北京中国人民大学附属高中通州校区2021届高三上学期期末英语试题　含答案.docx

中国人民大学附属中学通州校区2020-2021学年度第一学期 高三英语统练试卷（二）本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。请考生务必将答案答在答题 纸上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.He may have the belief that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he doesn't understand how to make the I of his mental faculties （才能）. Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of learning something new because of their 2A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 3 because he feels that it would be useless. He won't go at a job with confidence necessary for success and he won't work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. He is 4 likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his competence.Alfred Alder, a famous doctor, had an experience like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor start in maths. His teacher told his parents he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 5 too much of him. In this way, they also6 the idea. He accepted their mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to 7 and was very poor at maths, just as they expected.One day he worked at a problem which 8 of the other students had been able to solve. Alder 9 in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now worked with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at 10. He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily helearned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may astonish himself as well as others by his ability.1. A. biggestB. mostC. highestD. deepest2. A. abilityB. ageC. brainD. knowledge3. A. decisionB. successC. effortD. trouble4. A. trulyB. reallyC. howeverD. therefore5. A. blameB. expectC. getD. win6. A. developedB. organizedC. discoveredD. found7. A. manageB.succeedC. tryD. act8. A. noneB. nothingC. everybodyD. nobody9. A. gaveB.succeededC. failedD. believed1（）.A. lessonsB. medicineC. subjectsD. maths第二节书面表达（20分）One possible version:Dear Chris,I'm glad that you show great interest in Chinese culture. The course of Chinese poetry online attracted most of students in our school and aroused our passion for traditional Chinese culture.Now let me tell you this course in detail. As we know, we are living in a high-tech era, an application called DingTalk acts as class temporarily. The using methods are simple and convenient. First, download this application and enter the class group. Next, click the button of “class online” and find the live telecast to learn the class online.The course of Chinese poetry online has many advantages. Not only can you play it again and again, but also you can pause and go back at any time if you don't understand what teachers say. Besides, the teacher could put more interesting examples without worrying about time of class because we can speed up the class or skip the chapter we don't need. I hope what I say can be helpful fbr you. Looking forward to your reply.YoursiLi Hua第二节 语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AAt 9 feet tall and weighing about 25() pounds, the ostrich (鸵鸟)is the world's largest bird. As the myth goes, a frightened ostrich will bury its head in the sand 11 (make) itself invisible to its hunters. If that sounds like a “bird-brained“ way to escape danger, you're right! Actually, the ostrich plays dead in this way. When this behavior 12 (see) from a distance, the ostrich's head might not be visible, 13 (give) the false impression that its head is buried.BI picked up the phone, slowly dialing the number to her house. All I could think was 14 we could possibly have a conversation about. Nothing! I didn't think I could have anything in common with the person 15 is 50 years older than me. “Your grandmother won't be around forever,my mom said, so I just did what she told me and called my grandmother. What I didn't know was that the phone call 16 (change) my attitude to life.CTen years ago, people bought electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce their carbon footprint. 17 the limited range and high price made EVs something of a rare sight on roads. A lot can change in a decade. Advances in battery technology 18 (mean) electiic cars now travel much flirther on a single charge. Government grants (补贝占)serve to draw buyers away from gasoline-powered cars. The change will have a huge impact 19 life. Roads will become far 2() (quiet) and pollution levels will be reduced quickly, potentially leading to improved quality of life.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWorld's loneliest marathonMany of us know about Russia's Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian's hit song, Lake Baikal. But over the past decade, the world's deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake's breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions.The 26-mile (41.84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake's eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.Known as the “blue eye of Siberia"，Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent. <4Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she is jogging through space,“ The New York Times noted.The landscape might be beautiful, but it's also harsh. Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.“When you are in such an environment, you don't have cars around you, you don't have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature,“ Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC News.The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare （喧闹）.Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies （自拍）and just ignore the runners.For some runners, the absence of spectators （观众）makes the race more challenging, because it's lonely. They must fight with themselves. 4tYou are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself/' Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.21. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article?A. It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.B. It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.C. It attracts more and more participants each year.D. It is about 26 kilometers in length.22. In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “harsh" probably means.A. interesting B. mysterious C. severe D. safeHow does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons?A. Only men are allowed to run in this race.B. The runners can see the finish line from the start.C. The runners are often distracted by tourists.D. There arc many progress markers on the ice.23. What is the most challenging part of the race for Messina?A. Loneliness.B. The long distance.C. The cold climate.D. Noisy surroundings.BWhen a typical kid hums （哼唱）a tune, it's usually something like "Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star," not Finnish composer Jean Sibelius's Violin Concerto in D Minor.So when Nygel Witherspoon began to hum the very difficult concerto （协奏曲）, his family guessed that he should have music lessons. He was, however, just 3 years old.“He was calm, with an ability to focus/' recalled David Holmes, Witherspoon's cello （大提琴）teacher from age 3 to 16.Witherspoon is a familiar name in his hometown. He has inherited his talent from both sides of his family, including his aunt, the late jazz vocalist Shirley Witherspoon.The 17-year-old doesn't see himself as competitive. think it's more important fbr students to have a supportive environment than a competitive one,“ he said. "It's great to have a support system, where you can be yourself and improve right along with others doing the same thing.Witherspoon's love of music blossomed as he attended viola （中提琴）lessons with older siblings （兄弟姐妹）.Their teacher, David France, noticed that the little boy was a sponge （海绵）."He'd absorb everything they did," France said. Witherspoon was given a box violin, but he wanted to play “the big one“ 一 the cello. He loved its size and tone. That's when he was matched with his teacher Holmes.Witherspoon's drive is inspired by the connection music provides. He recalled that he and his siblings performed as a chamber trio （室内乐三重奏）at their grandmother's nursing home. The positive reaction from residents gave him motivation."It's so important, whether it's hip-hop or classical,“ he said. "Music is the universal language. It connects all of us.”His mother runs an in-home day care where lucky children can hear Witherspoon's concertos as background music.Witherspoon finds the noisy environment helpful in terms of learning to focus and play with distractions. As he practices in the kitchen sometimes children toddle （蹒跚学 步）up to listen.Despite years of performing, Witherspoon said he still gets nervous sometimes. “But once I'm on stage, I connect with my instrument and try to tell a story with my music.”How was Witherspoon different from other kids when he was 3?A. He began to teach himself music.B. He was able to hum very difficult tunes.C. He had already made up his mind to learn violin.D. He could already play the songs to which he'd listened.24. What does Witherspoon think is important for music learners?A. Practicing hard.B. Being very competitive.C. Being in a supportive environment.D. Having a good teacher from an early age.25. What is France's impression of Witherspoon?A. He is a fast learner.B. He is a creative player.C. He works very hard.D. He is open-minded.26. What is the main purpose of Paragraphs 8 and 9?A. To compare Witherspoon's performance with his siblings,.B. To show that motivation plays a big role in music studies.C. To stress how music connects people.D. To show how studying music helped Witherspoon overcome difficulties.CA history of vaccinationEBOLA, a deadly virus, has become one of the world's biggest problems this summer. Since last December, it has killed over 1,200 people, most of them in West Africa.Scientists all over the world are acting to stop the “monster”. They are developing medicines, but more importantly, they are experimenting with vaccines （疫苗）to prevent people from getting infected in the first place.That change happened largely because of the British doctor and scientist Edward Jenner, the pioneer of smallpox （天花）vaccination. Vaccination has always been a powerful shield （屏蔽）against diseases. The names of those diseases used to be frightening household names, but now they are all but forgotten.Jenner was born in England in 1749. In his time, smallpox was one of the greatest killers of the period, especially among children. But Jenner noticed that milkmaids seldom caught smallpox.What was the secret? Jenner had a brave guess: Cows sometimes caught “cowpox”, a disease similar to smallpox but much less dangerous. The pus （脓水）from the cow's body got onto the milkmaids' hands and protected them from smallpox.In 1796 Jenner carried out an experiment on an 8-year-old boy, the son of his gardener. He first made some scratches （戈U痕）on the boy's arm, and then rubbed the pus into them. Later, when the boy was exposed to the smallpox virus, he wasn't infected.Jenner's theory was proven: a less dangerous virus makes your body learn to destroy it. Your body can then more easily destroy any similar viruses that it later meets.However, many people couldift accept his idea at the time. To them, it was disgusting to put material from a diseased animal into someone's body.An opponent drew a cartoon in 1802 in which people who were vaccinated began to grow cow's heads.But the obvious effects of vaccination won out, and vaccination soon became widespread.The terms “vaccine" and "vaccination“ came from variolae vaccinae, which Jenner used to call “cowpox”. To honor Jenner, people are now using the terms for inoculation （预防接种）against any disease.So, when will Jenner's legacy （遗j"） save people from Ebola?It won't take long, according to the World Health Organization. It is expecting to consider the emergency use of Ebola vaccines by the end of 2014.27. What does the article mainly talk about?A. How vaccinations protect us from dangerous diseases.B. The common efforts of scientists to find a cure for Ebola.C. How the first vaccine and vaccinations came about.D. Edward Jenner's fight against smallpox.28. From the text we can conclude that Jenner.A. cured people after they had smallpoxB. interviewed many milkmaids before he tested his theoryC. found that the smallpox vaccine worked better on children than adultsD. came up with a theory based on observation and his knowledge of diseases 31. What could be inferred from the article?A. Jenner's smallpox vaccine could be used to fight against Ebola.B. Smallpox vaccination was not widely accepted by the public at first.C. The way vaccines work has changed a lot over the years.D. It will only lake months before Ebola vaccines are widely used.DSometimes it's hard to let go. For many British people, that can apply to institutions and objects that represent their country's past-age-old castles, splendid homes. and red phone boxes.Beaten first by the march of technology and lately by the terrible weather in junkyards, the phone boxes representative of an age are now making something of a comeback. Adapted in imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets and village greens housing tiny cafes, cellphone repair shops or even defibrillator machines (除颤器).The original iron boxes with the round roofs first appeared in 1926. They were designed by Giles Gilbert Scott, the architect of the Battersea Power Station in London. After becoming an important part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s, with the rise of the mobile phone sending most of them away to Ihe junkyards.About that time, Tony Inglis' engineering and transport company got the job to remove phone boxes from the streets and sell them out. But Inglis ended up buying hundreds of them himself, with the idea of repairing and sell