2022-2023上海市建平中学学年高一上学期期中英语试卷（解析版）.docx

上海市建平中学2022学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试题（考试时间为90分钟，总分100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.$ 10.B.S 15.C. $20.D. $30.2. A. Stop （he music.B. Work on the composition.C. Help the woman.D. Focus on music.3. A. Sensitive. B. Sociable. C. Respectable. D. Thoughtful.4. A. The man will have black coffee. B. The man has quitted coffee.C. The man is on a diet.D. The man only drinks milk.5 A. He met with an accident.B. He had to do extra work.D. He was held up in traffic.C. He forgot to pick up his friend.6. A. Have a rest.B. Learn new skills.C. Find a new job.7. A. Brightening a room.C. Redecorating a room.8. A. He considers it stressful.D. Do extra work.C. He is not confident enough.9. A. He doesn't have enough money.C. He doesn't know what to buy.10. A. Narrow down his theme.B. Buying new furniture.D. Painting a living room.B. He lacks required abilities.D. He has no time for it.C. Focus on the paper.Section BB. He wants to give the woman a surprise.D. He has forgotten the woman's birthday.B. Revise his paper carefully.D. Cover more topics.Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.药品）”可知，切尼更喜欢有机蔬菜，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把一些蔬菜送入了。A. gave away分发，赠送；B. gave up放 弃；C. gave back 归还;D. gave in 屈服。根据后文 “He sold the rest to friends and neighbors（他 把剩下的卖给了朋友和邻居）”可知，蔬菜一部分送人，一部分出售了。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：切尼对食物充满热情。A. curious好奇的；B. anxious焦虑的； C. optimistic 乐观的；D. passionate 热情的。根据后文 “ He strongly believes ihai people are better offeating more local food（他坚信，人们最好多吃当地食物）”可知，切尼对食物充满热情。故 选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析二句意：他坚信，人们最好多吃当地食物，因为这减少了经济和环境上的 花费。A. consumption 消耗;B. costs 花费;C. advantages 优势；D. significance 意义重大。根 据上文 “He strongly believes that people are better off eating more local food, because it reduces economic and environmentaln可知，他坚信，人们最好多吃当地食物，因为这减少了经济和 环境上的花费。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，蔬菜的营养价值越来越少。A.change改变；B. decrease 减少；C. remain 保持：D. adapt 改编。根据后文 “So eating food within a few days of harvesting is healthier for you.（所以在收获的几大内吃食物对你来说更健康）”可知，随着时间 的推移，蔬菜的营养价值越来越少。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望新鲜健康的食物可以在更多的地方供应，包括市中心地 区。A. acceptable 可接受的；B. reasonable 合理的；C. popular 流行的；D. available 可获得的。 根据后文“in more places, including inner-city areas”指新鲜健康的食物可以在更多地方获得, available符合语境。故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能在一辆1986年的道奇皮卡的后座上种植食物，我们 肯定能找到更好的方法来种植更多的新鲜农产品。A. logically逻辑上；B. vaguely模糊地； C. definitely 绝对;D. randomly 随机地。结合上文"If we can grow food in the back of a 1986 Dodge pickup"可知，如果我们能在一辆1986年的道奇皮卡的后座上种植食物，我们肯定能 找到更好的方法来种植更多的新鲜农产品。表明了对种菜的信心。故选C。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ATo celebrate his friend's birthday, Luke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland, where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning, he discovered that the car's window had been smashed, along with his drcams fbr the fiiturc: His backpack and computer were gone.*'Everything important to me was on that computer,“ said Fortune, 21, who is studying to become a paramedic.Two days after (he theft, another young man was standing outside his apartment, also in Portland. Masoud Alniazrouei, 29, was an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer fbr sale. Only $20(). Almazrouei, who had been in the United States for only a year, admits now that he was naive. But he needed a computer so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. Within seconds, he saw files and photographs.“I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it J he said. UI realized it could be stolen. Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner's cell phone number and called it.Fortune didn't trust this guy with a thick accent and thought it was a scam.Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man's number.Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200, the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn't know. More important, he said, it was his honor and duty as a Muslim to return the property to the rightful owner. saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform,Almazrouei said. "They help people. He is a good man. I don't want my money back.”Still Jhe enceunter produced its own kind of rewards. For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about immigrants, especially from the Arab world. “I'm from a small mainly white town J Fortune said. "I've never met a Muslim. He's a good man.”Almazrouei5s lesson was perhaps more complex. When a story about the two young men's encounter made it to the local papers, Almazrouei received a call from Wim Wiewel, the president of Portland State University, where Almazrouei is studying economics.“We thought since you gave back the laptop, we should give you a laptop so that you'll have one,“ Wiewel told him. "We're very proud of you. It was a great story, but you did the right thing. 36. What is the correct order of the events that happened?©The computer was stolen in a paid garage.Almazmouei found a lot of files and photographs in the computer.©Unsuspecting, Almazrouei bought （he computer at $200.©Ahnazrouei called Fortune but it didn't work.A.®B.C.®D.®The underlined word “scam” in Para. 5 is closest in meaning to "A. trickB. gameC. gambleD. accidentWhat does the author mean by saying StilU the encounter produced its own kind of rewards“ in Para. 8?A. Kindness will eventually pay off one day.B. Almazrouei got admitted into a renowned university.C. Fortune could seek his dream with his computer back.D. Both of the young men learned something in their own way.37. What can be infened from the passage?A. Theft is common in Portland.B. Almazrouei was short of money.C Fortune could not realize his dreams without his computer.D. Fortune used to discriminate against Muslims.【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫Luke Fortune的年轻人的电脑失而复得的故 事。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “The next morning, he discovered that the car's window had been smashed, along with his dreams for the future: His backpack and computer were gone.（笫二天4 匕他发现车窗被打碎了，他对未来的梦想也被打碎了：他的背包和电脑都不见了）”、第 三段中 “ But he needed a computer so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on.（但是他需要一 台电脑，所以他买了它，带回家,并打开了它。）w wWithin seconds, he saw files and photographs.（几秒钟之内，他就看到了文件和照片）”以及第四段中“Almazrouei found what 叩peared to be the owner's cell phone number and called it. （Almazrouei 找至似乎是主人的手 机号码，并拨打了它）”可知，首先，电脑被盗，然后被Almazrouei买到，然后发现文件和 照片，最后打电话给失主。故选B项。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词句前文 aAlmazrouei found what appeared to be the owner's cell phone number and called it. （Almazrouei找到了似乎是主人的手机号码，并拨打了它）”及后 文 “ Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off andhad said he was sorry.（没过多久，一名警察打电话给Fortune,说有个男人放他那里一台电 脑，并说他很抱歉）”可知，Almazrouei先打电话给Fornine,但没交还电脑，而后，他把 电脑交给了警察，说明Fortune起初认为这是个骗局。结合划线词句“Fortune didn't trust this guy with a thick accent and thought it was a scam. （Fortune 不相信这个口音很重的家伙, 认为这是个scam）”可知，划线词汇应为“骗局”的意思。故选A项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句子后文“For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes bitter national debate about iinmigrants, especially from the Arab world.（对于 Fortune 来说，在关于移民，特别是来自阿拉伯世界的移民，有时是激烈的民族主义的辩论中，这 是一个文化意识的教训）”和倒数第二段中a Almazrouei lesson was perhaps more complex. （Almazrouei得到的经验教训可能更加复杂）”可知，划线句子意思是“两个年轻人都以自 己的方式得到了一些经验教训。”故选D项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中"For Fortune, it was a lesson in cultural awareness amid the sometimes biller national debate about immigrants, especially from （he Arab world.（对于 Fortune 来说，在关于移民，特别是来自阿拉伯世界的移民，有时是激烈的民族主义的辩论中，这是 一个文化意识的教训）”以及Fortune所说的“I'm from a small mainly white town.（我来自一 个以白人为主的小镇）”及“I've never met a Muslim. He's a good man.（我从没见过穆斯林。 他是个好人）”可以推知，Fortune过去歧视穆斯林。故选D项。BMany factors can interfere with a good night's sleep from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips./. Stick to a sleep scheduleSet aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don't need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body's sleep-wake cycle. If you don't fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you're tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time.2. Pay attention to what you eat and drinkDon't go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And eventhough alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night.Create a restful environmentKeep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in (he evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.3. Limit daytime napsLong daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt.4. Include physical activity in your daily routineRegular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.5. Manage worriesTry to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what's on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks.38. What can be learned from the passage?A. It's not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep.B. The longer we sleep, the better we feel.C. It's better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep.D. Stress can contribute to bad sleep.39. According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep?A. Do physical exercise before going to bed.B. Drink alcohol to get sleepy.C. Avoid long naps during the day.D. Do some indoor activities.40. This article is most likely to come from.A. a travel magazineB. an advertisementC. a health magazineD. an informal letter【答案】40. D 41. C 42. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于睡眠的建议。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Many factors can interfere with a good night's sleep from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses/从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素 都会影响一个好的睡眠)”可知，压力会导致睡眠不好，故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段 “Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep.（白天小 睡时间过长会影响夜间睡眠）”可知，白天避免长时间小睡可以促进更好的睡眠。故选C。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “Many factors can interfere with a good nights sleep from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.（从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠。你可能 无法控制干扰你睡眠的因素。然而，你可以养成促进更好睡眠的习惯。从这些简单的建议 开始吧）”可推知，文章可能选自健康杂志。故选C。CAbout 50 years ago, the famous British band The Beatles sang that “money can't buy me love”. Today, British economists are saying that it perhaps can't buy you happiness cither. This is showed by the Happy Planet Index （HPI 快乐指数）published recently by the New Economics Foundation （NEF） in London.The index is about how well countries are using their resources. It shows how well they provide people with better health and longer and happier lives, and at what cost to their environment.It would seem to be common sense that people in richer countries live happier lives, while those in developing countries are having a harder time. But the results are surprising, even shocking. The numbers show that some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly. The United States, for example, ranks number 150th. On the other hand, some little-known developing countries are doing a much better job. A tiny island in the Pacific, Vanuatu, comes in first. There are 178 countries and areas in the index. China ranks number 31.Countries are graded on （he basis of information supplied in response to the following questions. How do people feel about their lives? How long does an average person live? How greatly does a country need to use its natural resources to maintain its living standards? This is what the index calls the “ecological fbotprinf,.The NEF found that the people of island nations enjoy the highest HPI rankings. Their populations live happier and longer lives, and use fewer resources.The results also seem to show that it is possible to live longer, happier lives with a much smaller environment impact. The index points out that people in the US and Germany enjoy similar lives.“However, Germany's ecological footprint is only about half that of the US. This means that Germany is around twice as efficient as the US at producing happy lives,“ says Nic Marks, head of NEF's Center for well-being.So the Happy Planet Index tells us a brand-new concept of understanding “being happy. HPI figures out different countries or individuals' HPI through their Ecological Footprint'' and “Lifb Satisfaction Level” or “Lifb Expectancy. Clearly, people's