高考英语二轮复习文档：专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组10 Word版含答案.docx

题组10说理议论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事A （红桥区二模）Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdoalofargumontaboutcompoti tion. Somevalucithigh1 y , believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity （ 繁 荣 ）. Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad , thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother , andthatitlcadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetwcenpcople.I havetaughtmanychiIdrenwhohedthebe!iefthattheirself-worthreliedonhowwel1th eyperformedattennisandotherskills. Forthem»playingwe11andwinningareoften1ive-and-deathaffairs. Intheirsingle-mindedpursuito fsuccess, thodovolopmcntofmanyothci'humanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.However，whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed»otherstakeanoppositeattitude. Inacu1turewhichon1yvaluesthewinnerandpaysnoattenti ontotheordinaryplaycrs,theystronglycri ticizecompetition. Amongihemoslvocalareyoungsterswhohavesuf'feredu ndercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety. Teachingtheseyoungpeople,loftcnobservcinthcmadesiretofai1. Thcyseemtoseekfailurobynottryingtowinorachieve success. Bynottrying, theyalwayshaveanexcuse ：” Imayhavelost ,butitdoesn, tmatterbecauselreallydidn, ttry. Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost, thatwou1dmeanalot. Suchalosswou1dbeameasureoftheirworth. Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatoftruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves. Botharebasedo nthemistakenbeliefthatone* sself-respectreliesonhowelloneperformsincomparisonw ithothers. Bothareafrai dofnotbe i ngva1uod. On1 yasth i sbas i candoftentroublesomofearb eginstodisappearcanwed i scoveranewmean ingincompeti tion. 语篇解读 本文为议论文，题材为社会生活。文章讨论的是人们对于竞争的不同态度。有的 人非常重视竞争，认为它有益于社会的进步；有的人认为竞争对人的发展不利。1. Whatdoes thi spassagemainlytalkaboul?A. Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.B. Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.C. Competi tioni sharmfultopersonalquali tydevelopment.1) . Eai 1 uresarenecessaryexperienceincompeti tion.答案B解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了人们对于竞争所持的不同态度。2. Whydosomepeop1efavorcompeti tionaccordingtothepassage?A. Itpushessocietyforward.B. ItbuiIdsupasenseofduty.C. 11improvesporsonalabi1i ti es.D. Itencouragesindividualefforts.答案A解析细节理解题。由首段第二句可知答案。3. Theunderlinedphrase * themostvocalM inParagraph3means uthosewhotrytheirbesttowinA. thosewhovaluecompetitionmosthigh1ythosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststronglyB. thosewhorelyonothersmostforsuccess答案C解析 词义猜 测题。由第三 段中“ otherstakeanoppos i teatt i tude ”及 “theystronglycriticizecompetition”可知，画线短语指“强烈反对竞争的人Whatisthesimilarbeliefofthetruecompetitorsandthosewitha “desiretofail” ?A. On。' sworthliesinhisperformancecomparcdwithothers.B. One' ssuccessincompetitionneedsgreatefforts.C. One* sachievementisdeterminedbyhisparticularskills.D. One* ssuccessisbasedonhowhardhehastried.答案A解析 细节理解题。由文章尾段倒数第三句 uBotharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone， sself-respectreliesonhowelloneperfor msincomparisonwi thothers.可知答案。4. Whichpointofviewmaytheauthoragreeto?A. Everyeffortshouldbepaidback.B. Compctitionshou1dbeencouragcd.C. Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.D. Fearoffai1ureshou1dberemovedincompetition.答案D解析 推理判断题。尾段最后一句表明了作者的观点：只有当这种基本的、害怕失败的态度 消失时，我们才能找到竞争的真正含义。即作者认为在竞争中，不要总担心失败。B（河北区一模）Go i ngshopp i ngseemseasy ,butactua11y i t takesa1otof1 earn i ng,especiallyinAmerica. Infact, manyAmericanswhoarenotsowel1-offoftenshopat “sales” oratspecialstoresthatsell thingsatlowprices,whichyoumayfindinteresting. InAmerica, theimportantruleofdressingisthatoneshouldchangchisorherclothcsevcryday. Forexamp le,inanAmericancollege»neitherprofessorsnorstudentsareseeninthesameclothestwodaysinarow. Soyoumayfindit ncccssarytobuymorcclothcsthanyouhavcinChina. WhiIcyouareshoppinginthcStates , youwilldiscoverthatpricesrangeconsiderablyfromtimetotime. Thepurchaseofused,second-handclothing,furniture,orotherhouseholdarticlesmaybcanexcollcntwayofsavingmoney. Mostsecond-handclothes areofprettygoodquality. IfyouaregoingtosettledownintheStatesandwantsomefurniture, youmaygotoci “ locincloset ” , wherefurniturerentsatlowcost , oryoumayeiIsogotoei furnitureexchangen placeinthecommunity.Sheets,blankets,andotherbedclothesgoonscileinmostcommunitiestwiceciyear. Advertisementsfor u whitesales “ onbedlinen , towels , etc. oftenappearinJanuary , aswellasinMay , JuneorJuly. Onceortwiceeveryseason , therewillbe “ garagesales ”,whereyoucangetalmostanything , fromayachttoapai rofshoes , atlowprices. Pricesat ''discountstores” and “thriftshops“ arealsoaslowasyoucanimagine.When shopp i ngf orfood,youshou1d1ookforspecialpricesforvariousi ternsthatareputonsa1 eweek 1y. Toeconomize, itwouldbeagoodideaforyoutopkmtheweeklymenuaccordingtowhatisonsale,includinginitthemeats ,vegetables ,fruits ,etc. thatcanbeboughtatspecialpricesthatweek.Exchangeandreturnpoliciesvaryfromstoretostore. Youshouldalsokeepinmindthatex changeandreturnpoliciesforsalesitemscanbedifferentfromstandardstorepolicies , especiallyifthopriccoftheitomshasbccnreduced. Askthemorchantaboutthoirexchangean dreturnpo1iciesbeforemakingyourpurchase. Obtaininganexchangeorareturnwi thoutasto rereceiptisoftendifficult. So,tosaveyourselftheheadache,you' dbottcrholdontoanypaperorotherproofofpurchase. 语篇解读本文主要讲述在美国购物时，有时价格变化会很大，作者对此给出了一些建议。5. PeopleshoppinginAmericawilldiscover.A. AmericangoodsareexcellentmostclothcscomefromChinaB. pricesvarymuchsometimesusedclothesareofpoorquality答案C解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第六句"While you are shopping in the States, you will discover that prices range considerably from time to time. 可知，当人们在美国购 物时，会发现价格有时会变化很大。故选C。6. Apersonwhoneedsfurnilurecan.A. exchangetheirgoodsforfurnituresettleinaplacethathasfurnitureB. getsomefreeofchargerentsomeatlowcost答案D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的"If you are going to settle down in the States and want some furniture, you may go to a * loan closet* , where furniture rents at low cost. w可知，如果你需要家具，可以去“loan closet”,在那里你可以低 价租到家具。故选D。7. Ata “whilesales"， onecanbuy.A. almostanythingmeats, vegetables, fruitsB. bedlinen, towelsshoesatlowprices答案C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Advertisements for 'white sales' on bed 1 inen, towels, etc. often appear in January, as wel 1 as in May, June or July. “ 可知，"while sales"（大减价）常常出现在一月、五月、六月或七月，卖床单，毛巾等。故选C。8. Garagesalesaroheld.A. onceortwiceeverythreemonthsonceortwiceeveryyearB. fromtimetotimeI）. inJanuary, May, JuneorJuly答案A 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的"Once or twice every season, there will be * garage sales'”可知，"garage sales”每个季度（即每三个月）一到两场。故选A。9. Whatdoestheunderlinedpart anypaperorotherproofinthelastparagraphreferto? A. Theexchangeandreturnpolicy.B. Asalesitem.C. Astorereceipt.D. Thestandardstorepolicy. 答案C解 析词 义 猜 测 题。 根 据 上 文 语 境Obtaininganexchangeorareturnwithoutastorereceiptisoftendifficult. 可知止匕处强 调保留receipt （收据）的重要性，它们是你购物的证据,故“anypaperorotherproof”指 “receipt”（收据）。故选 C。C （天津十二区县二模）HiddenLondon： theCity' sLesserKnownDelights DulwichPictureGalleryAsmuchanexcusetoenjoythevillagecharmsofDulwichVillageastoadmiresomedelicate Europcanmasterworks ,th i sgal1ery i sasoutheastLondoncharmer ,whichwasfoundedinl811. Joinafreeguidedtourtothepermanentco11 ection （3pmSaturdayandSunday）,catchthe1atos11emporaryexhibi t ionandadmircthelove1 j,garden （opcnl ： 30pmto3 ： 30pmTuesdays）.Where： GalleryRDSE217ADTrain： WestDulwich,TempieChurchFeaturinginthenovel 777eZH7/7c76b（/«inddatingbacktothelatel2thcentury , thisisoneofLondon' soldestandholiestmedieval（ 中 世 纪 的） treasures. BuiltbythoKnightsTemplar,thechurch i sd i v i ded i ntotheRound-whichcontainsthestatuesofcrusadingknights,whotriedtorecovertheHolyLandfromtheMuslimsintheMiddleAges-andtheChancel,wherethepriests （牧师）andsingerspcrforminginchurchscrvicessit.Where： TempleEC4Y71）EUnderground： Temp 1eorBlackfriarsCheIseaPhysieGardenEndlesslysatisfyingthegreen-fingered,theplai ncuri ousorthoseeagertod iscoverbotanica)interests incentral London,thisdelightfulwalledgardenwasfoundedbytheApothecaries, Society!nthe17thcenturya ndisoneoftheoldestbotanica1gardensinLondon.Where： 66RoyaIHospitalRdSW3411sUnderground： SloaneSquare,EstorickCollectionofModernltalianArtBu i1tbctween 1953and1958,IheEstorickisBritain, sonlygallerydevotedtoltaiianart. Itdrawstogelherafascinati ngcollectionofFuturistmcisterpiecesfi'omUmbertoBoccioni , GiacomoBalla » CarloCarraandothers ,whoemphas i zedthe i mportanceofmodernth i ngs,especial1ytechno1ogyandmachines.Where： 39aCanonburySqN12ANUnderground： Highbury&Islington 语篇解读本文主要介绍了伦敦鲜为人知的几个景点。10. Whencanyoufo 11 owafreeguidetovisi tl)u 1 wichPictureGal 1 ery?A. 3pmonSunday.B. 3： 30pmonTucsday.C. 1： 30pmonTuesday.D. 1： 30pmonSaturday.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “Joinafrceguidedtourtothcpcrmancntconcction (3pn)SaturdayandSunday).”可知,星期日下午3点能跟随免费导游参观达利奇画廊,故 选A。11. Whichofthefollowinghasthclongesthistory?A. DulwichPictureGallery.B. TempieChurch.C. EstorickCol1ectionofModernltaiianArt.D. ChelseaPhysicGarden.答案B解析 细节理解题。根据 Tempi eChurch 中的 “.datingbacktothelatel2theentury, thisisoneofLondon , soldestandholiestmedieval （中世纪的）treasures."可知，圣殿教 堂的历史最长，故选B。12. WhereshouIdyougoifyouhaveaninterestinplants?A. GalleryRdSE217ADTempleEC4Y7DEB. 66RoyalHospitalRdSW34HS39aCanonburySqN12AN答案C解析 细节理 解题。 根据 Che 1 seaPhy s i cGar den 中 的 “ isoneofthco1destbotaniealgardensinLondon. Where： 66RoyalIIospitalRdSW34HS” 可 知，如果你对植物感兴趣，你应该去66RoyalHospilalRdSW34HS,故选C。13. Ifyouwanttoenjoyltalianart, youmeiygetoffat.A. WestDulwichB. TempleorBlackfriarsC. SloaneSquareI）. Highbury&Is 1 ington答案D 解析 细节理解题。根据 EstorickCollectionofModernltalianArt 中的 ” .isBritain, sonlygallerydevotcdtoltalianart. " 及 “ Underground ：Highbury&Islington”可知,选 D。14. Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthistext?A. Travel.B. Society.C. Nature.I）. Lifestyle.答案A 解析文章出处题。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了四个隐藏在伦敦的鲜为人知的景点, 因此你最可能在报纸的旅游栏目里读到，故选A。D （南开区三模）MydaughterKe1y i sacaut iousperson. Sheneedstowarmuptos i tuat i ons,andishesi tcinttotrynewthings. Whenwithclosefriends,shebecomesaleaderwholaughsloudlyandchants ,“ Girlsrule , boysdrool.Butwhcnthatcomfortzoneisnotaroundhcr, she i sshyandnervous.Th i shasbeenchal1 eng i ngformeat t i mes."Shyisnotawordthatlthinkhaseverbeenusedtodescribeme. Butthishasbeenayearoffirstsform ygirlthathasfillodhcrwithancwsonseofconfidence. Thisycarshomovedtolaplancinswimm ingwhereshewaspreparingforaswimteam. Thisyearshelearnedtorideabikewi thouttrainin gwheels. Andthisyearshecompletedherf irslkids, triathlon （三项全能）.OnSaturday, withathunderstormcomingsoonandmyson, sbirthdaypartylaterintheday, weallwentoutinthedarkofthemorningforKellytoparticipateinherfirsttriathlon. Wepra cticedtransitionsfromswimtobiketorunwithher , wegotal1theequipmentshe, dneed , andwekepttalkingabouttherace. Butaswewaitedthetwohoursfortheolderkidstofinishbef oreherturn,shoheldmylegali ttIchardcrandtoldmeshelovedmoafcwtoomanytimcs. Shewasnervousbuttr yingtokeepittogether.Andthenitwasherturn. Fromthesecondshejumpedintothewater,myhcartsoarod. Mydaughtertransformedintothcmostconfidonthumanbeinglhadevcrsecn. S hedominatedthatswim，crushedthatbikerideandrcintothefinishwiththebiggestsmileonherface.Icanhonestlysaythatlneverfeltsoproudofsomeoneinmyentirelife. Itwasn' tbecaus eshedidasportoranythinglikethat. 1twasbecauseshewasafrai dofsometh i ngandconquered thatfearwithconfidenceandafireIhadn * tseenbefore.AlIdaylwouldf indmyselfjust lookingoveratherandsmiling. Shemightbewearingthefi nalistmcdalbutlfcltlikelwonthatday. Iwonthochancetosecmygirlshine.Shineon, sweetbaby.语篇解读 本文主要讲述作者的女儿Kelly是个慢热型的人，当她离开自己熟悉的区域，进 入新环境时会紧张害羞。当作者看到女儿克服恐惧在比赛中表现得非常自信时，她感到非常 骄傲。15. Kellyisnervouswhen.A. boysarearoundhershcchangesintoaleaderB. sheiseiwayfromhermomsituationsarenewtoher答案D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Butwhenlhalcomfortzoneisnolaroundher , sheisshyandnervous. n可知，Kelly是一个慢热型的人，如果进入新的环境，她会感到紧 张。故选故16. WecanknowfromParagraph3.A. theracebegeinintheearlymorningthewholefamilygaveKellysupportB. Ke 11ywaseagerforherturn intheraceKellypreparedforherbrother, sbirthdayparty答案B解析 细节理解题。 根据第三段中 的 Wepracticedtransitionsfromswimtobiketorunwithher,wegotal 1 theequipmentshe, dneed, andwekepttalkingabouttherace. v 可知，全家人都支 持Kelly。故选B.17. SeeingKelly* sperformanceintherace, theauthorfelt.A. excitedandproudB. anxiousanduneasyC. worricdandhcsitantD. curiousandconcerncd答案A解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“shejumpedintothewater,myheartsoared”， 和第五段第一句.Incvcrfeltsoproudofsomeoncinmyentirclife. ” 可推断作者当时的心 情是乂激动乂自豪的。故选A。18. InParagr<iph5, theunderlinedword “conquered” probciblymeans "todef eat someoneespec iallyinacompetit ionA. tosucceedindealingwithorcontrolsomethingtobecomeverypopu1arorsuccessfu1inapkiceB. totakecontrolofacountryoracityanditspeoplebyforce答案B解析 词义猜测题。根据上文Kelly在游泳时自信的表现可知，此处是指Kelly战胜了恐惧。 故选B。19. Inthclastbutoncparagraphthcauthor wfeltlikelwonthatdayn becauscKclly.A. overcamethefearB. expressed!ovetoherC. wonthegoldmedalD. tookpartinthesport答案A解析 细节理解题。根据上文可知，作者之所以“感到像是自己嬴了一样”是因为女儿已经 克服了恐惧。故选A。