的宾语，故填spending。(6)考查固定句式。句意：他在法国巴黎大学又学习了一年，直到1938年才回到中国。not.until 表示"直到才"符合句意，故填until。(7)考查定语从句。句意：1941年至1945年，钱住在上海，当时上海处于日本占领之下。此处 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Shanghai,在从句中作主语，故填which。(8)考查反身代词。句意：当时他致力于写作，他的许多作品都是在那时创作或出版的。devote oneself to表示"致力于"符合句意，故填himself。(9)考查可数名词的复数。句意：1941年出版了一本短文集写在人生边上。结合句意可知， 此处表示不止一篇文章，故用名词的复数形式，故填essays。(10)考查介词。句意：1948年，以文言文写成的诗学出版。表示“用某种语言”，用介词in, 故填in。本文为记叙文，主要介绍了钱钟书的一生。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型， 语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。37 .【答案】Despile【解析】根据括号内词义，“尽管"可译为despite,介词短语作状语。故填：Despite。尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。38 .【答案】factor【解析】根据括号内词义，“因素”可译为factor,不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式。故填：factor。缺乏锻炼也是患心脏病的一个风险因素，但与其他因素相比，这一风险相对较小。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。39 .【答案】global【解析】根据括号内词义，"全球的"可译为global,形容词global作定语修饰名词ban。故填：global o该委员会呼吁全球禁止捕鲸。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。40 .【答案】struggled【解析】根据括号内词义，”为而奇斗"可译为struggle,根据句中has要用现在完成时，其过 去分词是struggled»故填：struggled o这个小男孩十年来一直在努力维持他那一贫如洗的家庭。考杳翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。41 .【答案】established【解析】根据括号内词义，"创立"可译为establish,与the Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zone之间是动宾 关系，根据句中was要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填:establishedp2018年，海南自贸试验区成立，吸引了众多中国游客。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。42 .【答案】investigating【解析】根据括号内词义，"调查"可译为investigate,根据句中were要用过去进行时。故填：investigating o警方正在调查最近发生的谋杀案之间可能存在的联系。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。43 .【答案】historic【解析】根据括号内词义，”有历史意义的”可译为historic,形容词historic作定语修饰名词occasion。故填：historic。今天对患有一种罕见血液病的人来说是一个历史性的时刻。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。44 .【答案】process【解析】根据括号内词义，"过程"可译为process, in the process"在过程中"，是固定搭配。故填：processo我在搬家具的时候扭伤了脚踝。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。45 .【答案】specific【解析】根据括号内词义，”特定的”可译为specific,形容词specific作定语修饰名词词组agegroup。故填：specifico针对特定年龄段的儿童电视节目将更受欢迎。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。46 .【答案】identified【解析】根据句意及汉语提示“确认"可知，此处应用动词identify,结合前文have可知，此处应用 过去分词与前文have构成完成时。故填：identified。科学家们声称已经发现某些植物产生的化学物质有强大的抗癌功能。做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对 单词或短语做出形式上的变化。47 .【答案】Whenever we have trouble with our studies【解析】根据下文中help要用一般现在时，whenever"无论何时"，引导时间状语从句；have trouble with在某方面有麻烦/困难。故填： Whenever we have trouble with our studieso不管我们什么时候在学生上遇到困难，我们的老师总是耐心地帮助我们。考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句 子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。48 .【答案】Not only are these items in greater demand in winter【解析】1.根据下文中are要用一般现在时;2.not only .but also意为"不但而旦"，not only置于句首时，句了”要用倒装结构，本句将连系动词are置于主语these items前构成部分倒装；3.in great demand需要量很大。故填： Not only are these items in greater demand in winter。这些物品不仅在冬季地需求比其他季节更大，而且价格更高。考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句 子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。49 .【答案】He suggested that people donate【解析】因事情已发生，要用一般过去时；suggest后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用 "should+动词原形",should可省略;donate to捐赠。故填：He suggested that people donateo他建议人们给地震灾区地罹难者捐赠。考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句 子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。50 .【答案】People who face failure with a positive attitude【解析】因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，who face failure with a positive attitude是定语从 句修饰先行词peopleo故填：People who face failure with a positive attitudeo用积极的态度面对失败的人更容易重新站起来。考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一此特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句 子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。51 .【答案】It is worthwhile to preserve and appreciate/preserving and appreciating【解析】因表示的是一般事实,要用一般现在时；it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.是一个句型,意 为“做某事是值得的”。故填：It is worthwhile to preserve and appreciate/preserving and appreciatingo保护和欣赏全世界的文化遗产是值得的。考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句 子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。4. The diversities of eggplant reflect in many aspects EXCEPT.A. colorsB. sizesC. dishesD. nutrition5. The passage mainly tells us about.A. the23rd annual Loomis Eggplant FestivalB. the general introduction of eggplantC. the origin of eggplantD. （he benefit of eggplantBAll schoolchildren should have "happiness" lessons up to the age of 18 to fight growing levels of depression, according to a senior government adviser."Pupils should study subjects such as how to manage feelings, attitudes to work and money, channeling negative emotions and even how to take a critical view of the media, " said Lord Richard Layard, a Labor peer and professor of economics al the London School of Economics.The proposal comes only days after the Government said that lessons in manners -including respect for the elderly and how to say "please" and "thank you" 一 should be taught in secondary schools to combat bad behaviors.Lord Layard, the director of the wellbeing program at （he LSE's Center fbr Economic Performance, said： "Learning hard things takes a large amount of practice.To play the violin well takes 10, 000 hours of practice.How can vc expect people to learn to be happy without large amounts of practice and repetition ? vtIt is believed that at least two percent of British children under 12 now struggle with significant depression.Among teenagers, the figure rises to five percent.A UNICEF study involving 21 developed countries showed that British children were the least satisfied with their lives> while the World Health Organization predicts that childhood psychiatric （精神的）disorders will rise by 50 percent by 2020.In a speech at Cambridge University» Lord Layard said that the Government's lessons in manners did not go far enough. "We need a devotion to producing a major specialism in this area, with a serious teacher training program, " he said.However, happiness lessons have been criticized by a