2019高中英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes同步练习 新人教版必修1.doc

1UnitUnit 4 4 EarthquakesEarthquakes话题诵读 日积月累My earthquake storyMy name is Mahnaz Bibi and I'm from a village of Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir.We were living a happy and comfortable life.I had my husband Mukhtar Ali and a son Mushahid Ali.Mushahid was the whole world for me. On October 8th，I came out of my house after feeding Mushahid to do some work out there.I was working when the earth started shaking from north to west.I had never felt this kind of earthquake before.When I came to my senses I ran back to my house to save my son，as he was sleeping in the room.There was nothing but the debris(残骸)of my house.I started crying loudly and asked the neighbours to help search for my child.I was praying(祈祷)to God to save my child from this disaster，but after three hours of my prayers，I lost my whole world.There was no one to bury Mushahid's body because everyone was burying their own children. We buried him on the 9th of October and suffered from rain the whole night. A few days later we left our village，because there was nothing left for us.We travelled a long distance over the mountains.In the end，we reached Muzaffarabad，Azad Kashmir and got shelter in the Ajaz Gillani Relief Tent Village. 词海拾贝 1come to one's sense(s)清醒过来；冷静下来 2search for 寻找，搜索 3suffer from 遭受，忍受 4in the end 最后，终于 5get shelter 得到住处；得以避难 问题思考 1Why did the author leave her village?_ 答案：Because there was nothing left for her. 2What would you do if you felt an earthquake?_ 答案：I would find a safety place or open field. 自主预习 步步提高 词汇识记 .将单词与其正确释义配对 1burst Avi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发22ruin Bvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭 3injure Cvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 4destroy Dn.废墟；毁灭 vt.使破产；毁灭 5shock Evt.损害；伤害 6rescue Fvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊 7trap Gvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境 8bury Hn.灾难；灾祸 9disaster In.&vt.援救；营救 10electricity Jn.电；电流；电学 答案：1.A 2.D 3.E 4.B 5.F 6.I 7.G 8.C 9.H 10.J .根据所给汉语提示写出单词 1_n地震 _n地震；震动 2_vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发 3_n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产 4_n苦难；痛苦 5_adj.极度的 6_vt.损害；伤害 7_vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭 8_adj.无用的；无效的；无益的 _adj.有用的 9_n休克；震惊；打击 vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 10_vt.&n.救援；营救 11_vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境 12_n灾难；灾祸 13_vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 14_n遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽 15_n记者 答案：1.earthquake quake 2.burst 3.ruin 4.suffering 5extreme 6.injure 7.destroy 8.useless useful 9shock 10.rescue 11.trap 12.disaster 13.bury 14shelter 15.reporter .根据汉语提示写出正确的单词 1The driver lost control when a tyre_(爆裂) 2The bad weather_(毁掉)our trip. 3Three people were killed and five_(伤害)in the accident. 4The parents were_(震惊)by the news that their son needed an operation. 5Helicopters_(营救)nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.36The train was_(困在)underground by a fire. 7The dog had_(掩埋)its bone in the garden. 答案：1.burst 2.ruined 3.injured 4.shocked 5rescued 6.trapped 7.buried .根据汉语提示写出正确的短语 1He behaves_(好像)he had no common sense. 2On November 11th，1918 the First World War was finally _ (结束) 3The invader laid towns and villages_(严重受损) 4I went to the attic and_(发现)grandad's medals. 5There have been_(许多) accidents lately. 6Thank you.I will get in touch with him_(立刻，马上) 7It is wrong to_(不把当回事)everything. 8I found him in the garden，dreaming away_(和往常一样) 答案：1.as if 2.at an end 3.in ruins 4.dug out 5a great number of 6.right away 7.think little of 8as usual 语篇理解.Skimming for the main information Para.1_ AThe earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan. Para.2_ BThe earthquake happened and caused deaths or injuries in Tangshan. Para.3_ CHelp came soon after the quakes. Para.4_ DNo one paid attention though strange things happened. 答案：Para.1D Para.2B Para.3A Para.4C.Scanning for detailed information 1All the following unusual things happened before the quake EXCEPT that_ Athe water in the village wells rose and fell Bthe chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat Ctens of thousands of cows would never give milk again Dfish jumped out of their bowls and ponds 2Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because_ Athey didn't notice anything strange happening Bthey knew well about earthquakes Csomething strange happened in many places Dthey didn't realize the arrival of an earthquake 3When did the earthquake happen? AAt night on July 28，1976. BOn the morning of July 28，1976. COn the afternoon of July 28，1976. DThe writer didn't tell us. 4Which is TRUE according to the passage? APeople paid much attention to those strange things before the earthquake.4BBefore the earthquake animals became nervous. CAfter the earthquake water was needed because there was no water in dams and wells. DAfter the earthquake the people in Tangshan lost hope because they were homeless. 5What does the sentence“Slowly，the city began to breathe again”mean?AThe city will not die；it has hope and it can recover from the pain. BThe army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people. CHundreds of thousands of people were helped. DMost of the 10，000 miners were rescued. 答案：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A.Intensive reading to finish the passage Before Tangshan earthquake，strange things happened and a 1._ gas came out from the 2._ of wells and animals became nervous.At 3：42 am，everything began to 3._The city turned into 4._ in just fifteen seconds.Many people，including workers and doctors，came to 5._ those trapped under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big quake 6._ Tangshan，killing，injuring more people and making more buildings 7._Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers and teams 8._ to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.Workers built 9._ for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to 10._ again. 答案：1.smelly 2.cracks 3.shake 4.ruins 5.rescue 6.struck 7.fall down 8.were organized 9.shelters 10breathe 阅读素养提升What should we do to protect ourselves if an earthquake happened? _ _ 答案：1.Don't be nervous and keep calm. 2Protect your head by putting your bag on your head. 3Stay under your desk. 4Leave the classroom after the earthquake. 精读难句透析 1The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是时间状语从句。 译文：_ 答案：when 译文：即使空中没有飞机，在唐山市外也可以听到飞机的声音。 2But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是非限制性定语从句，_是先5行词，在从句中作主语。 译文：_ 答案：who people 译文：但是，这个城市的 100 万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上 床睡觉了。3.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。_引导的是定语从句，_是先行词， 在从句中作主语。 译文：_ 答案：that crack 译文：一条 8 千米长、30 米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、马路和水道。 知识聚焦 讲练互动 要点直击 1In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。归纳拓展 burst vi.（burst，burst）爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发burst in/into 闯进，突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支形象记忆 burst 的多层含义(1)Upon his appearance，there was a _ of applause. 他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。(2)Karen _ on hearing the good news. Karen _ at the good news. 当卡伦听到这一好消息时，她突然大笑起来。(3)Water pipes in the open air are easy to _ in winter. 冬天在户外的水管容易冻裂。 答案：(1)burst (2)burst out laughing burst into laughter (3)burst即学即练 用适当的介、副词填空。 (1)Suddenly the door opened and a group of policemen burst_6(2)Hardly had the boys heard the story when they burst_ tears. (3)He burst_the room without knocking at the door. 完成句子。 (4)_(暴风雨突然袭来)and we all got wet. (5)Last night the room_(闯入)but nothing was taken away. 答案：(1)in (2)into (3)into (4)The storm burst(5)was burst into 2Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们当中三分之二的人在地震中不是死就是伤。归纳拓展 injure vt.损害；伤害；使受伤 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤员 injury n伤；伤口；伤害Error! 伤害某人 (1)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们中有三分之二的人在地震中伤亡。(2)She should not move in case she injured her neck. 她不应该动，以防伤着脖子。 (3)Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking. 救一些受伤、流离失所或病残的动物有时是令人心碎的。(4)You should stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. 为了避免伤害，每次跑步之前你应该至少热身十分钟。 形象记忆 不同程度的“伤害”即学即练 用 hurt，injure，wound，harm 的适当形式填空。(1)Don't_ your eyes by reading in poor light. (2)Two people have been seriously_ in a road accident. (3)I'm really sorry.I didn't mean to_ your feelings. (4)He got_ in the war. 答案：(1)harm (2)injured (3)hurt (4)wounded 3People were shocked. 人们惊呆了。归纳拓展 shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊 (1)be a shock to.使震惊 be in shock 处于震惊中7(2)shocked adj 震惊的；惊讶的 be shocked at/by 对感到震惊 shocking adj.令人震惊的(1)She got _ when she touched the live wire. 她在触到通电的电线时受到电击。(2)The news of his death was _ us. 他去世的消息令我们震惊。 答案：(1)shocked (2)a shock to即学即练 完成句子。 (1)We_(对感到震惊)the news of his death. (2)The news of his survival from the earthquake came as_ (震惊或令人 吃惊的事) (3)They were_(感到吃惊的)when they heard the_ (令人吃惊的)news. 答案：(1)were shocked at (2)a shock(3)shocked shocking 4The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。归纳拓展 bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 bury one's face/head in one's hands 用手捂住脸/头 bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头于；专心于(1)We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading. 我们需要尽快将尸体掩埋，以防疾病扩散。(2)He buried his face in his bands. 他双手掩面。 (3)Buried in his study，he didn't know that the others had left. 他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。 熟词生义He had buried his wife about two years before he retired. 他大约在退休前两年丧妻。 bury vt.丧失(亲人) 形象记忆即学即练 句型转换。(1)He was lost in his book and didn't notice me coming. He_ his book and didn't notice me coming.8单句语法填空。(2)He was buried _ the paper and ignored all. (3)_(bury) in his work he didn't return home for two weeks. 答案：(1)buried himself in (2)in (3)Buried 5It was a frightening night. 这是一个骇人的夜晚。归纳拓展 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬 be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事frighten sb into/out of(doing) sth 吓得某人做某事/吓得某人不敢做某事 frighten sb/sth away/off 把吓走(吓跑)(1)The _ child can't help shaking with fear. 受惊的孩子忍不住因害怕而颤抖。(2)The little girl _ the sudden noise. 这个女孩听到突然的噪声吓了一跳。 (3)Sorry，I didn't mean to _. 对不起，我没有吓唬你的意思。 答案：(1)frightened (2)was frightened at(3)frighten you即学即练 用 frighten 的适当形式填空。(1)There was a_ expression on her face. (2)The_ little girl hid herself behind the door. (3)It's_ to stay at a big and empty hall alone. (4)We all felt_ at the_ news. 完成句子。(5)They_ the paper. 他们吓唬那位老太太在文件上签名。 答案：(1)frightened (2)frightened (3)frightening(4)frightened frightening (5)frightened the old lady into signing 6Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. 恭喜你！我们高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的中学生演讲比赛中获胜了。归纳拓展 congratulation n祝贺；贺词(常用复数)offer/send one's congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人致以祝贺 congratulate v祝贺 congratulate sb on sth 为某事向某人祝贺(1)We _ to her when she passed the exam.9当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。(2)I _ you _ what you have achieved. 祝贺你取得的成绩。 答案：(1)sent our congratulations (2)congratulate on易混辨析congratulate/celebratecongratulate意为“祝贺” ，是用语言表达祝贺之意，其宾语是人；若要表明所祝 贺的事情，后面用介词 on 连接，构成 congratulate sb on sthcelebrate“庆祝，庆贺” ，指举行盛大、隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日 子或事件。常用表示节日、胜利、成功等的名词作宾语即学即练 用上述单词的正确形式填空。(1)Friends came to_ him when he passed the College Entrance Examinations and they held a party to_ it. (2)_ to you on your exam results. (3)We sent our_ to her when she passed the driving test. 答案：(1)congratulate celebrate (2)Congratulations (3)congratulations 7Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委会的 5 位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为这是今年最好的。归纳拓展 judge n裁判员；法官 vt.判定，判决 judge sb/sth(to be)n./adj.判断；认为是 judge thatclause 判断；认为 judge.by/from.根据判断 judging by/from.从来判断 (1)A colourblind man can't _ colours. 色盲的人不能判断颜色。(2)I can't _ which one I like better. 我无法确定我更喜欢哪个。 (3)_ what he said，he was very disappointed. 从他的话判断，他非常失望。 答案：(1)judge (2)judge (3)Judging from即学即练 用所给词的正确形式填空。 (1)_(judge)from media reports，the result has been unclear.(2)He was one of the_(judge)at the races. (3)It's wrong of you_(judge)a man from his looks. 答案：(1)Judging (2)judges (3)to judge 8Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. 下个月我市将开放一个新的公园，来纪念在那次地震中死去的人们。归纳拓展10hono(u)r v给予荣誉；尊敬 n荣誉；敬意an honour to sb/sth 引起尊敬(或尊重)的人或事物in honour of. 为了纪念，为向表示敬意 show/give honour to.向表示敬意have the honour of sth/of doing sth 得到某殊荣；有幸做某事 honour sb(with sth)(因某事)尊敬/尊重某人 be/feel honoured(to do sth)(做某事)感到荣幸(1)He's ready to fight for the _ of his country. 他随时准备为祖国的荣誉而战。 (2)As a student，he should _ his teachers. 作为一个学生，他应该尊敬他的老师。(3)Would you _ us _ a visit? 能否赏光来我们这里做客？ 答案：(1)honour (2)show honour to (3)honour with即学即练 单句语法填空。(1)He is_ honour to his profession. (2)The school was named_honour of the man. (3)I felt honoured_(invite)here. (4)Showing honour_ your teaching is your duty. 答案：(1)an (2)in (3)to be invited (4)to 9I would like to express my thanks to. 我想向表达我的感谢。归纳拓展 express vt.表达；表示n.快车；速递express one's thanks to sb 向某人表达某人的感谢 express oneself 表达自己的思想感情 expression n表达；表情 beyond expression 无法表达；难以表达(1)I would like to express my warmest thanks to doctors. 我想向医生们表达我最由衷的感谢。(2)The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. 艺术世界给了我不需要语言表达我自己的机会。(3)The shock of this news is beyond expression. 难以表达对这则消息的震惊程度。即学即练 用 express 的相关短语填空。(1)He is still unable to_ in English. (2)Having heard the bad news，he left_ (3)The scenery is so beautiful that it is_11答案：(1)express himself (2)without expression(3)beyond expression 10But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. 但是，这座城市的 100 万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉 了。归纳拓展 think little of 不