浙江省杭州市学军中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月模拟考试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

2022学年第一学期高三模拟考试试题英语本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. Where could the man find Stella?A. In her office. B. In the library. C. In the meeting room.2. What did the man do last weekend?A. He attended a party.B. He had a picnic with his friends.C. He went to the park with his sister.3. How did the woman feel about the intendew?A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Worried.4. What docs the man remind the woman to do?A. Have a rest after lunch. B. Wear her hat. C. Go swimming before a meal.5. What does the woman mean?A. The man is not suitable for （he position.B. The application arrived a week earlier than expected.C. The job has been given to someone else.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A photograph. B. A video. C. A painting.7. Where did the man's idea conic from?D. History.C. Science Study.13. Why did the findings draw a large amount of interest in （he science world?A. Because jaws are a key trait of all vertebrate species.B. Because jaws are significant in animal evolution.C Because the rise of the jaw had been a mystery.D. Because there is a lack of sufficient evidence.14. What docs the underlined phrase “at that time" refer to?A. Around 440 million years ago.B. Around 450 million years ago.C. When jawed fish began to spread around （he world.D. When fish evolved into humans.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Who Are Our Ancestors?B. What Came Before Apes?C. The Origin of the JawD. Key Gaps in Evolution【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国科学家发现的下颗化石有助于帮助我们更好的理解人类从鱼类 进化而来的历史。【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第段第四句"Chinese scientists have discovered fossils that could enrich theevolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish."（中国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事）并结合全文可知，主要介绍的是人类早期的进化研究，属于科学研究的范围。故选C项。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“the findings drew a large amount of interest in the science world due to the importance of jaws in animal evolution.w （这些发现引起了科学家的极大兴趣，因为下歌在动物进化中有非 常重要的作用。）可知，这些发现引起科学家的兴趣是因为下颗在进化中的重要作用。故选B项。【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“The fish fossils were discovered at two sites in Chongqing and Guizhou, whosestrata （岩层）date back to the Silurian Period that began around 440 million years ago.w （在重庆和贵州的两个 地方发现了鱼化石，这两个地方的岩层可以追溯到志留纪，大概4.4亿年前。）可知，“at that time”指的 是大概4.4亿年前。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第段第三句和第四句"But whal came before apes? Chinese scientists have discovered fossils （hat could enrich the evolutionary story of how humans evolved from fish. ” （在猿猴之前是什么呢？中 国科学家发现了一些化石，有助于丰富有关人类从鱼类进化而来的进化故事.）并结合全文可知，主要介 绍了中国科学家发现了一些下颗化石，有助于更好的理解人类早期的进化。这些进化都是发生在类人猿之 前的历史。故选B项。第二节（共5小题海小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。I believe almost everyone would like two things from their jobs and careers: success and happiness. They want to do relatively well financially, receive fair recognition for their accomplishments, enjoy their work as much as one can, and become happier as a person as a result. So many people, especially ambitious, hard-working people, simplify them in a logical way: They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness.16. Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness. 17. But you have toreverse （颠倒）ihe order of operations: Instead of trying first to gel success and hoping it leads to happiness, start by working on your happiness, which will enhance your success.Whether you arc an employee or employer, it is a better investment to increase happiness at work and in life, rather than simply trying to increase measures of success.18. No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction （阻碍）to wellbeing.Once work quantity is under control, happiness at work requires a sense of meaning and purpose. （9.Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while serx ice to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.Ultimately, although success and happiness arc linked, the magic mostly works one-way and not in the way that most people think. 2（）、and may lead you to unhappiness. But working on your happiness. gives youthe best chance at getting both.A. You can obtain bothBut this reasoning is faultyB. Ifs fairly reasonable to think this way, thoughWorking on your success to get happier is inefficient at best （充其量）C. The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balanceIt's dangerous to pursue success instead of happinessD. The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and sen ice to others【答案】16. B 17.A18. E 19. G 20. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。说明了成功和快乐的关系并非非此即彼，而是互为补充，要处理好二者关系。【16题详解】上文 “They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness.w （他们首先追求成功，然后 便认为成功将会带来快乐。）说明了一些人的逻辑，与下文"Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.v （追求成功的代价可能是最终降低幸福感。）是对立的关系，说明上文的逻辑是错误 的。B项“But this reasoning is faulty” （但是这种逻辑是错误的）承上启下,符合题意。故选B项。【17题详解】上文 “This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness.M （这并不是说你不得不在成 功与快乐之间做出选择。）说明成功和快乐并不是矛盾的，是可以兼得的。故A项“Youcan obtain both”（你可以二者兼得。）符合题意。故选A项。【18题详解】卜 文 “No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction （阻碍）lo well-being.* （无论你多么喜欢你的工作，超时工作都会变成快乐生活的阻碍。）说明快乐来自于喜欢，但要懂得适度和平衡，否则再喜欢的工作也会变成阻碍。与E项“The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balancew （要记住的第一件事就是快乐需要平衡）句意契合。故选E项。【19题详解】下文 “Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work."（获得成功意味着成就感和对出色 工作的认可，而服务他人意味着需要了解那些从你的工作中受益的人。）说明了 “Earned success”和“service to others”两方面的内容,与 G 项“The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service toothers"（有意义的工作的两个关键就是获得的成功和对他人的服务。）中两个关键一致。故选G 项。【20题详解】下文“and may lead you io unhappiness"（可能会导致你不快乐）说明前面的事情是消极不好的做法。结合 下句“But working on your happiness, gives you the best chance at getting both. " （但是致力于快乐,你会有 机会二者兼得。）可知，前面的做法是与其相反的。故D项“Working on yoursuccess to get happier is inefficient at best"（致力于成功而得到的快乐是远远不够的。）符合题意。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago I was 21 with a lovely family at the Academy's Swamp exhibit. Their young son was 22 by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked （he boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He 23 chose a swallow sticker. The boy's younger brother spent time 24 all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy who had chosen first said softly to his father, didn't see the frog sticker., His father immediately 25 the boy to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, Tm happy with what I have.”I was 26. Such wisdom, grace, and 27. all from an eight-ycar-old boy. Too often, we28 to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness we spread the 29 of discontent.I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the 30. he said, “Within twoyears, you'll probably want a new one anyway." Why would I want a new one, 31 my old one was working? Perhaps,4432 is the key word. I won't 33 need a new laptop in two years but I ”willprobably want one”. I may want 34 things, but I don't need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. 1 need to 35 each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want" or "need”.21. A. seeingB. visitingC. leavingD. staying22. A. trappedB. calledC. stuckD. fascinated23. A. quicklyB. slowlyC. deliberatelyD. casually24. A. going aboutB. going byC. going forD. going through25. A. demandedB. suggestedC. urgedD. persuaded26. A. satisfiedB. astonishedC. pleasedD. thrilled27. A. gratitudeB. patienceC. concentrationD. respect28.A. usedB. triedC. pretendedD. forgot29. A. conceptB. assumptionC. infectionD. lie30. A. cashierB. hostC. salesmanD. waiter31. A. ifB. forC. butD. besides32. A. needB. wantC. hopeD. mind33. A. obviouslyB. speciallyC. simplyD. necessarily34. A. spareB. suitableC. shinyD. similar35. A. recognizeB. identifyC. proveD. access【答案】2LB 22. D23. A 24. D25. C 26. B 27. A28. D 29. C 30. C31.A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东 西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A. seeing看到；B. visiting 参观;C. leaving 离开;D. staying 留下。根据上文"I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences/我是加州科学院的导游）”和本句中的“exhibit（展览）” 一词可知，作者陪这家人参观学院的沼泽 展览，故选B。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A. trapped困住；B. called 叫；C. stuck 卡住；D. fascinated 着迷。根据下文“asked many questions about it.（问 了很多问题）”可 知，是因为对燕子很着迷，才问很多关于它的问题，故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他快速选了一个燕子贴纸。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. deliberately 故意地;D. casually随意地。根据上文“As the family was leaving（当一家人离开时）”以及“Their young son was fascinated by the swallow（他们的小儿子对燕子着迷）”可知，在这一家人快要离开时他们的小儿子快速 地选择了自己着迷的燕子贴纸。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶贴纸之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A. going about 四处走动；B. going by 流逝；过去 C. going for 争取得到；D. going through 浏览。根据"all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. v可知，男孩在选择蝴蝶贴纸前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸。故选D.25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A. demanded要求；B. suggested建 议；C. urged敦促；D. persuaded说服。从本句中的"immediately（立即）”及小男孩一家人要离开可知，小 男孩父亲会催促小男孩向作者要贴纸。故选C。26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶。A. satisfied满意的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. thrilled 激动的。根据下文 “Such wisdom, grace（这种智慧、优雅）”和 “all from an eight-year-old boy（都来自 一个八岁的男孩。）”可知作者是惊讶于一个小男孩所拥有的品质。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这种智慧、优雅和感激，都来自一个八岁的男孩。A.gratitude感恩；B.patience 耐心；C. concentration 专注；D. respect 尊重。根据上文 “I'm happy with what I have.（我对我所拥有 的很满意）”可知小男孩知足常乐，而作者对小男孩感恩的品质很欣赏。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. used 用;B. tried 试，努力；C. pretended 假装：D. forgot 忘记。根据下文关键词"forgetfulness（健忘）” 可知，此处为忘记。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记对自己所拥有的感到快乐，在健忘中，我们传播了不满的感染。A. concept概念；B. assumption假设;C. infection感染；D. lie谎言。根据"spread”推知，是传播了不满的 感染，即带动周围的人对自己所拥有的感到不满。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说“两年之内，你可能想要一个新的。" A. cashier 收银员；B. host 主持人；C. salesman 销售员；D. waiter服务员° 由前文 “I recently purchased my first laptop computer.（我最近购买了我的第一台笔记本电脑。）”可知，作者是去购买电脑，能与作者讨论的肯定是售 货员，故选C。【31题详解】考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？ A. if如果；B.for为 T; C. but但是;D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句"Why would I want a new one（为什么我要一个新 的）”以及下文“I won't 13 need a new lapiop in two years（两年内不需要新电脑）”可知，此处作者 想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许，“想要”是关键词。A. need需要;B. want想要；C. hope希望；D. mind 介意。根据前文“Why would I want a new one（为什么我要一个新的）”可知此处作者要表达“想要”这个 词是关键。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我两年内不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑但我“可能会想要一台"。A. obviously 显而易见地；B. specially尤其,特别地；C. simply仅仅;D. necessarily必要地。由语境可知，作者两年内 不一定需要，但是可能想要一台新电脑，故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A. spare备用的；B. suitable合适 的；C. shiny闪亮的；D.similai类似的。结合上文可知，此处“闪亮的东西”指代新东西，即作者可能想 要新东西，但事实上并不需要“它(们)”。故选C。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要将我突然购买或拥有的每一次冲动确定为“想要”或“需要”。A. recognize认出；B. identify识别；C. prove证明；D. access访问。根据语境及作者想要表达的想要和需要的 区别，作者在购物前需要识别自己是想要还是需要。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going against the tide of flocking to well-known yet generally jam-packcd tourist destinations on vacation, a 36(grow) number of holiday makers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts coseek unique, relaxing holiday experiences.In recent years reverse tourism 37 (emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, 38 (avoid) popular holiday destinations in order to get the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quiet. According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms 39 (book) at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations,40 often involve expensive tickets, meals and hotel stays. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not 41 "commercial" and “standardized“ as developed ones and are able to offer more authentic experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And 42 (like) popular destinations, some underexplorcd places with little online 43 (expose) can offer more surprises.Jiang Han, 44 senior researcher at the Beijing-based public policy think tank Pangoai, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market 45 is an opportunity for growth comparable to (he camping economy.【答案】36. growinghas emerged37. avoidedbooked40. which41. as#so42. unlikeexposure43. a 45. and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍的是越来越多的中国度假者倾向于将休闲的时间花在不太知名的度假胜 地，这种反向旅游成为中国年轻度假者选择的一种新趋势。36题详解】考查形容词。句意：随着人们涌向著名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地度假的潮流，越来越多的中国度假者倾向 于把休闲时间花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特的、放松的度假体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为形 容词growing （增加的、增长的）作定语修饰number。故填growing。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，反向旅游己成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。分析句子结构可知，此处应为 谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，谓语动词emerge与主语reverse tourism之间为主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emergedo【38题详解】考查时态。句意：在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期期间，大量的度假者，尤其是那些渴望逃离繁忙 的城市生活的年轻专业人士，避开了热门的度假目的地，去享受一些宁静。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓 语动词，句子主语为 vacationers,根据上文中的 “During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct 7”可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且该处与主语之间为主动关系。故填avoided。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据，假日期间在游客较少的城市的酒店预订的房间 数量同比增长了 30%。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词rooms, book与rooms之 间为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处表示的动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词形式。故填booked。【40题详解】考杳定语从句关系词。句意：除了人群，一些度假者选择了一些较少去的地方，以节省去热门目的地的费 用，这通常包括昂贵的机票、餐饮和酒店住宿。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非限制性定语从句，从句中 缺少主语，先行词是the cost of trips,指物，用关系代词which。故填which。41题详解】考查固定结构。句意：此外，据社交媒体上的帖子显示，不太为人所知的景点不像开发的那样“商业”和 “标准化”，能够提供更真实的体验和自然的接触。分析句子结构可知，此处考查的是形容词/副 词原级+as.”结构,意为“和一样”，其中第一个as用于否定句时也可以使用so。故填as/so.【42题详解】考查介词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。分析 句子结构可知，此处应为介词，结合句意可知，此处表示“与不同”应为unlike。故填unlike。【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：与热门目的地不同，一些开发不足、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多的惊喜。此空 前为形容词，所以此处应填名词，expose的名词为exposure意为“曝光，接触”，且为不可数名词。故填exposure o【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员Jiang Han表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方 向之一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此空所在的短语为同位语，对前面的 名词Jiang Han进行解释说明，空后researcher为可数名词单数，且为泛指，被解释对象Jiang Han为一个 高级研究员，所以填不定冠词，空后形容词senior首字母为辅音。故填a。45题详解】考查连词。句意：北京公共政策Pangoal智库的高级研究员姜汉表示，反向旅游将成为市场的未来方向之 一，是一个与露营经济相媲美的增长机会。分析句子结构可知，此处需填连词连接两个句子，结合句意可 知，空前句子与空后的句子之间为并列关系。故填and。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，近期你收到“Z世代国际青年说（Voice Z）”节目组邀请为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视 频，请你给节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨相关事宜，内容包括：1 .感谢邀请；.告知演讲话题并说明原因；2 .期待回信。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Emma