2021-2022学年广东省广州中学高一上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

广州中学202L2022年高一上开学考一.阅读理解（每题2.5分，共10分）When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless bluesky days, I fell at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .1 loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）,I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came oven helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends heal their boards loud, shouting: " Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what matteredlanding tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, Td given it up.When I returned to London in 2004,1 found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. Tve traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped lo watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on （heir boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a railthin （eenager, in a baggy white Tshirt, skidded（滑）up lo the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice （he man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. 44I was a local here 20 years ago/' I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. t4Safe, man. Safe."“Yeah,“ I said. "Safe.”What can we Icam about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.1. What do the underlined words t4Safe! Safe! Safe!, probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don'l worry!2. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood daysWhat message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.39. a【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物一一云海，温泉以及台阶。【30题详解】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应 用what引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。(31题详解】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌股的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human 是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【32题详解】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！此处修饰动词help,应用副词undoubedly “毫无疑问地”。故 填 undoubtedlyo【33题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和！此处是固定结构“the + 比较级，the+比较级”,意为"越,越故填hotter。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样一一总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说 明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词aslonished,表示人的感受“感到震惊的二故填astonished。【35题详解】考查动词时态。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it 6j (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place” 作 wonder 的宾语，it 是从句的形式主语, 不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“安置台阶的石头”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路匕这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一 个你可以坐卜.来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights【he whole adventure”与“offers a place” 部分为并列关系，都是作il的谓语，应用并列连词and。故填and。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了 一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching “疼痛的”，修 饰名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。 对我来说确实如此。根据前一句"it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句的docs替代前一句 的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine,指代my memory。故填mine。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的 事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。 故填a。B. Sport is necessary for children's health.C. Children need a sense of belongingSeeing the world is a must for children.【答案】LA 2. B 3. D 4.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩 滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻 找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 MEveryone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.（除 了 我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市， 没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措）”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能 很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧。故选A。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: "Safe! Safe! Safb!”（几分钟后，当我学会这个技巧时;我的朋友们敲着他们的板子大声喊道：“做得 好！做得好！做得好！）” 以及后文 “And that's what matteredlanding tricks, being a good skater.（那才是真 正重要的一一滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是名好的滑板玩家）”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的 朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段”"I was a local here 20 years ago," I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe” （我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨,你好!"）”可 推知，作者去Soulhbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第段 "Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue一sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.（除了 我之外的家里 人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措。直到我有了一个发现）”以及文 章第二段 “Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .1 loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters.傣晤士河东段 的南岸，是英国滑板运动的中心，在那里，滑板不断的碰撞声让你的脑袋嗡嗡作响。我喜欢那里。我很快 就和当地的滑板手交了朋友）”及文章倒数第二段“When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, Td given it up.（我 15 岁 H寸， 我全家搬到了华盛顿。我试着在那里玩滑板，但当地人远不那么热情。几年之内，我就放弃了）”以及文章 最后一段 “When I returned to London in 2（X）4,1 found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. Pvc traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring.（当我 2004 年回到伦敦时,我发现自己在南 岸闲逛，在那里呆了几个小时。从那以后，我己经回去好几次了，最近一次是今年春天）”可知，作者起初 搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去 华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩 滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历， 作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的。故选C。二,7选5 （每题25分，共12.5分）According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.5 、if you're out of your comfort zone or if yoirrc wandering into somebody's house fbr the first time. Sothe main thing is just （o show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.People love to talk about （hemselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “Whal do you do fbr a living? you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to.6 it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle, or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.,5 It just opens up conversation.7 ? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.If you'rethe host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 8And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment （赞扬）.9.Just quickly tum around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hardHow do you know the hostA. The first step is to go exploringIf you ask the question “How did you get here?B. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersOr turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayE What about that person who had too much to drink or won't stop talkingG. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most【答案】5.B6.C7.F8. E 9. G【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的些方法。【5题详解】上文 “it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party （在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难）”说明晚 宴上让自己变得有趣是不太困难的，以及下文“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.（所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌牛.人 交谈）”说明在晚宴上让自己变得有趣的方法，B项“第一步是去探索”承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。【6题详解】下文 “ il can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at siHyjokes in the back." Itjust opens up conversation.（它可以引入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那 些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是开启了对话）”说明得到回答，开启对话，C项“如 果你问问题“你是怎么到达这里的？ ”提出问题，引出下文，符合题意。故选C项。【7题详解】下文“If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.（如果你不能拿走他 们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方）”说明要采取方法，拿走他们的酒或者让他们离开讲话的地方, F项“喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办”提出问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F项。【8题详解】上文“If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.If you,re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.（如果你不能 拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么， 只是为了让他们从那种情景中离开）”说明面对喝太多酒或者一直说个不停的人时，可以采取的方法，E项“或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题”提出另一种解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。【9题详解】上文 “If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.（如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是 赞美主人）”说明赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，以及下文“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.（这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切）”说明对主人进行赞美的具体做法，G项中Heorshe 指代上文中的主人，G项“他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬的人”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项三.完形填空（每题1分，共20分）My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother （o do her 10 and visit the doctor, providing 11 and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to12 some small things she needs.Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was 13 about three dollars. The only 14 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 15 she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol （医用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to 16 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.At （his store, people 17 and then go off to （he side to 18 their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 19 came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you20 .“handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 21. My mother, who is never speechless, wasspeechless. She 22 fbr the woman's name and address so that she could 23 her. The woman told her it was her 24.My mother was so 25 by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier （收 银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 26 the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough27 fbr all of their groceries.So, whoever you are, thank you fbr the random act of 28 that not only helped my mother out, but【解析】29too.10. A. exerciseB. houseworkC. cookingD.shopping11. A. rewardB. medicineC. companyD. shelter12. A. returnB. colletC. orderD. buy13 A. shortB. cautiousC. wrongD. concerned14. A. aimB. wayC. adviceD. reason15. A. weightB. thingsC. maskD. glasses16. A. raiseB. addC. bringD. switch17. A. show upB. call inC. check outD. sit down18. A. storeB. selectC. deliverD. bag19. A. strangerB. cashierC. friendD. doctor20. A. looked forB. talked aboutC. threw awayD. put back21. A. receiptB.soapC. cashD. bottle22. A. askedB. waitedC. caredD. searched23. A. repayB. trustC. recognizeD. help24 A.luckB.chanceC. giftD. turn25. A. surprisedB. amusedC. touchedD. convinced26. A. in caseB.even ifC. as thoughD. so that27. A. energyB. moneyC.spaceD. time28. A. faithB. courageC. kindnessD. honor29. A. made her dayB. changed her mindC. caught her eyeD. met her demand【答案】10.D11.C12. D 13. A 14. B15. B 16. C17. C 18. D 19. A 20.D 21. B 22. A23. A 24. C 25. C26. A 27. B28. C 29. A【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者年迈的母亲在超市购物时，得到陌生人帮助的故事。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A. exercise 锻炼；B. housework 家务活；C. cooking 烹饪；D. shopping 购物。根据上文中"My mother is 92”和下一句中的“got。a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我会带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。A.reward 报酬，酬谢；B. medicine 药；C.company 陪伴；D.sheller 遮蔽，庇护。根据前文 “My molher is 92. Unless I have (o be out of town, each weekl take my molher to do her shopping and visit the doctor” 可知，作者“陪 同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。A. return 返回：B. collect 收集;C. order 订购;D. buy 买。根据上文的“ she likes to go to a nearby store”和下文中的"small things she needs"可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周她走进商店，当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。A. short缺少的； B. cautious 谨慎的；C. wrong 错误的；D. concerned 关心的° 根据下文中的 “The only_5_to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she could do without.n可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买 的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一 “方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. aim 目标；B. way方法，方式；C. advice建议；D. reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够， 所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一 “方式”。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯“方式”就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。A. weight 重量;B. things 东西；C. mask 口罩;D. glasses 眼镜。根据 F J 41 W a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap w 可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲哲时可以不买的“东西”。故选民，【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范 围。A. raise提高；B. add添加：C. bring使 处于某种状况，使 到某地；D. switch转变。根据上文可 知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. losih.表示“使 处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. show up出现，露面；B.callin叫来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D.sitdown坐下。根据空后的“then go offto the side"可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。A. store 贮藏：B. select 挑选；C. deliver 递送；D. bag 把装进袋子。根据下一句中的 “pulling her groceries intoshopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个阴生人走过来，说“这 是你放回去的东西”,并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor 医生。根据下文中的“She_13_fbr the woman's name and addressM可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个 陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说“这 是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. look for寻找；B. talk about谈论；C. throw away扔掉； D. put back 放回。根据上一段的“take off the 6 she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol （医用酒 精）and a bar of soap. By taking。行these.”可知,由于缺大约3美元,作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来, 放回到货架上。故选D。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个阴生人走过来，说“这 是你放回去的东西”，并递给她医用酒精和肥皂。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。 根据上文中的“lake off the 6 she could do without： a bottle of rubbing alcohol （医用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these."可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东 西买了下来。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A. asked询问；B. waited等待； C. cared在乎；D. searched搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名 和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。A.r叩ay报答；B.trusl信任；C. recognize认出；D. help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名 和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。A. luck运气；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. turn （依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was soby her gesture that”可知，这个女人的行为感 动了作